中国文化英语教程Unit13讲课稿.ppt

第一页，共45页nLead-innText studynExercisesUnit 13 A Silent Army第二页，共45页Lead-inHave you watched the Chinese Movie Myth 《神话《神话(shénhuà)》》)? Some scenes near the end are shot in this fantastic place. Can you guess where it is?第三页，共45页Lead-inLocation: Lintong District, Xi’an, Shaanxi ProvinceAn UNESCO World Heritage SiteThe Eighth Wonder of the WorldA Collection of SculpturesThe Terracotta (赤陶土(táotǔ)) Army or the "Terra Cotta Warriors and Horses”第四页，共45页pIntroductionpDiscovery of the Terracotta Army (兵马俑)pVivid SculptureText study第五页，共45页。

Introductionthe Terracotta Army of the First Emperor of Qin：•Renowned as one of the “Eight Wonders of the World”•Is a great legacy of his military might, and also a superb paradigm of ancient Chinese sculpture.第六页，共45页Introduction•The Terracotta Army is a collection of terracotta sculptures depicting the armies of Qin Shi Huang•It is a form of funerary art buried with the emperor in 210–209 BC and whose purpose was to protect the emperor in his afterlife.第七页，共45页Discovery of the Terracotta Army •Discovery time: March 1974第八页，共45页。

Discovery of the Terracotta Army •Terra Cotta Pit No.1 was discovered by local villagers who were digging a well on a piece of barren land in Xianyang. •They came across unusual pottery fragments.•Archaeologists soon uncovered on the site a huge army of terracotta warriors and horses.•They were interred (埋葬(máizàng)) with the remains of the First Emperor over 2,000 years ago.•Altogether four pits (坑) housing thousands of terracotta warriors have been unearthed.第九页，共45页Discovery of the Terracotta Army 第十页，共45页。

Discovery of the Terracotta Army Pit No. 1: over 14,000 square meters, the largest pit of the 4 pits第十一页，共45页Discovery of the Terracotta Army Front echelon (梯队(tīduì)):3 rows, 210 soldiers with the commander in the front第十二页，共45页Discovery of the Terracotta Army Main body:38 columns (some as long as 180 meters) About 6,000 soldiers(wearing suits of armor and holding bronze weapons)第十三页，共45页Discovery of the Terracotta Army On either side of central echelon, there is a row of 180 soldiers, as flanks (侧翼(cèyì)) of the formation第十四页，共45页。

Discovery of the Terracotta Army At the back, more than 100 warriors stand, probably part of the rear guard.Among the formation are 32 terracotta horses, with four drawing a wooden war chariot (战车(zhàn chē)).第十五页，共45页Discovery of the Terracotta Army Pit No.2 was discovered in the summer of 1976.第十六页，共45页Discovery of the Terracotta Army二号坑蹲射佣出土(chū tǔ)时原状A crouching warrior, just unearthed from Pit No. 2, his martial bearing untarnished by the soil still on his face.第十七页，共45页Discovery of the Terracotta ArmyIt has 4 battle formations, including over 1,300 soldiers and horses, more than 80 war chariots and tens of thousands of bronze weapons.第十八页，共45页。

Discovery of the Terracotta ArmyFormation 1• Eastern Sections• A group of archers (弓箭手)Front: 60 archers , standing uprightBack: 160 archers , squatting on one leg and kneeling on the other第十九页，共45页Discovery of the Terracotta Army Formation 2 (To the right of Formation 1)• A formation of 64 war chariots in 8 rows.• Each chariot is drawn by 4 life-size horses.Behind each chariot stand 3 soldiers:The one in the middle-hold the reins; the other two on the sides hold long-staffed weapons第二十页，共45页Discovery of the Terracotta Army Formation 3 19 chariots, 264 infantrymen (步兵(bùbīng)) 8 horsemen In 3 rowsAt the front of each horse stands a soldier, with one hand holding the reins and the other in the pose of pulling a bow.第二十一页，共45页。

Discovery of the Terracotta Army Formation 4A formation of 108 horsemen and 180 saddled horses in 11 rows第二十二页，共45页Discovery of the Terracotta Army Pit No. 3 was also discovered in the summer of 1976. (West of Pit No.1)• 凹 shape, smallest, only 68 warriors inside第二十三页，共45页Discovery of the Terracotta ArmyPit No.4 •An area of about 5,000 sq.m. •located between No.2 and 3第二十四页，共45页Vivid Sculpture•The terracotta warriors and horses caused a sensation upon their discovery, not only because of the impressive size of the army, but also due to the masterful craftsmanship of the sculptures.•Two featuresØLife-size: soldiers about 1.85 meters tall; horses about 1.6 meters in heightØVarious and distinctive: 第二十五页，共45页。

Vivid SculptureVarious and distinctive: •vivid expressions; •distinctive in terms of hairstyle, eyes, eyebrows, nose, lips, ears and beards, showing their individual age, position and personality.第二十六页，共45页Vivid SculptureThe original figures were colorfully painted, but most of the color was lost after long years of burial. 第二十七页，共45页Vivid Sculpture跪射跪射(ɡ ɡuì shè)俑俑A crouching archer, in Pit No. 2, a fine example of sculptural art of the timeHalf-squatting, half-kneelingHair tied in a knotSuits of armor over war robesThe posture clearly shows the tension of the process of shooting第二十八页，共45页。

