
汉译英错译例与析.ppt
10页汉译英错译例与析• 1. 我每天都要在网吧里呆上10个小时,是个不折不扣的网虫• [误] I spend 10 hours in the net bar every day, and I am indeed a net bug• [正] I spend 10 hours in the net bar every day, and I am indeed a netter•注:“网虫”要是直译成 net bug,很容易使人联想到计算机病毒,如:the millennium bug(“千年虫”病毒)所以,英语中与之相应的说法是 netter/nettle在《剑桥国际英语词典》里,对 netter/nettle 的解释是:regular user of Internet, perhaps one who spends too much time in this occupationnethead 和“网虫”的意思差不多,它表示“网痴,网迷”;而 netizen 则可以用来指所有的网民,尤其是互联网的用户,它是由 net(网络)和 citizen(公民)组合而成的 2. 东施效颦。
[误] Doingshi imitates Xishi [正] The ugly imitates the beautiful in such a distorted way that the ugliness of the ugly becomes worse 注:把原文按照字面意思直译过来,恐怕只有中国人能够理解要想让外国人明白这个中国成语,就要对译文进行解释性加工了同样,“情人眼里出西施”不是 Xishi is in the eye of the beholder,而是 Beauty is in the eye of the beholder• 3. 你不好好学习,还想去牛津上大学这可真是个不切实际的幻想哟!• [误] You don't study hard, yet you want to go to Oxford. What an impractical illusion!• [正] You don't study hard, yet you want to go to Oxford. What an illusion!• 注:汉语中的修饰语往往用的很多,目的在于加强语气,但这种表达习惯在翻译时必须进行处理。
illusion 本身就有 impractical 的含义,而英语中在表意已经很明确的情况下是无需重复的• 4. 想让他答应这样的要求恐怕不大可能• [误] I'm afraid it is impossible for him to agree to such a request• [正] I'm afraid it is unlikely for him to agree to such a request• 注:impossible 表示“完全不可能”,所以与原文有出入在英语中,probable 表示的可能性最大,其次是 possible,再次是 likely而常用的句式为 it is probable/possible/likely for sb. to do sth.,或 sb. be likely to do sth.5. 一群蚂蚁 [误] a group of ants [正] a colony of ants 注:表示群体时,group 通常指人或物,而 colony 才指生物群体 6. 每次考试来临的时候,约翰就变成了一只夜猫子,但这并不是一个好的学习方法。
[误] John becomes a night cat every time the examination is coming. However, this is not a good way to learn [正] John becomes a night owl every time the examination is coming. However, this is not a good way to learn 注:owl 是“猫头鹰”的意思,即一种深夜不睡,睁一只眼,闭一只眼,准备随时捕捉田鼠的动物英语中用 night owl 来比喻经常熬夜的人,就像我们习惯用“夜猫子”一样不论叫你“夜猫子”还是 a night owl,“开夜车”(burn the midnight oil)总是免不了的•7. 现如今,由于出国深造的人越来越多,“海龟(归)派”也不像原来那样吃香了• [误] Nowadays as more and more people study abroad, the overseas students are not so popular as before.• [正] Nowadays as more and more people study abroad, the returnees are not so popular as before。
• 注:“海龟(归)派”是指那些在国外留学以后又回来的人,是个非常形象的新名词但 overseas student 是指正在国外学习的“留学生”,意思正好相反,所以要换成 returnee这个词本身就包含在海外学习过的意思• 8. 在皎洁的月光下,那个花花公子在我耳边悄悄说着情话• [误] The playboy whispered love words to my ear with a bright moon in the sky• [正] The playboy whispered sweet nothings to my ear with a bright moon in the sky• 注: 因为“情书”是 love letter,“情歌”是 love song,所以不少人以为“情话”就应该是 love words,其实并非如此英语中“情话”常用 lovers'prattle 或 sweet nothings 来表达prattle 有“孩子话,废话”的意思,所以 lovers' prattle 指“恋人之间孩子气的废话”;sweet nothings 更是一目了然,有“甜蜜而不中用”的意思。
•9. 哈罗得挥金如土,没有一点积蓄• [误] Harold spends money like dirt, and has no savings• [正] Harold spends money like water, and has no savings• 注:英国是一个岛国,离不开水;而我们中国的许多地区深处内陆,人们的生活离不开土地所以,英语中有许多习语与“水”有关,而汉语却常常拿“土”作比这就是为什么同样是比喻花钱浪费,大手大脚,英语是 spend money like water,而汉语却是“挥金如土”此外,英语中还有很多有关船和水的习语,例如:rest on one's oars(暂时歇一歇),keep one's head above water(奋力图存),be all at sea(不知所措)等等• 10. 这只表的价钱很贵• [误] The price of the watch is dear• [正] The watch is dear. /The price of the watch is high• 注: 以物品为主语时用 dear 或 cheap,以定价为主语时就说 high 或 low。
THE END Thank you。