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英文摘要常用句型.doc

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    • 医学论文英文摘要常用句型Foreign Medicine 2007-11-27 20:51:33 阅读 106 评论 1 字号:大中小 英文摘要限 500 个实词左右,一般须以第三人称过去式叙述用词准确,逻辑性强,结构严谨结果和结论一般用句子表达;而目的、方法(设计、地点和对象)等,则常用短语表达1)英文摘要的时态与语态1)说明研究目的,通常用一般现在时或一般过去时 2)说明方法和结果,一般用一般过去时、第三人称的被动语态表达3)结论通常用一般现在时、被动语态表达,也可用主动语态表达2)常用句型1)表达论文内容的常用句型A 第三人称主动态①This paper(article,report)describes…本文叙述…②This paper (article)reports…本文报告…③This report(paper,article)presents…本文介绍…④This paper(article,report)discusses…本文讨论…常用的动词还有 analyze(分析) ,evaluate(评价) ,compare(比较),describe(描述)等B 第一人称主动态⑤We report(on)… 我们报告 …⑥We describe a case of… 我们描述 1 例…⑦In this paper,we present… 本文介绍…⑧In this paper,we report… 本文报告…主语除 we 之外,还可用 the authors(作者) 等。

      C 一般现在时被动语态⑨A case is reported in which… 本文报告 1 例…⑩A study of…is reported 本文报告…的研究⑧…is(are)described. 本文描述…⑥In this paper.…is(are)presented. 本文介绍…2)表达目的常用句型A 一般过去时、被动语态①The purpose(aim ,objective) of this study was to… 本研究旨在…②The goal(aim) of this investigation was to… 本研究旨在 …③This study was designed to… 本研究旨在…④This study was undertaken to… 本研究旨在…⑤This prospective study was performed to… 本前瞻性研究的目的是…⑥A study to…was carried out(during) ( 在…期间)所作研究的目的是…⑦An attempt has been made to… 为了…而作试验B 动词不定式短语To evaluate,report,investigate ,study ,analyze…C 一般过去时、主动语态⑧We(the authors)conducted a study to… 为了…我们进行了研究⑨To determine… ,we studied… 为了确定…,我们研究了 …⑩In an attempt to…,in an effort to…或 in order to…, we carried out a pilot study… 为了…,我们进行了…的初步研究 表示目的的常用动词有:evaluate( 评价),examine(检查,观察 ),determine(确定,查明),elucidate(阐明),explore(探索) ,test( 测试) ,compare(比较),estimate(评估) ,assess( 估价) ,investigate(调查)等。

      3)表达方法的常用句型A 方法表达研究类型 Prospective, Retrospective, Cohort,Case-control,in vivo, in vitro①Using…(technique),we studied… 我们用…( 技术)研究了…②Using…,it was found that… ( 我们)用…发现了…③…was(were)measured using… (我们) 用…测定了…④…was(were)analyzed (reviewed) by… (我们) 用…分析(回顾)了…⑤…was(were)treated with… ( 我们)用…治疗了…⑥…measurements were made of… 测定了…常用的动词还有:study, measure,determine, investigate,isolate ,demonstrate,examine ,identify 等B 分组(主语通常为 patients,subjects,animals)⑦…were randomly divided (grouped) into…groups …被随机分成…组⑧…were separated into…groups based on… 根据…,将…分成…组⑨The groups were as follows: 分组如下:C 治疗或检查方法⑩… was performed(used) in (on)…patients 我们对…患者施行(应用)了…(patients) underwent…endoscopy (患者)进行了…内镜检查Surgical procedures, assay(immunohistochemistry, molecular biology…) 手术方法,测试方法…C 统计学方法Statistical methods: Student’s t test, χ2 … was used for4)表达结果的常用句型A 一般句型①The results showed (demonstrated) that…结果表明…②It was found that… (我们) 发现…③It was observed that… (我们)观察到…第②和③句也可改为第一人称:We found that… 和 We observed that…。

      B 增加或减少④…decreased by(40%)… 降低(40 %)…⑤…(a 70%) reduction in…was observed …观察到…降低(70%)⑥There was a(15%) elevation in……增高(15%)⑦…resulted in (a marked) increase in… …导致…(明显)增高⑧…was lowered from…to… …从…下降到…表达增加或减少的常用动词还有 rise,raise,decline,drop,fall,lower 等可用 by 表示是净增减的数或倍数,例如“…increase by 40%”,表示“增加 40%”;而 to 表示增加或减少到某个具体数值C 相关与差别⑨There was a significant linear correlation between…and… …与…有显著的线性相关性⑩…showed no strong correlation between…and… …显示 …与…无密切相关性⑩…correlated positively with… …与…呈正相关 ⑥A negative correlation was found between…and… 发现 …与…呈负相关⑩There was (were) (no) significant difference(s)or (No )significant difference(s)was found(observed ) between…and… …与…之间…(无)有显著差别P value P 值(需写出具体数字)⑩…was closely related to… …与…密切相关表示相互关系的常用词还有 relationship(关系),association(联系),regression(回归)。

      D 表示改善或保持⑩…demonstrated a significant improvement in… …方面呈明显改善⑩…values returned to (preoperative)levels …值恢复到( 手术前)水平⑩…remained at a mean of… …保持在…平均值水平5)表达结论的常用句型A 常用提示句型①These results suggest that…结果提示…②These findings indicate that… 这些发现表明…③The data (study )show the need for… 数据(研究)表明需要…④The results support the concept that… 结果支持…的概念⑤Our observations confirm that… 我们的观察证实…imply(提示) , demonstrate(证明)和 illustrate(说明)B 做出结论或建议⑥We conclude that… 我们的结论是 …⑦We suggest that…我们建议 …⑧We believe that… 我们认为…⑨We postulate that…我们设想…⑩It is concluded that… 结论是…⑩It is suggested (proposed)that… 结果提示…,建议…(虚拟语气)⑥It is recommended that… 建议…⑩It is estimated that… 估计 ……is(are)suggested(recommended)…propose …asC 表示一致性⑩These results accord with… 结果与…一致⑩The results are concordant with…结果与…一致⑧The results agree well with…结果与…一致be consistent with,in accordance with(…与…一致)to parallel(与 …相平行)D 结果转向结论⑥Thus,therefore,hence …因此,…⑥In conclusion .…最后,…⑩From this study,we conclude that… 根据本项研究,我们的结论是…⑧These findings,coupled with the observation that…, suggest that…这些发现连同对…的观察结果一起,提示…⑨In the light of this experience we therefore conclude that… 根据这个经验,我们得出…的结论E 表达今后方向 The mechanisms by which…remain to be investigated 关于…的机制仍需研究Further studies are necessary to (evaluate)… 有必要进一步研究,以(评价)…注:按 MEDLINE 要求, PURPOSE,METHODS,RESULTS ,CONCLUSIONS 全部用大写,后加冒号。

      英文必须在半角状态下输入,不能全角、半角混用。

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