赣州市历史文化博物馆讲解词修改.doc

赣州市博物馆—历史文化博物馆讲解词尊敬的领导、各位来宾：上（下）午好！欢迎来到赣州市博物馆的历史文化博物馆，在这里，我们将了解和体验赣州的悠久与深厚，在历史和文化中畅游现在我们身处博物馆一楼，即将参观两个大展厅这两个展厅浓缩了赣州的历史发展、移民迁徙、经济文化、文教理学和社会文化的精华各位来宾这边请！【原始足迹】众所周知，四亿年前，赣州还处在一片汪洋之中，在多次地壳运动中，逐渐形成了当今山峦起伏、溪流纵横，小盆地分布广泛，地质结构复杂，矿藏丰富的特点赣南的风景美好，资源丰富，从很早以前开始人类就在这里居住，这是旧石器时代的刮削器和哺乳动物化石，是远古人类的居住痕迹先秦之前，赣南名为百越，这些玉器、青铜器、陶器和织锦物见证了当时人民的心灵手巧和对生活的热爱文物欣赏）接下来我们要深入博物馆，这边请！【北风南渐】让我解释一下 Hakka 的由来，因为古代中国内战，北方有大批人民迁徙到赣南居住，他们不是原著民，所以称为客家人两晋南北朝时期，客家先民第一次迁徙入赣，这张地图显示了当时人民南迁的路线，这些文照再现了当时的情景唐、五代十国是客家先民第二次迁徙的时候内战迫使人们迁往和平的江西东南部、福建西南部、广东东部和东北部。

因此，赣州成为孕育客家民系的摇篮请看我身旁的地图，此图展示了当时人民的迁徙路线接下来让我们欣赏一下当时的文物：（文物欣赏） 接下来是客家先民第三次迁徙入赣这次的时间是北宋、南宋时期北宋末年的内战带来的战乱迫使北方移民又一次大规模迁徙入赣伴随着客家先民群体的不断壮大，赣州出现了空前繁荣的经济局面之后，客家先民又翻越武夷山，由赣南向着闽西一带迅速扩展，再顺汀江而下，进入粤东 （地图示意）（文物欣赏）宋代古城墙、宋代浮桥、八境台就是这个时期建造的虽然郁孤台是唐代建造，但是宋朝的诗人辛弃疾曾登临此台，写下千古绝唱《菩萨蛮》 ，让郁孤台名扬四海还有我们赣州人民引以为傲的福寿沟，曾多次让赣州市老城区逍遥于洪水之外福寿沟是古代赣州城的城市排水系统，在宋朝建造虽历经千年，仍沿用至今，为中国城市建设史上一大奇观看到这放大的拓片了吗，对，这是古城墙的城墙砖上拓片古代，为了保证手工制作砖的质量，官府要求工人要在砖上署名让我们再次回到历史的长河鸟瞰一番宋代之后，世事多变为寻找新的发展机遇，已定居在赣、闽、粤三角地区的部分客家人只好一次又一次地踏上迁徙之路，从而把客家种子撒遍了世界各地。

各位来宾这边请！【经济文化】说到经济文化，不得不提到大庾岭古驿道 （地图）此道带来了中原先进的生产技术和文化，为赣州区域大开发创造了有利条件，推动了赣州经济文化的全面发展文物展示）请大家看到这些古钱币，赣州盛产铜、铅元丰初年，朝廷在赣州设立铸钱院，大量铸造各色铜钱，供全国各地使用文教昌盛】理学是中国传统道德思想的理论体系，赣州因历史与地理区位的机缘，成为了宋明理学的重要发祥、发展地画像上的人是周敦颐， 《爱莲说》的作者，继承《易传》与部分道家思想，被尊为宋代理学开山祖碑刻造型：周敦颐《爱莲说》 ）受理学先儒的思想熏陶，宋代的赣州城里，教育事业蓬勃发展，域内共建起 26 所学校社会文化】展示窗里的文物，我们称之为明器，是死去的人的陪葬品，从中我们可以看到，当时人们希望自己死后的生活还如生前一般，有杯子喝茶，有人服侍，所以准备了这些小小的生活用品和小小的人一起陪葬而这个雕刻精美的瓶子，名为魂瓶，古人认为人死后，灵魂会单独存在，需要一个瓶子来装置旁边这些小人是十二生肖人，每人手上会捧着一种生肖的头，保佑死者灵魂安宁民俗风情】各位来宾，让我们欣赏一下赣南的民俗风情展示窗里绣花鞋、银挂饰、儿童用的小帽子等，都是日常用品。

