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Unit 4　I want to be an actor1.shop cn. 商店（Br.E） = store （Am.E）　　1） shop assistant – 店员 （英）　　assistant --- helper（助理,助手,副手）　　salesman / saleswoman男 /女售货员（美）　　2）shopkeeper （店主）　　shop的派生词有：　　shopper 购物者　　shop lifter 商店扒手 shop lifting 入店扒窃　　shopping bag 购物袋　　shopping center 购物中心（常在郊外，有设施完善的停车场，生活必需品相当齐备）　　shopping mall 大型购物中心　　window shopping 逛街　　do some shopping 买东西　　go shopping 去购物　　“动词 + er = 发出动作的人”，是一种构词法　　report = reporter, 　　clean —cleaner,　　run —runner, 　　　　 teach — teacher,　　think— thinker,　　　 write—writer,　　work— worker, 　　　　wait — waiter,　　drive —driver,　　　　sing —singer,　　swim — swimmer, 　　　read — reader,　　speak — speaker, 　　 lead — leader,　　dance —dancer, 　　　 paint —painter…　　有少数几个是加or。

　　actor男演员 ，visitor参观者，inventor 发明者　　后缀“-or”“-er”尽管写法不一样，但是发音一样　　2.police n 警方（集合名词）　　the police 为复数名词　　1）警方正在找那个丢失的孩子　　The police are looking for the lost boy.　　policeman / policewoman　　policemen / policewomen　　2）当警察很令人激动　　It’s exciting to be a policeman.　　3.waiter / waitress 侍者,服务员/女服务员　　actor / actress演员,男演员 / 女演员　　4.station 车站,政府机关的署,局　　电视台, 电台, 警察局　　TV station, radio station, police station　　火车站 汽车站　　railway station, bus station　　她的妈妈在一家电视台当记者　　Her mother works as a reporter in the TV station.　　5.uniform cn.　　（军人、学生、警察等的）制服　　1）学生在上学的日子里要穿校服。

　　Students have to wear （school） uniforms on school days.　　2）他穿着制服　　He is in uniform.= He is wearing a uniform.　　6.dress n. 女长裙，晚礼服vt. 使…穿上　　表示动作的词组：　　dress sb. / oneself　　put on one’s clothes　　1）他穿上衣服出去了　　He dressed himself and went out.　　=He put on his clothes and went out.　　2）这位妈妈每天都给她的孩子穿衣服　　The mother dresses the baby every day.　　表示状态的词组有：　　wear clothes / long hair/ short hair /a smile / glasses　　3）在学校男孩不能留长发　　Boys can’t wear long hair in school.　　4）她面带笑容地进来了　　She came in, wearing a smile （on her face）.　　=She came in, with a smile on her face.　　have on + clothes （没有进行时）　　5）今天他穿了一件新毛衣。

　　He has a new sweater on today.　　=He has on a new sweater today.　　=He is wearing a new sweater today.　　be dressed in +颜色/样式； be in +颜色/样式　　6）她今天穿着红色的衣服　　She is dressed in red today.=She is in red today.　　=She is wearing red clothes.　　=She has red clothes on today.　　=She has on red clothes today.　　7.dangerous （adj.） 危险的 / safe 安全的　　处于危险中　　be in danger （n.）　　1）警察的工作是帮助处在危险中的人们，所以当警察是危险的　　The policeman’s job is helping people in danger, so it’s dangerous to be a policeman.　　8.late adv. 晚,迟　　工作到很晚； 起得很晚；　　work late; sleep late=get up late;　　熬到很晚； 来得晚　　stay up late; come late　　adj. 迟的,晚的　　be late for sth.　　1）老师经常告诉我们上学不要迟到。

　　The teacher often tells us not to be late for school.　　2）你最好不要上学迟到　　You’d better not be late for school.　　9.sometimes“有时候”，可放句首、句末、句中　　1）有时候我和父母一起去公园散步　　Sometimes I take a walk in the park with my parents.　　2）他有时在家看电视　　He sometimes watches TV at home.　　sometime 将来某时　　3）我希望明年某个时候去海南　　I hope to go to Hainan sometime next year.　　some time 一段时间　　4）如果他想买那辆车，还得等一段时间　　If he wants to buy that car, he’ll have to wait for some time.　　some times （正式文体中无此用法）　　几次 很多次　　several times many times　　5）我去过长城好几次了　　I have been to the Great Wall several times.　　6）他试了很多次，最后终于成功了。

　　He tried it many times and at last he succeeded.　　10.hard adj. 坚硬的；严厉的；困难的　　1）这是个很难解决的问题　　It’s a hard nut to crack.　　2）不要对他太严厉了，毕竟他还是个小孩子　　Don’t be too hard on him. After all, he is a little child.　　3）对于她来说按时完成这项工作很困难　　It’s hard for her to finish the work on time.　　adv. 努力地；剧烈地；困难地　　4）他学习很努力/刻苦　　He studies very hard.　　5）那天雪下得很大　　It snowed hard that day.　　6）那个病人呼吸很困难　　The patient is breathing hard.　　hardly adv. 几乎不　　7）他家离学校不远，他几乎不坐车上学　　His home is not far from the school, so he hardly goes to school by bus.　　11.teach sb. sth. （双宾语）　　1）陈老师教我们历史。

　　Mr. Chen teaches us history.　　teach sb. to do sth.　　2）谁教的你骑车？　　Who taught you to ride a bike?　　teach sb. how to do sth.　　3）你能教我如何使用这台电脑吗？　　Can you teach me how to use the computer?　　12.skill n. 技能，技巧　　1）在足球上他表现出了非常熟练的技巧　　He shows great skill at soccer.　　skillful adj. =skilful （Br.E） 熟练的，巧妙的　　2）她擅长画画　　She is skillful in / at drawing.　　=She is good at drawing.　　听、说、读、写技能　　listening skills / speaking skills　　reading skills / writing skills　　13.sir. madam　　Dear Sir or Madam，　　Mr. Mrs. Ms. Miss.　　Dear Mr. / Mrs. /Ms. /Miss Smith,　　Almost everyone knows the meanings of Mr., Mrs., and Miss.　　Mr. is used before the name of men. Mrs. is for married women and Miss is for single women.　　But what is Ms.?　　For some time, businessmen in the United States have used Ms. before a woman’s name when they do not know whether the woman is married or not. Today, however, many women prefer （更喜欢） to use Ms. rather than Mrs. or Miss.　　The word Mr. does not tell us whether or not a man is married. Many women think this is an advantage for men .They want to be equal to men。