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虎掌南星生品及不同炮制品指纹图谱和5种核苷类成分含量的比较研究.docx

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    • 虎掌南星生品及不同炮制品指纹图谱和5种核苷类成分含量的比较研究 曹淼淼 朱建光 张振凌 杜莉杰 杨佳宁摘 要 目的:建立虎掌南星生品及不同工藝炮制品的指纹图谱,并测定其中5种核苷类成分的含量,比较生品与不同炮制品之间成分的差异方法:分别以虎掌南星生品、河南省中药饮片炮制规范制品(简称“《规范》炮制品”)和产地加工炮制一体化新工艺炮制品(简称“一体化新工艺炮制品”)(各12份)为考察样品,采用高效液相色谱(HPLC)法进行分析[色谱柱为SymmetryShield RP18,流动相为乙腈(A)-0.1%乙酸(B)水溶液(梯度洗脱),流速为0.8 mL/min,柱温为30 ℃,检测波长为270 nm,进样量为15 ?L]应用《中药色谱指纹图谱相似度评价系统》(2004A版)软件分别建立3种虎掌南星样品的HPLC指纹图谱并进行相似度评价;通过与对照品图谱比较对色谱峰进行指认同时,对其中5种核苷类成分(腺嘌呤、次黄嘌呤、尿苷、黄嘌呤、肌苷)进行定量分析,并采用SPSS 21.0软件对36份样品进行聚类分析结果:指纹图谱及含量测定的方法学考察结果均符合相关要求3种样品与其各自对照指纹图谱的相似度均大于0.990。

      在虎掌南星生品中确定了22个共有峰,在2种炮制品中均确定了16个共有峰(2种炮制品中消失的6个峰相同);指认出了3种样品中均含有的5种核苷类成分,分别为腺嘌呤(3号峰)、次黄嘌呤(7号峰)、尿苷(8号峰)、黄嘌呤(9号峰)、肌苷(11号峰)含量测定结果显示,2种炮制品中5种核苷类成分的总含量均降低,总含量高低排序为生品>一体化新工艺炮制品>《规范》炮制品聚类分析结果显示,36份样品可聚为2类,其中生品单独聚为一类,2种炮制品聚为另一类结论:本研究建立的方法稳定、可行,可用于虎掌南星生品及不同炮制品的质量评价虎掌南星经炮制后指纹图谱发生了明显变化,5种核苷类成分的总含量均降低,但一体化新工艺炮制品中总含量略高于《规范》炮制品关键词 虎掌南星;指纹图谱;含量测定;炮制工艺;核苷类成分;聚类分析ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: To establish the fingerprint of raw products and different processed products of Pinellia pedatisecta, to determine the contents of 5 kinds of nucleosides, and to compare the differences of components between the raw products and processed products. METHODS: P. pedatisecta raw products, processed products by Processing Standard of Chinese Medicine in Henan Province (called “Standard processed product” for short) and processed products by new integrated processing technology in the production area (called “new integrated processed product” for short) were collected as investigation objects (12 batches of each). The determination was performed on SymmetryShield RP18 column with mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile (A)-0.1% acetic acid aqueous water solution (B) (gradient elution) at the flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, with the column temperature of 30 ℃, the detection wavelength of 270 nm, and the injection volume of 15 ?L. HPLC fingerprints of 3 kinds of P. pedatisecta samples were established by using Similarity Evaluation System of TCM Chromatographic Fingerprints (2004 A version) , and the similarity of fingerprints was evaluated. The chromatographic peaks were identified by comparing with the reference chromatogram. Five nucleosides (adenine, hypoxanthine, uridine, xanthine, inosine) were quantitatively analyzed. SPSS 21.0 software was used for cluster analysis of 36 batches of samples. RESULTS: The results of fingerprint and content determination met the relevant requirements. The similarity of 3 kinds of sample with their control fingerprint were all greater than 0.990. There were 22 common peaks in the raw products of P. pedatisecta, and 16 common peaks were identified in the 2 kinds of processed products (the same 6 peaks disappeared from 2 kinds of processed products). Five components were identified in 3 kinds of samples, such as adenine (peak 3), hypoxanthine (peak 7), uridine (peak 8), xanthine (peak 9) and inosine (peak 11). Results of content determination showed that total contents of 5 kinds of nucleosides in 2 kinds of processed products were all decreased; the contents of them in descending order was raw product>new integrated processed products>Standard processed products. Results of cluster analysis showed that 36 batches of samples could be clustered into 2 categories, i.e. raw product was clustered into one category and 2 kinds of processed products into other one. CONCLUSIONS: Established method is stable, feasible and suitable for the quality evaluation of raw products and different processed products of P. pedatisecta. Fingerprints have changed significantly and the total content of 5 kinds of nucleosides in P. pedatisecta are all decreased after processing, but that of new integrated processed products is slightly higher than that of Standard processed products.KEYWORDS Pinellia pedatisecta; Fingerprint; Content determination; Processing technology; Nucleosides; Cluster analysis虎掌南星系天南星科半夏属植物掌叶半夏(Pinellia pedatisecta Schott)的干燥块茎,具有燥湿化痰、祛风解痉、消痞散结的作用[1],河南禹州、河北安国等地为其主要道地产地[2]。