展示台上部挂着傩面具，人们用这种面具配合动作来驱鬼避灾围屋）这里展示的是客家围屋赣州客家建筑形式多样，集居住、防御于一体的“家堡式”围屋，凝聚着赣南独特的地方文化，显现出客家人在建筑艺术中的伟大创造祠堂祭祖）八仙桌前一名长者，为长房子孙，手捧三件物事：鱼、鸡和猪，跪在拜凳上拜祖献供，另一名中年礼生为祭司，指点祭拜者礼仪吉日完婚）大家都知道，中式婚礼新娘子要有红盖头，对的，这就是中式婚礼再现，结婚的日期经过精确计算，在吉时拜堂新郎在婚礼上需要表现出对新娘子的冷落，这就是赣南地区嫁娶的习俗赣南客家文化集多元文化于一体，民风纯笃，崇真向善无论婚丧嫁娶，节日庆典均恪守传统，不事铺张民间服食器用，皆崇尚自然，追求和谐请大家跟我往这边走到门口）【结束】我们已经参观完两个大展厅，今天博物馆的参观即将结束，谢谢各位领导、各位来宾的光临，很高兴为大家服务！Commentary for the Historical and Cultural Museum of Ganzhou City Dear leaders and distinguished guests:Good morning (Good afternoon)!Welcome to the Historical and Cultural Museum of Ganzhou City, where we will learn and experience a long history and rich culture of Ganzhou. Now we are on the first floor of the museum and will visit two large exhibition halls. These two halls concentrate the essence of the historical development, massive migration, economical culture, education and social culture of Ganzhou city. Ladies and gentlemen this way, please.(The original footprint)As we all know, 400 million years ago, Ganzhou was still in a cast expanse. Among many crustal movements, it gradually was forming a current feature: rolling hills, streams horizon, small basins are widely distributed, complex geological structure and rich mineral. From long time ago, human beings began to live in Gannan area (south of Jiangxi province) because of its beautiful sceneries and rich resources. Look here, this is the Paleolithic scrapers and fossils of mammals, the ancient traces of human living.Before Qin Dynasty, Gannan was called Bai Yue and the fade, bronze, pottery and brocade materials witness the ingenuity of the people here and their love for life.(Appreciating heritage) Next we are going to explore its more details. This way, please.(Migrating from the North to the South gradually)Here, please allow me to explain the origin of Hakka. In ancient China; a large number of people from the north were migrating to Gannan area for living because of the civil war. They are not the aboriginals, so we called them Hakka.At Jin Dynasty, the first ancestors of Hakka migrated into Gannan area. This map shows their routes and the text depicts the scene at that time.The Hakkas made their second migration in Tang Dynasty. Again, civil war forced them to move to a relatively peaceful inhabitancy: southeastern Jiangxi, southwestern Fujian, eastern and northeastern Guangdong. Therefore, Ganzhou is regarded as the cradle of Hakka’s birth. Please look at the map besides me, it shows the migration routes of people at that time. Now let’s enjoy the relics.(Appreciating heritage)The third movement of Hakkas took place at South Song and North Song Dynasty. The chaos caused by civil war that happened at the end of North Song Dynasty, forced another large-scale migration into Gannan area. With the growing of Hakka’s group, Ganzhou has experienced its unprecedented prosperity of economy. After that, the Hakkas got over the Mount Wuyi and their inhabitancy was expanding rapidly from southern Jiangxi to western Fujian, then down along the Ting River (a river originated in the southeastern section of Mount Wuyi) into eastern Guangdong.(Illustrating according to the map)(Appreciating heritage)The ancient city wall, float bridge and Ba Jing Pavilion (a pavilion owns eight borders) were built in this period. Although Yu Gu Pavilion (a isolated pavilion surrounded by luxuriant plants) was built in Tang Dynast。