冠词用法.doc

冠词用法复习高中英语冠词用法一． 冠词的种类 类别形式用法说明举例不定冠词a用在以辅音音素开头的单词或字母前a heroa workeran用在以元音音素开头的单词或字母前an orangean apple定冠词the用在名词前表特指the girlthe boy注意： 判断一个词是以元音开头还是辅音开头，是根据读音而不是根据字母 a useful tool an old man a university an uncle a European an hour a one-day trip an honest boy a “ u ” in the word “bus” an honor a united family an x-ray二 不定冠词的用法 1）泛指一个 There is a book on the table. “相当于one ” 2) 表示一类人或东西 A (The) tiger can be dangerous. Tigers can be dangerous. 3）指初次提到的某人或某物，泛指某人的职业，阶级，宗教等。

A thief was caught by a policewoman. Freddy became a successful singer at last. 4) 用在名词前或Mr. / Mrs. / Miss / Ms. + 姓氏前，表示“某位”，有不肯定的意味，也可以表示“一位”，指某家庭的成员即：指某一个人或事物，但不具体说明My sister was saved by a PLA man in the fire.A Mr. Li called you.5) 抽象名词具体化 (抽象名词表示具体事物时，其前要用不定冠词)此类名词有： honor beauty failure success pity surprise pleasure concernIt’s a great pleasure to meet you here.Our boss has a wide knowledge of his history.His new book was a great success.What a pleasant surprise you gave us! 不可数名词前一般不加不定冠词。

但某些物质名词和抽象名词如： rain, snow, ,soup, coffee，surprise, pity, pleasure, joy, history, love, success, failure, knowledge等前常加不定冠词用来表示”一种”、”一类”、“一场”、”一阵”、”一番”、“具体的人或事”等意如：What a big supper he had! He was really hungry． 6）表示“某一”，相当于any/ every A square has four sides. Take the medicine three times a day.7）用在某些固定词组或习惯用语中 all of a sudden take an interest in in a word in a hurry in a wy have a cold have a good time take / have a rest(break) a great number/ deal of pay a visit to go for a walk make a living with a smile as a matter of fact have a try as a rule have a walk have a gift for on a diet have a word with sb. an hour or two once upon a time 例1. --- Hello, could I speak to Mr. Smith?--- Sorry, wrong number. There isn’t _______ Mr. Smith here.A. / B. a C. the D. one 例2. --- How about _____ Christmas evening party? --- I should say it was ______ success. A. a; a B. The; a C. a; / D. the; / 例3. I wanted to catch _____ early train, but I couldn’t get ______ ride to the station. A. an; the B. /; the C. an; / D. the; a 例4. --- I knocked over my coffee cup. It went right over _____ keyboard. --- You shouldn’t put drinks near ______ computer. A. the; / B. the; a C. a; / D. a; a 例5. In ____ film Cast Away. Tom Hanks plays _____ man named Chuck Noland. A. a; the B. the; a C. the; the D. a; a 例6. Taylor has ___ 8-year-old daughter who has ___ gift for painting---- she has won two national prizes. A. a; a B. an; the C. an; a D. the; a 三 定冠词用法 特指双熟悉，上文已提及;世上独无二，序数最高级; 某些专有名，习语及乐器。

1）特指的人，物，常译为“这”“那” ① 在被修饰限定的名词前常加定冠词 the ② 前文提到的事物，再度提到时，其前要用定冠词 the ③ 表示双方皆知的人或事物 I have bought a book. The book is very useful I lost the book that I borrowed from the library. I went to a book store. But the bookstore has only few books. How do you like the movie? Will you please pass me the calculator? 2) 用于表示世界上独一无二的事物前： the earth the moon the sky the sun the stars the world the universe the milky way the Internet the west the left 注：某些这类名词前若因阴、晴、雨、雪等而表现出不同的状貌，前有形容词修饰时 亦可用不定冠词。

a starry sky 星光灿烂的夜空 a full moon 满月 a red sun 一轮红日 a rough sea 波涛汹涌的大海3） 用于序数词或形容词的最高级前 Autumn is the best season in Beijing. (最高级) I can do the first question. （序数词） 注：序数词前也可加不定冠词，表示“又一，再一” a second / third / fourth +n I’d like a third coffee. 我想再来一杯咖啡 形容词最高级前也可加不定冠词，意为“非常” a most + adj. It is a most important meeting. 这是一次非常重要的会议4) 表示“年代”的数词和比较级的特殊句型中 in the 1990’s （年代） He is the taller of the two brothers. (比较级的特殊句型中)5) “ 定冠词+姓氏复数” 表示“…夫妇”，“…一家人”；“定冠词+姓氏所有格” 表示“…的住所”The Brown are on vacation. 布朗一家正在度假。

The children are at the Brown’s. 孩子们在布朗家6）用于某些形容词或分词前表示一类人 the blind the rich the poor the old the young the aged the wounded the injured the learned the disabled7）用于西洋乐器前 play the piano play the violin play the guitar8) 用于普通名词构成的专有名词前 the United States the United Nations the People’s Republic of China9) 用于“by + the + 计量单位名词”结构中，意为 “按…来计算” by the ton / pound / yard / meter / kilo / kilogram by the hour / day / month 按。