adjadv固定搭配辨析.doc

一、考点分析(一)形容词和介词的搭配 be+形容词+about anxious about 担心 careful about 细心 curious about 好奇 concerned about 担心 careless about 粗心 crazy about 迷恋 certain about 有把握 doubtful about 怀疑 enthusiastic about 热心于 sure about 肯定 serious about 用心 be+形容词+at apt at 善于 angry at 发怒 amazed at 吃惊 annoyed at 烦恼 bad at 不善于 clever at 擅长于 disgusted at 对 ……厌恶 furious at 对……发怒mad at 恼火 good at 精通 quick at 敏捷 pleased at 欣慰 surprised at 惊奇 skillful at 熟练 be+形容词+foradapted for 合适 anxious for 渴望 competent for 胜任 convenient for 方便eligible for 合格 eager for 迫切要求 famous for 闻名 fit for 合适 grateful for 感激 hungry for 急于 known for 出名 noted for 出名 necessary for 所必需的 possible for 有可能的 proper for 适合于 ready for 准备好 responsible for 有责任的 suitable for 适合 sufficient for 足够 sorry for 惋惜 形容词+from absent from 缺席different from 与……不同distant from 远离distinct from 有差别exempt from 免除free from 免除far from 远离protected from 保护remote from 远离recovery from 复原secure from 安全safe from 安全形容词+inaccurate in 精确absorbed in 专心于constant in 持久confident in 信任disappointed in 对人失望expert in 熟练experienced in 有经验fortunate in 有幸happy in 幸运interested in 感兴趣lacking in 缺乏prompt in 迅速rich in 盛产successful in 成功wanting in 缺乏形容词+ofafraid of 害怕aware of 了解ashamed of 羞耻capable of 能够considerate of 体谅conscious of 意识到composed of 由……组成certain of 确信deserving of 值得desirous of 渴望disregard of 不顾exclusive of 除了full of 充满fond of 喜爱guilty of 犯罪independent of 不受支配incapable of 不能jealous of 嫉妒proud of 骄傲regardless of 不管sick of 厌烦short of 缺乏sure of 肯定tolerant of 容忍suspicious of 怀疑tired of 厌倦thougful of 体贴形容词+toadverse to 敌对，相反adapted to 适应于addicted to 醉心于agreeable to 欣然同意beneficial to 有益于contrary to 相反convenient to 方便contiguous to 相邻common to 共同的devoted to 献身于equal to 等于essential to 必不可少equivalent to 等于，相当于fundamental to 根本的familiar to 熟悉grateful to 感激indifferent to 不在乎loyal to 忠于opposed to 反对parallel to 平行relevant to 有关的related to 有关系的sympathetic to 同情true to 忠于(be) used to 习惯于形容词+withacquainted with 相识annoyed with 烦恼angry with 对人恼火busy with 忙于bored with 厌烦于crowded with 拥挤confronted with 面临consistent with 符合，一致concerned with 有关系disappointed with 对……失望disgusted with 讨厌friendly with 友好frank with 坦率familiar with 精通identical with 相同popular with 受欢迎pleased with 满意satisfied with 满意wrong with 坏了（二）词义辨析1.able capable competent 和 qualified都含“有能力的”意思。

able 一般指人，表示“ 现在实有做某事的能力 ”， 有时意味着 “高超的能力或技艺” ， 如:a marvelously able author 一位才华出众的作者capable 指人或物均可，表示有 “潜在的或能达到一般要求的能力”， 如:He is hardly capable of executing such a difficult task.他仅能勉强地完成这样艰巨的任务competent 指具有“胜任某一工作的条件 ”， 强调对某项工作有足够的技能及其它所需条件， 如:He is a competent，but not a brilliant musician.作为音乐家， 他能胜任， 但缺乏才华qualified 指具有“做某工作的必需条件” 、 “合格的” ， 所表示的能力则更有“保留( 最低限度)” 的意思， 如:A qualified stenographer is not necessarily a competent secretary.一个合格的速记员不一定就是个称职的秘书2.absurd，foolish，silly 和 ridiculous均含“不合情理” 、 “荒唐” 、 “可笑”意思。

absurd 强调“ 不符合人情或常识的 ”， 如:It's clear to everybody that the creation of the world by God is absurd.人人都清楚， 上帝创造世界的说法是荒谬的foolish 强调“缺乏智慧和判断力的 ”， 如:What a foolish suggestion!多么荒唐的建议!silly 强调“单纯、糊涂、低能的 ”， 如:I can't stand her giggling， she's so silly.她吃吃地笑， 叫我真受不了， 那样子傻透了ridiculous 意为 “荒谬的” 、 “令人发笑的” ， 常会有“鄙视”之意， 如:How ridiculous!真滑稽! (含“ 岂有此理” 意味)3.abundant 和 richabundant 指数量多，只用于人、鸟、鱼、时间、雨量和资源等如：Abundant rain fell last month.上个月雨量充足rich 指许多钱财，但也有其他抽象意义如富饶的，豪华的等如：The land is rich in this kind of tree. 这里盛产这种树木。

4.accurate，correct 和 exact均含“正确的”意思accurate 表示“准确的” ，精确的”，指“ 通过努力， 使事情达到正确”， 如:She gave an accurate account of the accident.她对事故做了准确的描述correct 为一般用语， 指“ 正确的 ”， 如:He gave correct answers to the questions.他对这些问题提出了正确的答案exact 表示 “确切的 ”， “精确无误的”，指“与事实完全相符”， 如:His answer is quite exact.他的回答完全正确5.active，energetic，vigorous 和 lively都有积极的、活泼的含义active 最中性，意为处于行动状态，与被动、静止相对：an active imagination; 丰富的想象力；energetic 暗含具有持久活力的持续性热情行为： an energetic fund raiser for the college. 大学资金的有力筹集者vigorous 精力充沛的， 强健的; 活泼的；有魄力的 a vigorous player 精力充沛的运动员。

lively 表示机敏，活泼及活力：I take a lively interest in politics.我对政治有很浓厚的兴趣6.alive 和 living都有活着的含义alive 是表语形容词，只能位于系动词和它所修饰的名词之后如：Queen Victoria was still alive in 1990.维多利亚女王 1990 年还活着living 通常放在它所修饰的名词之前如：There are a lot of living fossils.有很多活化石7.alone 和 lonelyalone 强调与别人分开，但没必要暗含不高兴只意 I am never less alone， than when I am alone?我从来不比自己独处时更孤独lonely 常指痛苦地意识到自己独自一人：No doubt they are dead，?she thought， and felt . . . sadder and . . . lonelier for the thought? 毫无疑问他们都死了，她越想越感到伤心和孤单.8.amuse 和 entertainamuse 暗含从紧张、严肃的环境中逃脱出来，使自己放松。

I amused myself with a game of solitaire.我玩单人纸牌戏使自己放松entertain 指进行某种活动增加快乐：They are much more entertaining than half the novels that are written? 它们 比创作的半数小说更能使人得到娱乐amusing 和 interestingamusing 指在娱乐、嬉戏时有趣的东西给人的感觉，或者在非集中思想于工作、学习时某有趣的东西给人们的感觉；I had an amusing experience last year.去年我有过一次好笑的经历interesting 指在任何时候某有趣的事物引起了人的注意The play was very 。