2021年考研英语一真题及答案详细解析.doc

2021年考研英语一真题及答案详细解析20__年考研英语一真题及答案详细解析 20__年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（一）试题及答案详细解析 Section I Use of English : Directions: Read the follog te_t.Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B,C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points) Though not biologically related, friends are as “related” as fourth cousins, sharing about 1 of genes.That is _(1)_a study, published from the University of California and Yale University in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, has__(2)_.The study is a genome-wide analysis conducted _(3)__1,932 unique subjects which __(4)__pairs of unrelated friends and unrelated strangers.The same people were used in both_(5)_.While 1 may seem_(6)_,it is not so to a geicist.As James Fowler, professor of medical geics at UC San Diego, says, “Most people do not even _(7)_their fourth cousins but somehow manage to select as friends the people who_(8)_our kin.” 　　The study_(9)_found that the genes for smell were something shared in friends but not genes for immunity .Why this similarity e_ists in smell genes is difficult to e_plain, for now,_(10)_,as the team suggests, it draws us to similar environments but there is more_(11)_it.There could be many mechanisms working together that _(12)_us in choosing geically similar friends_(13)_”functional Kinship” of being friends with_(14)_! 　　One of the remarkable findings of the study was the similar genes seem to be evolution_(15)_than other genes Studying this could help_(16)_why human evolution picked pace in the last 30,000 years, with social environment being a major_(17)_factor.The findings do not simply e_plain people’s_(18)_to befriend those of similar_(19)_backgrounds, say the researchers.Though all the subjects were drawn from a population of European e_traction, care was taken to_(20)_that all subjects, friends and strangers, were taken from the same population.1.[A] when [B] why [C] how [D] what 　　2.[A] defended [B] concluded [C] withdrawn [D] advised 　　3.[A] for [B] with [C] on [D] by 　　4.[A] pared [B] sought [C] separated [D] connected 　　5.[A] tests [B] objects [C]sles [D] e_les 　　6.[A] insignificant [B] une_pected [C]unbelievable [D] incredible 　　7.[A] visit [B] miss [C] seek [D] know 　　8.[A] resemble [B] influence [C] favor [D] surpass 　　9.[A] again [B] also [C] instead [D] thus 　　10.[A] Meanwhile [B] Furthermore [C] Likewise [D] Perhaps 　　11.[A] about [B] to [C]from [D]like 　　12.[A] drive [B] observe [C] confuse [D]limit 　　13.[A] according to [B] rather than [C] regardless of [D] along with 　　14.[A] chances [B]responses [C]missions [D]benefits 　　15.[A] later [B]slower [C] faster [D] earlier 　　16.[A]forecast [B]remember [C]understand [D]e_press 　　17.[A] unpredictable [B]contributory [C] controllable [D] disruptive 　　18.[A] endeavor [B]decision [C]arrangement [D] tendency 　　19.[A] political [B] religious [C] ethnic [D] economic 20.[A] see [B] show [C] prove [D] tell Section II Reading prehension 　　Part A 　　Directions: 　　Read the follog four te_ts.Answer the questions below each te_t by choosing A, B, C or D.Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET.(40 points)Te_t 1 　　King Juan Carlos of Spain once insisted “kings don’t abdicate, they dare in their sleep.” But embarrassing scandals and the popularity of the republican left in the recent Euro-elections have forced him to eat his words and stand down.So, does the Spanish crisis suggest that monarchy is seeing its last days? Does that mean the writing is on the wall for all European royals, with their magnificent uniforms and majestic lifestyle? 　　The Spanish case provides arguments both for and against monarchy.When public opinion is particularly polarised, as it was follog the end of the Franco regime, monarchs can rise above “mere” politics and “embody” a spirit of national unity.It is this arent transcendence of politics that e_plains monarchs’ continuing popularity polarized.And also, the Middle East e_cepted, Europe is the most monarch-infested region in the world, with 10 kingdoms (not counting Vatican City and Andorra).But unlike their absolutist counterparts in the Gulf and Asia, most royal families have survived because they allow voters to avoid the difficult search for a non-controversial but respected public figure.Even so, kings and queens undoubtedly have a downside.Symbolic of national unity as they claim to be, their very history—and sometimes the way they behave today – embodies outdated and indefensible privileges and inequalities.At a time when Thomas Piketty and other economists are warning of rising inequality and the increasing power of inherited wealth, it is bizarre that wealthy aristocratic families should still be the symbolic heart of modern democratic states.The most successful monarchies strive to abandon or hide their old aristocratic ways.Princes and princesses have day-jobs and ride bicycles, not horses (or helicopters).Even so, these are wealthy familie。