髋关节解剖ppt培训课件.ppt

髋 关 节 解 剖,解 剖,股骨上端 和 髋 臼,股骨上端和髋臼,关节盂唇,关节盂唇,股骨头圆韧带,髋骨,关节囊,股动脉,股深动脉,股动脉侧支,股骨,股动脉转子间交会支,股动脉迂回交会支,股骨上端和髋臼,股直肌：直头,股直肌：反折头,关节透明 软骨：半月面,关节盂唇,股骨头圆韧带,髋臼横韧带,关节囊,股骨上端 – 主要动脉,Femoral Artery 股动脉,Femoral Artery: Superficial Epigastric Artery 股动脉: 腹上浅动脉,External Iliac Artery 髂外动脉,Lateral Circumflex Femoral Artery: Ascending Branch 股动脉侧支: 上升支,Lateral Circumflex Femoral Artery: Transverse Branch 股动脉侧支: 横行支,Lateral Circumflex Femoral Artery: Descending Branch 股动脉侧支: 下降支,Arteria Profunda Femoris 股深动脉,,,,,,,,Femoral Vein 股静脉,External Iliac Vein髂外静脉,Lateral Circumflex Femoral Vein: Ascending Branch 股静脉侧支: 上升支,Lateral Circumflex Femoral Vein: Transverse Branch 股静脉侧支: 横行支,Lateral Circumflex Femoral Vein: Descending Branch 股静脉侧支: 下降支,Lateral Circumflex Femoral Vein 股静脉侧支,,,,,,,股骨上端 – 主要静脉,,,,Acetabulum Viewed from Medial Side 髋臼内侧面观,髂骨,坐骨,耻骨,,,髂前下棘,坐骨体,髋臼缘,耻骨上支,耻骨结节,臀肌下线,髋臼窝,髋臼切迹,月状面,髂前下棘,坐骨结节,坐骨支,耻骨体,耻骨下支,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Acetabulum 髋 臼,坐骨体,,,,,,,,,,大粗隆,转子间嵴,臀肌粗隆,转节窝,股骨头,股骨颈,小粗隆,螺旋线,梳状线,股骨上端后面观,股骨头,股骨颈,小粗隆,大粗隆,转子间线,螺旋线,,,,,,,股骨上端前面观,髂嵴,髂骨,股骨头,股骨颈,大粗隆,,,,,,小粗隆,坐骨,耻骨,,,髋臼盂唇,,,股骨上端- 主要骨性标志,Ischiofemoral Lig.坐股韧带,Inguinal Lig.腹股沟韧带,Pubofemoral Lig.耻股韧带,Anterior (ventral) sacro-iliac Lig.骶髂前韧带,,,,,股骨上端 – 肌肉和韧带,Iliofemoral Lig. 髂股韧带,,Iliolumbar Lig. - Lumbasacral Band 髂腰韧带-腰骶束,,股骨上端 – 肌肉和韧带,关节囊,Iliopectineal Bursa (Iliac Subtendinous Bursa)髂耻窝,Obturator Externus 闭孔外肌,,,,股骨上端 – 肌肉和韧带,Pectineus 梳状肌,Adductor Magnus内收大肌,Gracilis股薄肌,,,,股骨上端 – 肌肉和韧带,Gluteus Minimus 臀小肌,Conjoined Muscle and Tendon of Psoas Major and Iliacus 腰大肌和髂肌的联合肌腱,Adductor Brevis 内收短肌,Psoas Major 腰大肌,Iliacus 髂肌,,,,,,股骨上端 – 肌肉和韧带,Gluteus Medius臀中肌,Gluteus Minimus臀小肌,Vastus Intermedius股中间肌,Pectineus 耻骨肌,股内侧肌,Adductor Longus 内收长肌,,,,,,,股骨上端 – 肌肉和韧带,Gluteus Medius 臀中肌,Gluteus Minimus 臀小肌,Gluteus Maximus臀大肌,Vastus Lateralis股外侧肌,Pectineus耻骨肌,Rectus Femoris 股直肌,Sactorius 缝匠肌,,,,,,,,股骨上端 – 肌肉和韧带,,,,,,,,,外翻股骨,中间股骨,内翻股骨,Coxa Valga >125°,Neutral 125°,Coxa Vara <125°,,,,Femoral Neck Angles 股骨颈干角,,,,骨骺,干骺端,,,骨干,,,峡部,,,骨骺,干骺端,股骨上端,- 解 剖 学- 位置, 面和方向术语,Anatomy- Positions, Planes & Directional Terms,Anatomy – Positions 解剖学 – 体位,Supine Position 仰卧位,Anatomic Position解剖位,Anatomy – Planes 解剖学- 面,Sagittal plane矢状面,Transverse plane横断面,Front or coronal plane冠状面,Anatomy – Planes 解剖学- 面,Frontal – horizontal axis冠状- 水平轴,Longitudinal axis纵轴,Sagittal - horizontal axis矢状-水平轴,Anatomy - Directional Terms 解剖学-方向术语,后,前,内,远端,近端,上,中线,外,下,Anatomy - Directional Terms 解剖学-方向术语,Adduction - Movement of an appendage towards the midline内收 – 肢体由外侧向中线运动,Abduction - Movement of an appendage away from the midline外展 -肢体由中线向外侧运动,Anatomy - Directional Terms 解剖学-方向术语,Extension - Movement that increases the angle at a joint伸展 -在关节中角度增大的运动,Flexion - Movement that decreases the angle at a joint屈曲 – 在关节中角度减小的运动,Anatomy - Directional Terms 解剖学-方向术语,Combination of Extension and Abduction外展和伸展联合运动,Combination of Extension and Adduction内收和伸展联合运动,Anatomy - Directional Terms 解剖学-方向术语,Medial Rotation外旋,Lateral Rotation内旋,旋转（ Rotation ）- 围绕关节的纵轴旋转。

可以在枢轴或球窝关节中见到 环转 （ Circumduction ）– 仅在球窝关节中见到一个肢体通过环转运动形成一个圆锥形空间关节远端形成圆锥形的底部，近端成为圆锥形的尖。