Shakespeare莎士比亚文学作品介绍(英文)课件.ppt

William Shakespeare(1564-1616)154 sonnets十四行诗十四行诗2 long poems37 playsTragedies Comedies History plays Tragi-comediesShakespeares WorksHIS TRAGEDIES namong the most powerful studies of human nature in all literature nappropriately as the greatest achievements of his dramatic artistryn his unforgettable tragic characters, such as Romeo and Juliet, Hamlet, Othello, King Lear, and MacbethFour Great TragediesHamlet(1601)Hamlet(1601) 哈姆雷特哈姆雷特哈姆雷特哈姆雷特Othello(1604)Othello(1604) 奥赛罗奥赛罗奥赛罗奥赛罗King Lear(1605)King Lear(1605) 李尔王李尔王李尔王李尔王Macbeth(1606)Macbeth(1606)麦克白麦克白HIS COMEDIESn nHis comedies celebrate human social life even as they expose human folly（stupidstupid） . n nBy means that are sometimes humiliating（degradedegrade）, even painful, characters learn greater wisdom and emerge with a clearer view of reality. n nTragedies begin happily and end in misery. Comedies, on the other hand, begin in misery and end happily.Well-known ComediesnThe Merchant of Venice 威尼斯商人威尼斯商人nA Midsummer Nights Dream 仲夏夜之梦仲夏夜之梦nTwelfth Night 第十二夜第十二夜nAs You Like It 皆大欢喜皆大欢喜nAlls Well That Ends Well 终成眷属终成眷属nMuch Ado about Nothing 无事生非无事生非Historiesn n2 Henry VI n n3 Henry VI n n1 Henry VI n nRichard III n nRichard II nKing John n1 Henry IV n2 Henry IV nHenry V nHenry VIII His History Playsn nHistory plays（sometimes known as chronicle plays ）-a highly popular form of drama in Shakespeares time. Shakespeares PoetryPoetryn nVenus and Adonis Venus and Adonis n nThe Rape of Lucrece The Rape of Lucrece n nSonnets Sonnets n nA Lovers Complaint A Lovers Complaint n nThe Passionate Pilgrim The Passionate Pilgrim n nThe Phoenix and The Turtle The Phoenix and The Turtle n n Shakespeare wrote in “Early Modern English.”n n EME was not very different from “Modern English,” Shakespeares Languagen n A mix of old and very newn n Rural and urban words/imagesn n Understandable by the lowest peasant and the highest nobleShakespeares LanguageThou=you(主格）主格）Thy=your（物主代词（物主代词）Thee=you（宾格）（宾格）Warming-upMatch the meaning with the quotation and the play.“Words, words, only words, no matter from the heart”Meaning: Empty words, not real thoughts or ideas from the heart.空话空话, ,空话空话, ,只是空话只是空话, ,没有一点发自内心没有一点发自内心. .Romeo, Romeo, why are you Romeo ? Deny your father, and refuse your name罗密欧罗密欧, ,罗密欧罗密欧, ,你为什么是罗密欧你为什么是罗密欧? ?否定你的父亲放弃否定你的父亲放弃你的姓氏你的姓氏. .Version In modern English“Neither a borrower nor a lender be” Meaning: It is best not to lend (money) to others and not to borrow from others. When we lend sth, we risk losing both the thing we lend and the friendship with the other person.别借债别借债, ,莫放债莫放债. .Uneasy lies the head that wears a crown. Meaning: A person who has great responsibility, such as a king, is constantly worried and therefore doesnt sleep soundly.头戴王冠头戴王冠, ,寝食不安寝食不安. .“To be or not to be: that is the question”Meaning: That is a question whether to live on in this world or to die, that is, to take action or to do nothing.生存还是毁灭生存还是毁灭, ,这是个问题这是个问题. .William Shakespeare All the worlds a Stage (All the worlds a Stage (fromfrom As You Like As You Like It) )It) )n nAll the worlds a stage, And all the men and women merely players: They have their exits and their entrances; And one man in his time plays many parts, His acts being seven ages. n n全世界是个舞台，男男女女只是演员全世界是个舞台，男男女女只是演员全世界是个舞台，男男女女只是演员全世界是个舞台，男男女女只是演员而已，他们都有其退场和登场，人生而已，他们都有其退场和登场，人生而已，他们都有其退场和登场，人生而已，他们都有其退场和登场，人生在世扮演着多种角色，它的表演有七在世扮演着多种角色，它的表演有七在世扮演着多种角色，它的表演有七在世扮演着多种角色，它的表演有七个时期。

个时期Lifes but a walking shadow; a poor player, That struts and frets his hour upon the stage, And is heard of no more: it is a tale Told by an idiot, full of sound and fury, Signifying nothing.”- Macbeth Act V; s.5人生不过是一个行走的影子，一个在舞人生不过是一个行走的影子，一个在舞台上指手划脚的笨拙的怜人，登场片刻，台上指手划脚的笨拙的怜人，登场片刻，便在无声无息中悄然退去，这是一个愚便在无声无息中悄然退去，这是一个愚人所讲的故事，充满了喧哗和骚动，却人所讲的故事，充满了喧哗和骚动，却一无所指一无所指麦克白麦克白 Influence n nShakespeareShakespeare s work has made a lasting s work has made a lasting impression on later theatre and literature. His impression on later theatre and literature. His writing is widely regarded as one of the three writing is widely regarded as one of the three main sources of the English literature, while main sources of the English literature, while the other two are Greek and Roman myths the other two are Greek and Roman myths and the Bible.and the Bible.n nIn ShakespeareIn Shakespeare s day, English grammar and s day, English grammar and spelling were less standardised than they are spelling were less standardised than they are now, and his use of language helped shape now, and his use of language helped shape modern English. modern English. Ben Jonson dedicated（devoteddevoted） a poem in praise of Shakespeare n n我的莎士比亚，起来吧。

我不想把你我的莎士比亚，起来吧我不想把你n n安置在乔叟、斯宾塞的身旁，或者叫波蒙特安置在乔叟、斯宾塞的身旁，或者叫波蒙特n n躺过去一点，给你让出些地方躺过去一点，给你让出些地方n n即使没有墓，你也是一块丰碑，即使没有墓，你也是一块丰碑，n n你仍然活着，只要你的书还在，你仍然活着，只要你的书还在，n n只要我们会读书，我们会说出赞词只要我们会读书，我们会说出赞词n n自豪吧，我的不列颠，你拿的出一个人，自豪吧，我的不列颠，你拿的出一个人，n n欧洲所有剧坛都向他致敬欧洲所有剧坛都向他致敬n n他不只属于一个时代，而是属于永远他不只属于一个时代，而是属于永远 The Cost of a Shown1 shilling。