小学英语语法要点总结及习题(附答案).pdf

小学英语语法要点总结及习题 一、名词复数规则 1一般情况下，直接加 -s，如： book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds 2 以 s. x. sh. ch结尾， 加-es， 如： bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches 3 以 “ 辅 音 字 母 +y ” 结 尾 ， 变y 为 i, 再 加 -es， 如 ： family-families, strawberry-strawberries 以“f 或 fe”结尾，变 f 或 fe 为 v, 再加-es， （但有一个特例： roofroofs） 如：knife-knives leaf-leaves wife-wives thief-thieves wolf-wolves 5以“ o”结尾的单词，如果有生命，加-es ；如果没有生命，加 -s 如：有生命： potato-potatoes tomato-tomatoes mango-mangoes hero-heroes Negro- Negroes 没生命： radio-radios piano-pianos photo-photos zoo-zoos 6不规则名词的复数变化： （一）完全不规则： woman-women policeman-policemen policewoman-policewomen mouse-mice child-children foot-feet tooth-teeth man-men （二）单数复数词形相同： fish-fish sheep-sheep deer-deer people-people Chinese-Chinese Japanese-Japanese 小练习： 写出下列各词的复数 I _him _this _her _ watch _child _photo _diary _ day_ foot_ book_ dress _ tooth_ sheep _box_ strawberry _ thief _yo-yo _ peach_ sandwich _ man_ woman_ paper_ juice_ water_ milk_ rice_ tea_ 二、一般现在时 一般现在时基本用法介绍 【No. 1 】一般现在时的功能 1. 表示事物或人物的特征、状态。

如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的 2. 表示经常性或习惯性的动作如：I get up at six every day.我每天六 点起床 3. 表示客观现实如： The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转 一般现在时的构成 1. be动词：主语 +be(am,is,are)+其它如： I am a boy. 我是一个男孩 2. 行为动词：主语 +行为动词 (+其它) 如： We study English. 我们学习英 语 当主语为第三人称单数 (he, she,it)时，要在动词后加 -s 或-es 如： Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语 一般现在时的变化 1. be 动词的变化 否定句：主语 + be + not +其它 如：He is not a worker.他不是工人 一般疑问句： Be +主语+其它 如：-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, Im not. 特殊疑问句：疑问词 +一般疑问句如： Where is my bike? 2. 行为动词的变化 否定句：主语 + dont( doesnt ) +动词原形 (+其它) 。

如： I dont like bread. 当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesnt构成否定句如： He doesnt often play. 一般疑问句： Do( Does ) + 主语+动词原形 +其它如： - Do you often play football? - Yes, I do. / No, I dont. 当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does 构成一般疑问句如： - Does she go to work by bike? - Yes, she does. / No, she doesnt. 特殊疑问句：疑问词 +一般疑问句如： How does your father go to work? 动词+s 的变化规则 1一般情况下，直接加 -s ，如： cook-cooks, milk-milks 2以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾，加 -es ，如： guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes 3以“辅音字母 +y”结尾，变 y 为 i, 再加-es，如： study-studies 一般现在时用法专练 : 一、 写出下列动词的第三人称单数 drink _ go _ stay _ make _ look _ have_ pass_ carry _ come_ watch_ plant_ fly _ study_ brush_ do_ teach_ 二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。

1. He often _(have) dinner at home. 2. Daniel and Tommy _(be) in Class One. 3. We _(not watch) TV on Monday. 4. Nick _(not go) to the zoo on Sunday. 5. _ they _(like) the World Cup? 6. What _they often _(do) on Saturdays? 7. _ your parents _(read) newspapers every day? 8. The girl _(teach) us English on Sundays. 9. She and I _(take) a walk together every evening. 10. There _(be) some water in the bottle. 11. Mike _(like) cooking. 12. They _(have) the same hobby. 13. My aunt _(look) after her baby carefully. 14. You always _(do) your homework well. 15. I _(be) ill. Im staying in bed. 16. She _(go) to school from Monday to Friday. 17. Liu Tao _(do) not like PE. 18. The child often _(watch) TV in the evening. 19. Su Hai and Su Yang _(have) eight lessons this term. 20. What day _(be) it today? It s Saturday. 三、按照要求改写句子 1. Daniel watches TV every evening.(改为否定句 ) _ 2. I do my homework every day.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答) _ 3. She likes milk.(改为一般疑问句，作肯定回答) _ 4. Amy likes playing computer games.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答) _ 5. We go to school every morning.(改为否定句 ) _ 6. He speaks English very well.(改为否定句 ) _ 7. I like taking photos in the park.(对划线部分提问 ) _ 8. John comes from Canada.(对划线部分提问 ) _ 9. She is always a good student.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答) _ 10. Simon and Daniel like going skating.(改为否定句 ) _ 四、改错 (划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上) 1. Is your brother speak English? _ 2. Does he likes going fishing? _ 3. He likes play games after class. _ 4. Mr. Wu teachsus English. _ 5. She don t do her homework on Sundays. _ 三、现在进行时 1现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活 动或现阶段正在进行的动作。

2现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词 ing. 3现在进行时的否定句在be 后加 not 4现在进行时的一般疑问句把be 动词调到句首 5现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为： 疑问词不达意 + be + 主语 + 动词 ing? 但疑问词当主语时其结构为： 疑问词不达意 + be + 动词 ing? 动词加 ing 的变化规则 1一般情况下，直接加ing ，如： cook-cooking 2以不发音的 e 结尾，去 e 加 ing ，如： make-making, taste-tasting 3如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母， 再加 ing ， 如：run-running, stop-stopping 现在进行时专项练习： 一、写出下列动词的现在分词： play_ run_ swim _make_ go_ like_ write_ _ski_ read_ have_ sing _ dance_ put_ see_ buy _ love_ live_ take_ come _ get_ stop_ sit _ begin_ shop_ 二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空： 1.The boy _ ( draw)a picture now. 2. Listen .Some girls _ ( sing)in the classroom . 3. My mother _ ( cook )some nice food now. 4. What _ you _ ( do ) now? 5. Look . They _( have) an English lesson . 6.They _(not ,water) the flowers now. 7.Look! the girls _(dance )in the classroom . 8.What is our granddaughter doing? She _(listen ) to music. 9. Its 5 o clock now. We _(have)supper now 10._Helen_(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is . 三、句型转换： 1. They are doing housework .(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句) _ _ 2The students are cleaning the classroom . ( 改一般疑问句并作肯定和 否定回答 ) _ _ 3I m playing the football in the playground .(对划线部分进行提问 ) _ 4Tom is reading books in his study . (对划线部分进行提问 ) _ 四、一般将来时 一、概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。

句中 一般有以下时间状语： tomorrow, next。