      虎掌南星中的主要化学成分包括生物碱类[3]、多糖类[4]、核苷类[5]、凝集素类[6-7]和氨基酸类[8],具有祛痰[9]、抗衰老[10]、鎮静[11]、镇痛[12]、抗白血病[13]、抗肿瘤[14]等药理作用,临床上常用于治疗冠心病、免疫疾病和多种癌症其中的核苷类成分属于广义的生物碱,在虎掌南星中含量较高且药理作用明显[15]虎掌南星生品有毒,炮制后不仅可降低其毒性、增强其祛痰作用,还可延长戊巴比妥钠致小鼠睡眠的时间[16],并且炮制后还具有促进凝血作用[17]目前,2015年版《中国药典》(一部)尚未收载此药材或其炮制品,但在《河南省中药饮片炮制规范》(2005年版)(以下简称“《规范》”)[18]中收载有制虎掌南星按照《规范》中记载,制虎掌南星是以虎掌南星生品(鲜品经除杂、去皮、洗净、干燥等产地加工后所得)为原材料进行加工炮制,且在炮制过程中需多次用水浸泡,这可能会造成水溶性有效成分(如核苷类成分等)流失,从而影响其药效目前,国内有关制虎掌南星的报道多是由虎掌南星生品加工炮制而成,而由虎掌南星鲜品直接加工炮制的相关研究甚少,且未见不同炮制工艺对虎掌南星中核苷类成分含量影响的报道,炮制前后化学成分结构及含量的变化也未明确。

      本课题组前期建立了产地加工炮制一体化新工艺(以下简称“一体化新工艺”),该工艺则以虎掌南星鲜品为原材料直接进行炮制,减少了传统炮制工艺中繁琐的浸泡等水处理过程[19]因中药指纹图谱是对中药物质群整体作用的反映,能够成为中药自身的“化学条形码”,是一种综合分析多种成分的有效手段,可为药材的分类和饮片质量提供参考[20]因此,本研究在前期研究基础上,进一步通过建立虎掌南星生品及不同工艺炮制品的高效液相色谱(HPLC)指纹图谱,对其中5种共有的核苷类成分进行含量测定,并结合聚类分析,探究虎掌南星生品及不同炮制品之间的成分差异,为其炮制工艺的优化提供参考1 材料1.1 仪器LC-20AD型HPLC仪(日本Shimadzu公司);PS224S型万分之一天平(北京赛多利斯科学仪器有限公司);YP10002型电子天平(上海衡际科学仪器有限公司);GTR16-2型高速离心机(北京时代北利离心机有限公司);KQ-500DV型数控超声波清洗机(昆山市超声仪器有限公司);DTC-22型隔膜真空泵(巩义市英峡予华仪器厂);UPT-Ⅱ-10T型优普系列超纯水器(成都超纯科技有限公司)。

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