Spend和take的区别汇总.doc

Spend 和 take 的区别一、简单的记住两个句型就行：It take sb. sometime to do sth.spend on /spend doing 详细解释：Spend:spend 作动词用，意思是“花费（钱、时间）；度过 ”常与介词 on 连用，短语spend…on…表示 “在某事/物上花费钱或时间” 如：He spent a lot of money on books.spend…on 后面 通常跟名词，若为动词，要用 spend, in doing sth 花费财力或时间做某事如：I spent half an hour in copying the text.My mother spends an hour on the housework every clay.take 当“ 花费”讲时，常用在句型 It takes sb. some time to do sth 中，它表示“花费某人一段时间做某事”句型中的 it 是形式主语 ，不定式知语 to do sth 是真正的主语，take 的形式随时间状语而变如：It takes me two hours to do my homework every day.It took them ten years to finish the invention.It will take her three hours to get there by bike next time.要表达“花钱买东西”可以用 lost, pay 和 spend；要表达“花时间做某”可以用 spend 和take。

如：The jacket cost him 98 yuan.He paid 98 yuan for the jacket.He spent 98 yuan on the jacket.She spends half an hour on English in the morning.It takes her half an hour to learn English in the morning. 均可表示“花费”，但在用法和搭配等有很大区别现分述如下：一、从所涉及的主语来看spend 的主语只能是人，不能是事或物；take 的主语可以是事或物 (包括形式主语 it)也可以是人如：I have spent all day looking for you. 我花了 1 整天找你It took me an hour to write the letter. 我写这封信花了 1 个小时The letter took me an hour (to write). (译文同上)I took an hour to write the letter. (译文同上)2. 从所涉及的宾语来看take 的宾语通常是时间，而 spend 的宾语则可以是时间或钱 。

如：It took her two hours to walk to the station. 走路去车站花了她两小时He spends much time (money) on books. 他花了很多时间读(钱买) 书按传统语法，take 的宾语通常是时间，但在现代英语中，用钱作其宾语的现象已很普遍如：It takes a lot of money to buy a house. 买一座房子要花一大笔钱3. 从所采用的句型结构来看(1) 通常句型为：sb spends time (money) on sth 某人在某一方面花多少钱sb spends time (money) in [on] doing sth 某人在做某事方面花多少钱it takes sb time (money) to do sth = it takes time (money) for sb to do sth 做某事花某人多少时间或钱sth takes sb time (money) to do 某事花某人多少时间或钱去做sb takes time (moeny) to do 某人花多少时间或钱去做某事(2) 用于以上意义时，take 通常不用于被动语态，而 spend 则可以用于被动语态。

误：Two hours was taken to do the work.正：Two hours was spent on the work. 做这工作花了两个小时4. 从各自的比喻用法来看(1) spend 表示“消耗” 、“用完”如：I’ll spend no more breath on him. 我不会再和他费唇舌He spent great efforts to help me. 他费了很大的劲儿来帮我2) take 表示需要人力(精力、劳力等)如：It takes patience. 做这工作需要耐心It takes two to make a quarrel. 一个巴掌拍不响It took three men to lift the box. 抬这个箱子要 3 个人 二、spend 的主语必须是人.常用于以下结构：(1) spend time ／money on sth. 在……上花费时间（金钱）例：I spent two hours on this maths problem. 这道数学题花了我两个小时2) spend time ／ money (in) doing sth. 花费时间（金钱）做某事。

例：They spent two years (in) building this bridge. 造这座桥花了他们两年时间3)spend money for sth. 花钱买……例：His money was spent for books. 他的钱用来买书了 take 后面常跟双宾语.常见用法有以下几种：(1) It takes sb. ＋时间＋to do sth. 做某事花了某人多少时间例：It took them three years to build this road. 他们用了三年时间修完了这条路2)doing sth. takes sb. ＋时间, 做某事花了某人多少时间例：Repairing this car took him the whole afternoon. 他花了一下午修车 spend/cost/pay/take (1)spend 的主语通常是人，往往用于以下句型： （sb）spend some money/some time on sth. (sb)spend some money/some time(in)doing sth.例如： I spent fifty yuan on the coat. = I spent fifty yuan (in) buying the coat. 我花 50 元买了这件大衣。

He spent three days on the work. = He spend three days (in) doing the work. 我干这项工作用了 3 天 (2)take 常用于“占用、花费” 时间，其主语通常为形式主语“it” 或物句式是： It takes/took sb.some time to do sth＝Sth.takes sb.some time. 例如： It took me three years to draw the beautiful horses. 画这些漂亮的马花费了我 3 年时间 The work will take me two days.这项工作花了 2 天时间 (3) pay 为“ 付款、赔偿 ”之意，主语通常是人，往往是 sb. pays some money for sth 或 pay sb.(some money for sth) 例如： I paid fifty yuan for the coat.我花 50 元买了这件大衣 He has paid the doctor 50 pounds for the medicine? 他买药已付医生 50 英镑。

How much did you pay him? 你付他多少钱？ (4) cost 的主语必须是某物spend … on sth．/in doing sth．的主语必须是人pay … for 的主语也是人It takes + sb．+ 时间（或钱）to do sth．的主语则必须是形式主语 It 动词 cost 的常用用法是 sth.cost (sb.) some money 如：The dictionary cost me £ 20.三、1.sb. spend + time 或 money + on sth(n.名词). （某人花费 ……多少钱/多少时间……在某物上） sb. spend + time/money + in(可有可无)+ doing(v.动词) sth. （某人花费……多少时间来做某事） 2 句型：It takes sb. + time + to do sth. （做某事花费某人……多少时间） 3、 sb. pay for sth. （某人为某物付款） sb. pay + money + for sth. (某人为某物付……多少钱） 4、 Sth. cost sb. + money. (某物花费某人……多少钱） Sth. cost + money. (某物价值……多少钱）spend，cost， take 和 pay 都可以表示“花费” ，但用法却不尽相同。

cost 的主语是物或某种活动， 还可以表示“值” . 常见用法如下：(1) sth. costs (sb.) ＋金钱,某物花了（某人）多少钱例：A new computer costs a lot of money. 买一台新电脑要花一大笔钱2) (doing) sth. costs (sb.) ＋时间 ,某物（做某事）花了（某人）多少时间例：Remembering these new words cost him a lot of time. 他花了大量时间才记住了这些单词 注意：cost 的过去式及过去分词都是 cost,并且不能用于被动句 pay 的基本用法是：(1) pay (sb.) money for sth. 付钱（给某人）买……例：I have to pay them 20 pounds for this room each month. 我每个月要付 20 英磅的房租2) pay for sth. 付……的钱例：I have to pay for the book lost. 我不得不赔丢失的书款3) pay for sb. 替某人付钱例：Don t worry!I'll pay for you. 别担心， 我会给你付钱的。

4) pay sb. 付钱给某人例: They pay us every month.他们每月给我们报酬5）pay money back 还钱例：May I borrow 12 yuan from you? I'll pay it back next week. 你能借给我 12 块钱吗？下周还你6）pay off one's money 还清钱。