Vivid Sculpture立射(lì shè)俑头像Head of a standing archer, in Pit No. 2 his eyes observing the enemy in the distanceHighly alert expressions:eyebrows lowered, nostrils slightly flaring ears alert第二十九页，共45页Vivid SculptureHorses (over 600)2 kinds:One for pulling chariotsOne for cavalry steeds第三十页，共45页ExercisespComprehensionpCommunicationpApplication第三十一页，共45页Comprehensionl. Skimming and Scanning Go through the passage quickly and answer the following questions briefly.1) What is the significance of the Terracotta Army of the First Emperor of Qin? It is not only a great legacy of the First Emperor of Qin's military might, but also a superb paradigm of ancient Chinese sculpture.2) Which of the four pits is the largest? How large is it? Pit No. 1 is the largest, with an area of more than 14,000 square meters.第三十二页，共45页。

Comprehension3) What are the four formations in Pit No.2? The four formations in Pit No. 2 are one of archers in the east, one of war chariots to its right, a bigger chariot formation in the middle and a formation of horsemen and saddled horses to the left.4) What was Pit No. 3 probably intended as? Pit No. 3 was probably intended as headquarters of the left, central and right divisions of the entire army.第三十三页，共45页Comprehension5) What is the similarity between Pit No. 3 and Pit No.4? The similarity between Pit No. 3 and Pit No. 4 is that both of them seemed not to have been completed.6) Which aspects of the Terracotta Army impress people deeply? What impress people deeply are the impressive size of the army and the masterful craftsmanship of the sculptures.第三十四页，共45页。

Comprehension7) What is Paragraph 11 mainly about? Paragraph 11 is mainly about the detailed description of the sculptures, showing how vivid they are and how masterful the craftsmanship of the sculptures is.8) How many terracotta horses are there in the three pits? There are more than 600 terracotta horses in the three pits.第三十五页，共45页ComprehensionII Careful Reading?1. Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer to each of the following questions.1)From Paragraph 2, we can infer that ____.A. the Terracotta Army was dug out by villagers in XianyangB. the archeologists discovered the Terracotta Army by chanceC. the warriors and horses were made of potteryD. the Terracotta Army was designed by the First EmperorC第三十六页，共45页。

Comprehension2) Which of the following is NOT found in Pit No. 1? _______ A. Soldiers. B. Commanders. C. Archers. D. Chariots3)The formation of Pit No. I can be divided into ____ main parts. A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5CB第三十七页，共45页Comprehension4. One of the differences between Pit No. 2 and Pit No. 1 is that ____.A. the former has more soldiers than the latterB. the former has more war chariots than the latterC. the soldiers hold more modem weapons in Pit No. 2D. the war chariot was drawn by horses in the former rather than by soldiers as in the latter.B第三十八页，共45页。

Comprehension5) Which of the following is NOT true about Pit No. 3? ______ A. It lies to the west of Pit No. l. B. It looks like in a 凹 shape. C. It has the least warriors among the four pits. D. It was not finished probably.6) The examples in Paragraph 12 are used to illustrate ____. A. how vivid the warriors and horses areB. how impressive the size of the Terracotta Army isC. what kind of suits people wore at that timeD. how attentive the soldiers wereCA第三十九页，共45页Comprehension7)What is implied but not stated in Paragraph 12?A.Each of the archer's hair was tied in a knot.B. The bows and arrows were preserved underground.C. The archers were waiting for the order to shoot.D. The archers were in the half-squatting and half-kneeling posture.8) The sculpture of the horses are made to seem ____. A. alert B. gentle C. fierce D. handsomeCA第四十页，共45页。

Comprehension1) 军阵 battle formation2) 前锋 the front echelon3) 指挥官 commander4) 铠甲(kǎijiǎ) armor5) 后卫 rear guard2. Put the following into English by referring to the passage.6) 战车(zhàn chē) chariot7) 弓箭手 archer8) 骑兵 horseman9) 步兵 foot soldier10) 总指挥部 headquarters第四十一页，共45页CommunicationThe following is a passage about the Terracotta Army. Read it and retell the story in English. 秦始皇从13岁开始，就为自己修建陵墓，这是一项浩大的工程工程先后持续近40年，动用了70多万人，当时全国(quán ɡuó)只有2，000万人，也就是说，全国(quán ɡuó)每十几个成年人中就有一个参加过这项工程。

秦始皇陵可能是地球上有史以来最大的陵墓，它是一座庞大的地下宫殿秦始皇命令，按照他在世时享有的一切来建设这座地下宫殿由此，我们也就对兵马俑追求与真实的兵阵相同的做法不难理解了第四十二页，共45页ApplicationThe Great Wall is one of the great wonders in China, while the Pyramids are regarded as one of the Seven Wonders of the world according to Western historians. What are the great six ones? What do you know about them?第四十三页，共45页Application1.Hanging Gardens of Babylon 巴比伦空中花园(huāyuán)2.The Lighthouse of Alexandria 亚历山大灯塔3.The Colossus of Rhodes 罗德岛太阳神像4.The Statue of Zeus at Olympia 奥林匹克宙斯(zhòu sī)神像5.The Temple of Artemis at Ephesus 阿尔忒弥斯月神庙6.Mausoleum at Halicarnassus (also known as the Mausoleum of Mausolus) 摩索拉斯陵墓第四十四页，共45页。

第四十五页，共45页。