中考英语专项总结定语从句.docx

中考英语专项总结定语从句一.定语从句的功用和结构在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句被定 从句修饰的词叫做先行词定语从句必须放在先行词之后引导 定语从句的关联词有关系代词和关系副词例如：This is the present that he gave me for my birthday.Do you know everybody who came to the party?I still remember the night when I first came to the village?This is the place where Chairman Mao once lived.关系代词和关系副词的功用关系代词和关系副词用来引导定于从句，在先行词和定语从 句之间起纽带作用，使二者联系起来关系代词和关系副词又在 定语从句中充当一个成分关系待客做主语，宾语，定语，关系 副词可作状语1 .作主语：关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的 人称和数须和先行词一致例如：I don't like people who talk much but do little.The cars which are produced in Hubei Province sell very well.2 .作宾语：She is the person that I met at the school gate yesterday.The book that my grandmother gave me is called “The GreatEscape;3 .作定语关系代词whose在定语从句中作定语用。

例如：Whafs the name of the young man whose sister is a doctor?The girl whose father is a teacher studies very hard.4 .作状语111 never forget the day when I first came to Beijing.This is the house where I was born.三.各个关系代词和关系副词的具体用法1. who指人，在定语从句中作主语例如：The person who broke the window must pay for it.The boy who is wearing the black jacket is very clever.2. whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语例如：Do you know the young man (whom) we met at the gate?Mr. Lee (whom) you want to see has come.3. whose指人，在定语从句中作定语例如：The girl whose mother is ill is staying at home today.I know the boy whose father is a professor.4. which指物，在定语从中作主语或宾语。

例如：A dictionary is a book which gives the meaning of words.Here is the book (which) the teacher mentioned yesterday.5. that多指物，有时也指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语例如: rve read the newspaper that(which) carries the important news.Who is the person that is reading the newspaper over there?6. when指时间，在定语从句中作状语例如：111 never forget the time when we worked on the farm.He arrived in Beijing on the day when I left.7. where指地点，在定语从句中作状语例如：This is the house where we lived last year.The factory where his father works is in the east of the city.whom, which在定语从句中作介词宾语时，可以和介词一 起放于先行词与定语从句之间，有时为了关系紧凑也可以将 whom与which与先行词紧挨着书写，而将介词置于定语从句 的后面，如：That was the room in which we had lived for ten years. = That was the roomwhich we had lived in for ten years.五.具体使用时还要注意以下问题1 .只能使用that,不用which的情况：(1)先行词是 all, few, little, nothing, everything, anything 等不 定代词时。

例如：All that he said is true.(2)先行词被only, no, any, all,等词修饰时例如：He is the only foreigner that has been to that place.(3)先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰的词例如：He was the second (person) that told me the secret.(4)先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰的词This is the best book (that) I have read this year.(5)先行词既包括人又包括物时例如：He talked about the people and the things he remembered.2 .只能用which,不用that的情况：(1)在非限制性定语从中例如：The meeting was put off, which was exactly what we wanted.(2)定语从句由介词+关系代词引导，先行词是物时例如:The thing about which he is talking is of great importance.。