
情态动词归纳表(教师用)(共3页).doc
3页精选优质文档-----倾情为你奉上 情态动词归纳表情态V词义&用法注意事项特殊用法can could1.表具备某种能力Can表现在能力;Could表示过去能力.可用be able to代替;was/were able to to表示成功做了某事 (1) 表惊异、怀疑、不相信、不耐烦等此意常用于否定句、疑问句或惊叹句语气)Can/Could this be true?(2)can not…too\enough表示"无论怎样``````也不过分","越``````越好":You can't be too careful.2.表请求和允许①请求用could 语气委婉②允许不用 could.3. 表“可能性”1 can用于否定和疑问句(could不限)2 can (be)表示有时候会(常与sometimes, at times 连用)maymight 1.表请求和允许①请求用might语气更委婉②允许时用may,表示“可以”(表示允许时不用might)1)may/might well+V原形:表"完全可能,,很可能"= be very likely to:He may well be proud for his son.(2)may/might as well+V原形:"最好,满可以,倒不如"You may as well stay here over night.2.表可能性“也许”此意常用于肯定句。
might可能最小)3表祝愿固定句型为“May+主语+V原型”:May you succeed! must1.表“必须”1 must多表主观、现在/将来义务; have to多表客观、过去义务2 mustn't表"禁止";否定用needn't / don't have to(1) 表示必然结果:All men must die.人固有一死2)表示一种与说话人愿望相反、不耐烦的感情色彩,可译为“一定要、偏偏、非要”:If you must know, her name is Mary.2.表推测:“肯定是、准是”只用于肯定句在否定句/疑问句中用can/couldwillwould1.表意愿,决心等Would此时为will过去式,无意义差别(1) will表命令(说话者确定命令一定会得到执行)或允诺:You will report to me afterwards.(命令)They will get enough money from me.(允诺)(2) 可用于祈使句附加疑问句(反义疑问句):(此时would比will委婉) Don’t go now, will you?(3) would短语:would rather/would prefer宁愿;would like/would love喜欢/想要(见注意①)2.表经常性,习惯性,倾向性,Would表过去反复的动作/某种倾向(相对于used to无“现已无此习惯”之义。
)3.表功能,性质叙述真理:The tree will leave without water for 3 months.4.表估计:“想必,大概”(只时态区别)此意表对目前事物的预料That will be the postman ringing.(would表示过去/现在;will表示现在/将来)5. 表“请求/要求”(Will you?)此意用于疑问句,常与you连用Will you give me a piece of paper?shall /shan’t1.表征求意见(“好不好”)用在第一、三人称Shall the reporters wait outside or what?点2其他示例:He shall have the book when I finish reading.(允诺) You shall fail if you don't work harder.(警告)You shall come at once.(命令)2.表允诺、威胁、警告、命令或根据规定有义务做用于第二、第三人称Passengers shall not talk with the driver while the bus is moving3.表规章、法令、预言:“必须”用于所有人称Every competitor shall wear a numbershouldought to1.表示道义上的责任,义务或要求,有时表示劝告:You ought to /should pay more attention to what your lawyer says.(1)should 用于疑问句中表示说话人对某事不能理解,惋惜,感到意外,赞叹,愤怒、惊异等感情,意为“竟会”,有时也用于陈述句中(2)Should还可以用在if引导的条件从句,表示一件事听起来可能性很小,但也不是完全没有可能,相当于“万一”的意思。
见注意②)2.表示推测和可能性,是“ (按理说)应该”之意肯定的语气没有must用于推测时强This pen ought to /should be yours. 3.表示说话人的一种谦逊,客气,委婉的语气此意常用于第一人称时:You are mistaken , I should say . (依我看你是搞错了)注:情态动词在表推测的肯定程度是不一样的按最有把握到最没把握排列,这几个词的顺序是;must—will—would—should—can—could—may—might【情态动词(Modal Verbs )】* 情态动词也可称为“情态助动词 (Modal Auxiliaries)”,因为它和基本助动词(be, do, have)都属于助动词类 情态动词和其他动词连用,可表示说话人的语气 情态动词可表达建议、要求、可能和意愿等 情态动词没有人称和数的变化 * 常用的情态动词有:can, could, may, might, must, shall, should, will, would这九大情态动词;其他的还有ought to, need, dare 等时态部分:be表示对现在的推测 have done表示对过去的推测 be doing表示对正在进行的推测中考考点情态动词练习1. -Mum, may I watch TV now? -Sure, but you ________ help me with my English.A. can B. may C. must D. couldC.这组对话的意思是:"妈妈,我现在可以看电视吗?""当然,但你必须帮我学英语。
"该题测试情态动词的用法表示主观上看来"必须"要做的事,要用must.2. -________ I download the article again? -No, you needn't. A. Shall B. Will C. Must D. Can C.这组对话的意思是:"我必须再次下载这篇文章吗?""不必了"该题测试情态动词的用法根据No, you needn't. 3. -Can you go skating with us this afternoon? -Sorry, I can't. I ________ take care of my little sister at home.A. can B. may C. would D. have toD.这组对话的意思是:"今天下午你能同我们一块去溜冰吗?""抱歉,我不能去我必须在家照看我小妹妹"该题测试情态动词的用法表示客观上"不得不"做某事时,要用have to.4. -Must I hand in my exercise book today? -No, you ________. A. can't B. needn't C. mustn't D. won'tB.这组对话的意思是:"我必须今天交作业吗?""不必。
"该题测试情态动词的用法对以must开头的问句进行否定回答时,要用needn't.5. -May I have a word with you? -No, you _____. I'm busy today.A. needn't B. wouldn't C. don't have to D. can'tD.这组对话的意思是:"我可以跟你说句话吗?""不行,我今天很忙" 该题测试情态动词的用法对May开头的问句进行否定回答时,通常用can't或may not来回答6. -________I have your English name, please -Yes, Helen. H-E-L-E-N. A. Must B. May C. Will D. NeedB.这组对话的意思是:"我可以知道您的英文名字吗""可以,海伦H-E-L-E-N."该题测试情态动词的用法"请求对方许可"时,常用 May I (we)…7. -Who is the boy over there? Is it John? -No, it ________ be him. John is much taller.A. mustn't B. may not C. can't D. needn'tC.这组对话的意思是:"那边的那个男生是谁?是约翰吗?""那不可能是他,约翰个子高些。
"该题测试情态动词的用法表示很肯定的否定推测时,用can't.8. -Can you play Frisbee, Jay? -Yes, I ________. It's easy. A. must B. can C. need D. mayB.这组对话的意思是:"杰伊,你会扔飞盘吗?""会,小菜一碟"该题测试情态动词的用法一般说来,以情态动词can开头的问句,肯定回答用can;否定回答用can't.9.-You must come back every month. -Yes, I ________. A. will B. must C. should D. canA.此题易误选为B或C.这是因为受了思维定势的影响引起的,因为前面句子中的must这个词,许多人就想当然地选择了B项其实,这里应该选择A项,句意为:"你必须每月回来一次""好的,我会的"10. She ________ know the answer, but I'm not sure. A. maybe B. may be C. may D. mustA.maybe是副词,意为"可能;也许",在句中作状语。
may be是两个不同的词,其中,may是情态动词,be是连系动词,在句中作谓语11. - Must we clean the room right now? - No, you. A needn't表示"没有必要" You may clean it after lunch.A. needn't;may B. needn't; must C. M。












