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英语中常见的倒装结构(共3页).doc

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  • 常见问题
    • 英语中常见的倒装结构 一、英语中构成疑问句(除对主语或主语之定语提问的特殊疑问句外),通常须使用倒装结构,这是语法结构的需要例如:   1.When are we going to drink to your happiness?我们什么时候喝你们的喜酒?   2.Have you seen the film?你看了那部电影吗?   3.Have you anything like that?   在美国英语中常见:Do you have anything like that?你有那样的东西吗? 二、以副词here,there,off,out,away等开头的句子,主要是表示感叹语气的句子,当其主语为名词时,通常要使用倒装例如:   4. Here comes our teacher!你们的老师来了!   5.Away went the boy to the school!那男孩子到学校里去了!   6.Off goes the woman!那个女人走了! 三、当构成关联从属连词so...that的so位于句首时,往往要使用倒装结构。

      例如:   7.So loudly did the students read that people could hear them out in the street.同学们大声读书,人们在街上都听得见(他们的读书声)   8.So small were the words that he could hardly see them.字那么小,他几乎看不见 四、以引导词there开头的句子,须使用倒装结构例如:  (A) 表示“……有……”之概念的“There+ be+主语”结构:   9. There are three books on the desk.桌上有三本书   10.There were something in the box.箱子里有东西  (B) 用于正式文体,特别是文学作品中的 "there+不及物动词十主语" 结构,当主语不明确而又是一个很长的名词短语时,往往使用这种结构:   11.There entered a strange little man.走进来一个奇怪而身材又矮小的人。

        12. Once there lived an old fisherman in a village by the sea.从前,海边的一个村子里住着一位老渔夫 在叙述性和描绘性的书面语中,这种结构若带有地点状语,而且把这种状语放在句首时,可以用省略there的倒装结构如:   13.In the cottage lives a family of six.在这幢小茅舍里住着一家六口 五、当平时一般不放在句首的状语,为了强调起见而放在句首时,使用倒装结构例如:   14. Near the bridge was an old cottage.在桥的附近有一幢古老的小茅舍   15.Well do I remember the day I saw a wild tiger.见到一只猛虎的那一天,我记得很清楚 六、当直接引语的一部分或者全部位于句首时,引述分句的主语又是名词或名词短语,该引述分句常用倒装结构例如:   16. "What shall we do?" said the teacher."“我们怎么呢?”老师说。

        17、 "Great!" said my father." "I'll go there.""好极了!" 我父亲说我将到那里去 七、某些让步状语从句往往把表语提到主语前面或放在句首,以构成倒装结构例如:   18. No matter how interesting the book is,he doesn't like to read it.(语序是:No matter how+表语十主语十系动词be)不管这本书多有趣,他都不想看   19.However hard a solid may be,we can change its shape.(语序是: However+表语+主语+系动词be)不管一个固体有多硬,我们都可以改变其形状   20.Young as he is, he knows some of the family secrets.(语序是:表语十as+代词作主语十系动词be)尽管他年纪小,他却知道家里的一些秘密。

        21.Difficult as the work was (或:Difficult as was the work),it was finished in time.(语序是:表语十as十名词作主语十系动词be,或:表语+as+系动词be+名词作主语)工作虽然困难,还是及时完成了 注:(1) 用as引导的让步状语从句,表语应放在as之前(例20和例21);如果主语是代词,主语就要放在系动词be之前例20;如果主语是名词,则主语可以放在系动词be之前或后,如例21 (2) 用as引导的让步状语从句中,如果谓语是“助动词+主要动词原形”,则应把主要动词原形放在as之前,其语序为:主要动词原形+as+主语十助动词例如:   22. Try as I might, Icould not lift the stone.尽管我用尽力气,我还是举不起这块石头 八、有些表示“感叹、祝愿”等语气的句子,也可使用倒装结构。

      例如:   23.Isn't it cold!天气真冷!   24.Was I surprised!我真感到惊奇!   25.May "both be happy!" 祝你们两位幸福!常用的部分倒装句型有以下几个: 1.so置于句首表示“也如此”时如:I like swimming in winter. So do I.2.neither / Nor do sb.置于句首表示“也不”时如:"Did you enjoy that trip?" "I'm afraid not.and neither did my classmates.3.句首状语由only+副词/介词短语/状语从句引导时如: Only when you reach eighteen can you join the army.4.句首为否定词not, nevwer, little ,seldom, hardly, nowhere, not until等如: Little does he care about what others think.5.not only...but also...;neither...nor...连接并列句时。

      如: Not only was the city polluted but the streets were crowded.6.使用hardly...when...,no sooner...than...而hardly,no sooner位于句首时如: No sooner had he gone to than he fell asleep.7.以so开头的so...that句型中如:So loudly did the students read their lessons that people could hear them out in the street.8.不带连接词if的虚拟条件句中如: Were I your position, I would not go.以上是高中阶段常用的部分倒装句型,也是高考中的难点和重点由于空间没有给大量的练习请原谅如果有什么其它问题请来信。

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