(word完整版)主谓一致.doc

word完整版)主谓一致高中英语:主谓一致概论:谓语动词的数必须和主语的人称和数保持一致，这就叫主谓一致在判定一个句子主谓语是否一致时,要遵循下列三个原则：语法一致、意义一致和就近一致近几年来，高考关于该内容的考查主要集中在意义一致、语法一致、承前一致以及就近一致几个方面.考点:1. 谓语动词用单数的情况2 谓语动词用复数的情况3. 谓语动词单复数视情况而定4. “名词(或代词)＋介词短语"作主语时的主谓一致5 “名词（或代词）＋of＋名词”作主语时的主谓一致6 定语从句中的主谓一致7 就近原则&就前原则解析：一、语法一致原则：主语和谓语从语法形式上取得一致：主语是单数形式，谓语也采取单数形式；主语是复数形式,谓语亦采取复数形式.The number of errors was surprising.We love our motherland 规则：1 由and, both…and 连接两个单数名词谓语用复数，但当and连接的两个名词指同一个人,同一物，同一事，同一概念时谓语用单数.Both bread and butter were served for breakfast in this hotel。

The teacher and writer is going to give us a talk.2. 由and 连接的前置并列修饰语+不可数名词做主语时,谓语用复数Good and bad meat in the market are sold out3. 凡由and连接两个带the（a或物主代词)的单数可数名词，谓语用复数，如果只有前一个名词带the(a 或物主代词)则谓语用单数The professor and the writer have published a few new books on radioThe tenth and last chapter is written by a young man.4 every/each/no 修饰单数名词，以及and连接的两个有every/each/no修饰的单数名词做主语时，谓语用单数形式.如：Every boy and every girl is having sports now.5more than one/many a＋单数名词”做主语时,谓语动词用单数形式.如：More than one student has failed the exam。

6 “one ＋单数名词and a half " 做主语时，谓语动词可用单数形式,也可用复数形式，如： He said that one and a half apples is enough.7. 不可数名词、动名词、不定式、从句等做主语时，谓语通常用单数.Much milk is offered to him. Reading aloud is very important in learning English.To nod one’s head means agreement What they said is true.8 不定代词either， each, one， another, anyone, anybody ， no one, nobody, some one, somebody, anything, nothing, something, everything， everyone, everybody， neither等做主语时,谓语用单数,none做主语时，谓语单复数均可There is nothing wrong with the machine.Either of the shirts fits me very well.None of the farmers has (have)been abroad.9。

在四则运算中谓语单复数均可Three and four is （are) seven Two times ten is (are) twenty10. 当a lot of， lots of, plenty of， a great quantity of等短语做主语时,谓语与of后的名词保持一致There are plenty of eggs in the basket Lots of meat has been sold out.考例：As a result of destroying the forests， a large_______ of desert______ covered the land A number, has B quantity, has C number, have D quantity, have （key:B)11 当分数或百分数+名词做主语时,谓语与后面的名词保持一致.Three fourths of the surface of the earth is covered with water.70 percent of people have known about the truth.考例：_______ of the land in that district_______covered with trees and grass。

A Two fifth, is B Two fifth， are C Two fifth， is D Two fifths, are （key:C)12. “a number of，a great/good many， a group of+复数名词做主语时，谓语动词用复数形式，”the number of +复数名词做主语时，谓语用单数形式The number of books is no more than 100， but a number of them is of little use考例：The number of people invited ______ fifty， but a number of them ______absent for different reasonsA were ， was B was， was C was ， were， D were, were (key C)a great deal of , a large amount of修饰不可数名词，其短语做主语时，谓语动词通常用单数；large amounts of修饰不可数名词,其短语做主语时，谓语动词通常用复数,例如：A large amount of (A great deal of) damage was done in a very short time.Large amounts of money were spent on the bridge。

13 在one of +复数名词+定语从句中如关系代词做主语引导定语从句时，谓语根据先行词来判断，若是one of结构，定语从句用复数，若是the(only) one of结构，定语从句用单数Zhou Xia is one of the girls who like hiking. Tian Lili is the only one of the girls who has passed the exam考例：He is the only of the students who_______ a winner of scholarship for three years A is B are C have been D has been (key D)二、意义一致原则： 取决于主语所表达的内在含义.只要确定句子的主语是单数意义，则谓语用单数；句子的主语是复数意义,则谓语用复数.例如： The crowd were fighting for their livesThree years in a strange land seems like a long time。

规则：1 由and 连接的两个疑问代词、不定式、动名词做主语时，根据意义一致的原则确定单复数When and where to build the new factory ________yet A is not decided B are not decided C has not decided D have not decided （key:A）2. 不可数名词做主语,一律视为单数.以¬s结尾的国名、地名、机构名，书名，如：the United States， the United Nations等做主语,视为单数；有些不可数名词如：news, maths, physics 虽然以¬s结尾,但不是复数.Physics is not easy to understand.3 表示单一概念的动名词、不定式或句子做主语时,谓语动词用单数.“one, either, neither, each of＋复数名词或代词”做主语时，谓语用单数.如：When and where to go for the on¬salary holiday has not been decided yet。

Either of the stories is very funny.4. 表示时间、金钱、距离、重量等的复数名词做主语，通常看作一个整体，谓语动词常用单数如：Ten pounds was missing from the box a series of, a kind of, a piece of， a pair of， type of等修饰名词做主语时,通常以量词的单复数形式来决定谓语的单复数如:This pair of trousers fits you. The kind of the apple tastes deliciousTwo series of new stamps have been orderedthis kind of book =a book of this kind（这种书)，其谓语动词用单数；短语this kind of men =men of this kind =these kind of men（口语）(这一类人），但this kind of men的谓语动词用单数，men of this kind和these kind of men的谓语动词用复数，all kinds of后跟复数名词，谓语动词用复数形式.如：This kind of men is dangerous。

Men of this kind are dangerous the population of…“……的人口数量”作主语时，谓语用单数,但如果是分数/百分数/half of/the rest of＋the population 作主语时,谓语则用复数，具体指其中的多少人，复数意义，如： The population of China is large and about eighty percent of the population are farmers. 注意： the average of …“……的平均数量”,作主语时,谓语用单数 7. “the ＋adj"结构指人时,谓语动词用复数；如果表示抽象的概念，谓语动词用单数，如: Th。