宾语补足语讲解及练习.doc

宾语补足语讲解 M3 Unit 3 Grammar and Usage宾语补足语一．英语的五种基本句型结构：① S 十 V 主谓结构 He runs quickly．他跑得快 ② S 十 V 十 P 主系表结构 The story sounds interesting．这个故事听起来有趣③ S 十 V 十 O 主谓宾结构 They built a house last year．他们去年建了一所房子④ S 十 V 十 O1 十 O2 主谓双宾结构He offered me his seat/ his seat to me．他把座位让给我⑤ S 十 V 十 O 十 C 主谓宾+宾补结构They found her happy that day． 他们发现那天她很高兴I found him out． 我发现他出去了They named the boy Charlie． 他们给这个男孩起名为查理I saw him come in and go out． 我见他进来又出去They felt the car moving fast． 他们感到汽车行驶得很快He found the door of study closed to him． 他发现研究所的大门对他关闭了。

二．宾语补足语：1、定义：The object complement gives more information about the object.顾名思义， 宾补是补充说明宾语，使句子意义完整的句子成分2、使用场合：Verb + object + object complement3、可以充当宾语补足语的词和词组有：(1). 名词：We made him our monitor.They thought this good advice.They named their daughter Jenny.【考点】任命某人一个独一无二的职务，职务前面不加冠词例如：He was made captain. They elected him monitor.Obama was made president.They elected John chairman of the committee.(2). 形容词： You should keep your room clean and tidy. We’d better leave the door open.We found the ruins most interesting.(3). 介词短语He left his bag in the office.We found ourselves in the middle of a desert.(4). 副词He opened the window to let the fresh air in.I saw him out with his father the day before yesterday.(5). 现在分词： I’m sorry to have you waiting for so long. I could feel the cold wind blowing on my face. At this moment she noticed the teacher coming in.(6). 过去分词：When he woke up, he found himself tied to a tree.He raised his voice to make himself heard.I had my watch repaired yesterday.(7). 不定式 或 省略 to 的不定式（秃头不定式）My mother allowed me to play games for a while.Can you make your car park over there?【考点】(1).使用不定式作宾语补足语时， “五看（see, watch, notice, observe, look at） 三使（make, let, have） 两听（listen to, hear）一感觉（feel）” 后接秃头不定式。

2).help 一词后的不定式，可带 to，也可以不带 to4、宾语通常为名词或代词，但有时也可以用不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）或that从句来充当一般情况下，宾补通常紧跟在宾语之后值得注意的是：think, find, consider, feel, make, take等动词应使用先行it代替宾语，it后面应接宾补，而将真正的宾语移到句子的后部（形式宾语） I felt it necessary to speak about our shortcomings.I think it very important to attend this meeting.We all thought it a pity that you couldn’t join us.【小结】1、宾语补足语是补充____语的成分，通常置于宾语之____ 宾语+宾语补足语=>复合宾语2、可以用作宾补的有___词、_____词、___词、___词短语、_____式、现在___词和过去___词3、能带宾补的动词一定是____物动词常跟宾语补足语的动词：第一类, 感官动词, 所接的宾补可以是不带to的动词不定式，也可以是现在分词或过去分词。

feel, hear, listen to, notice, observe, see, watch, look atI saw him cross/crossing the road. => He was seen___________/ ____________ the road.但句子变为被动语态时，不定式的to要还原第二类, 使役动词，所接的宾补多为动词不定式或过去分词如：let, have, get, make, would like, want等This makes people know the importance of protecting the environment. If you are back, will you please make yourself known to me?The machine doesn’t work. I must have it repaired right now.第三类, 含命名意义的动词，所接的宾补一般是名词如：call, name, appoint, elect, make, consider等Call me Joe, please. She was elected president of the company.第四类, v. + sb. + to do sth. 结构中的动词，所接的宾补一般是不定式。

这类动词有：advise, allow, ask, beg, cause, expect, force, get, help, inspire, invite, order, permit, persuade, remind, request, require, teach, tell, train, urge, want, warn, wish, report等第五类, find, keep, leave 等几个词的用法非常灵活，后面所接的宾补可以是形容词、副词、现在分词、过去分词等We found it very difficult to solve the problem.How can you keep them waiting for so long?Keep the door closed.Exercises:一．单句改错1. We all elected Jason the monitor.2. The teacher asked us not make so much noise.3. ---What a nice fire you have in your fireplace!--- During the winter I like my house warmly and comfortable.4. Don’t leave the water run while you brush your teeth.5. He pushed the door opening.6. She looked around and caught a man put his hand into the pocket of a passenger.7. With a lot of difficult problems settle, the newly-elected president is having a hard time.8. When I came in, I found a man died on the floor.9. It was a pity that the great writer died of his works unfinished.10．He was heard sing last night.二．用所给动词的适当形式填空1. In the end, we found the girl _______________ (lock) in a dark room.2. Just at that time, I saw an old woman _______________ (cross) the narrow street.3. Don’t let your son _______________（play）computer games like this any more.4. I’ve never heard the word _______________ (use) in spoken English.5. I think you can’t force your son _______________(go) to see her.三．单项填空1．Tell him _______ the window.A. to shut not B. not to shut C. to not shut D. not shut2. ----There’s a hole in your bag. --- I know, I’m going to have it _______.A. mend B. mending C. mended D. to be mended3. Though he had often made his little sister _______, today he was made _______ by his little sister.A. cry; to cry B. crying; crying C. cry; cry D. to cry; c。