九年级英语全册 Unit 13 We're trying to save the earth语法聚焦（十三）课件 （新版）人教新目标版.ppt

单元语法聚焦(十三)动词的时态一、一般现在时1．一般现在时动词第三人称单数的构成种类构成方法例词一般情况直接加­shelp→helps，read→reads以s，x，o，ch，sh结尾的词加­esdo→does，pass→passes，fix→fixes，push→pushes，teach→teaches以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的词变y为i，再加­estry→tries， study→studies特殊特殊记忆have→has2.一般现在时的句型结构结构be动词行为动词肯定句主语＋am/is/are＋其他主语＋do/does＋其他.否定句主语＋am/is/are＋not＋其他．主语＋do/does＋not＋do＋其他.一般疑问句Am/Is/Are＋主语＋其他？Do/Does＋主语＋do＋其他？3.一般现在时的基本用法(1)一般现在时表示现在经常或反复发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示一般状态的时间状语often，sometimes，usually，always，every day，twice a month等连用eg：My grandmother always takes a walk after supper.我奶奶总是晚饭后散步。

2)表示客观真理、科学事实、格言等eg：The earth moves around the sun.地球围绕太阳转(3)在时间和条件状语从句中，用一般现在时代替一般将来时eg：If it is fine tomorrow，we will have a picnic.如果明天是晴天，我们就去野餐4)用在某些表达中，表示现在正在发生的动作或存在的状态eg：Here comes the bus！公共汽车来了！There goes the bell.铃响了二、现在进行时1．现在分词的变化规则种类构成方法例词一般情况直接加­ingplay→playing，look→looking以不发音的e结尾去e加­ingwrite→writing，make→making以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母的先双写辅音字母，再加­ingrun→running，stop→stopping，sit→sitting以ie结尾的词变ie为y，再加­inglie→lying，die→dying　2.现在进行时的句型结构(1)肯定句：主语＋am/is/are＋doing＋其他．(2)否定句：主语＋are/is/am not＋doing＋其他．(3)一般疑问句：Am/Is/Are＋主语＋doing＋其他？(4)特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词＋一般疑问句？3．现在进行时的一般用法(1)一般情况下，现在进行时表示此时此刻正在进行的动作，通常与表示现在进行时的时间状语now，at present，at the moment，these days等连用。

当有listen，look等提示词时，后面的句子常用现在进行时eg：Nancy is watching TV at the moment.此时南希正在看电视Listen！She is singing in the next room.听！她正在隔壁房间唱歌(2)现在进行时表示现阶段正在进行的动作(说话时不一定在进行这个动作)eg：They are preparing for the sports meeting these days.这些天他们正在为运动会做准备3)现在进行时态表示将来，只限于go，come，stay，leave，start，begin等位移动词eg：My father is leaving for Beijing tomorrow.我父亲明天要去北京I'm going to Shenzhen next Monday.下周一我要去深圳三、一般过去时一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，常用的时间状语有yesterday，ago，last night(week，month)，just now，in 2000等eg：It snowed heavily last night.昨天晚上雪下得很大。

It was very cold yesterday.昨天非常冷四、一般将来时一般将来时表示将来某个时间将要发生的动作或存在的状态，常用的时间状语有：tomorrow，next week (year，month)，in two days等eg：Mr.Wu will teach us English this term.这学期吴老师将教我们英语I will go to my hometown next week.下周我要回老家【温馨提示】(1)“be going to＋动词原形”表示即将发生某事或者打算、计划要做某事eg：I'm going to do my homework this evening.我打算今天晚上做作业2)come，go，start，move，leave等动词常用进行时态表示按计划将要发生的事eg：They are leaving for Beijing tomorrow.他们明天动身去北京五、过去进行时过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或某一时段正在发生或进行的动作，常用时间状语有at this (that)time yesterday，at nine o'clock yesterday等。

eg：They were working in class this time yesterday.昨天这个时候他们正在上课I was drawing a horse when the teacher came in.老师进来时，我正在画一匹马六、现在完成时现在完成时表示过去发生的某个动作对现在造成的影响和结果，或表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态常与already，never，ever，just，yet等时间状语或these days，for two years，since 2000，since＋过去时态等连用eg：He has taught at this school since 2010.他从2010年起一直在这所学校任教动词的语态一、被动语态的构成被动语态由“be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的常考的动词的被动语态主要有：1．一般现在时的被动语态由助动词be的现在式am/is/are＋及物动词的过去分词构成eg：Computers are made in the USA.计算机是在美国被制造的2．一般过去时的被动语态由助动词was/were＋及物动词的过去分词构成。

eg：This park was built in 1999.这个公园建造于1999年3．一般将来时的被动语态由will be＋动词的过去分词构成eg：These homework will be finished in ten minutes.这些作业将在10分钟内完成4．现在完成时的被动语态由has/have been＋动词过去分词构成eg：The child has been taken care of by her all these years.这些年来，这个孩子都由她照顾5．含有情态动词的被动语态其结构为：情态动词＋be＋及物动词的过去分词eg：The young trees should be planted in spring.应该在春天植树二、使实被动语态时的注意事项(1)只有及物动词或相当于及物动词的短语才有被动语态，不及物动词、系动词没有被动语态eg：Our classroom is cleaned every day.我们每天打扫教室2)有些使役动词和感官动词在主动语态中接不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，但改为被动语态时，不定式符号to必须补上eg：I often hear her sing the song in her room.→She is often heard to sing the song in her room.(3)双宾语的被动语态。

直接宾语和间接宾语都可以作被动语态的主语，但直接宾语作被动语态的主语时，在间接宾语前要加相应的介词eg：I bought him a book.→He was bought a book./A book was bought for him.He gave me a book.→I was given a book./A book was given to me.(4)动词短语的被动语态动词短语是一个整体，在变为被动语态时，不能把动词后面的介词或副词丢掉eg：Mrs.Liu takes care of the baby.→The baby is taken care of by Mrs.Liu.感叹句感叹句是用来表示人的喜、怒、哀、乐等强烈感情的句子，句末通常用感叹号，也可用句号感叹句通常由what或how引出1．what修饰名词，且名词前可有冠词或形容词修饰，what引导的感叹句结构有：(l)What＋a/an＋形容词＋可数名词单数(＋主语＋谓语)！eg：What a cool day (it is)！多么凉爽的天啊！What an interesting game (this is)！(这是)多么有趣的游戏啊！(2)What＋形容词＋可数名词复数(＋主语＋谓语)！eg：What beautiful flowers (they are)！多么漂亮的花啊！(3)What＋形容词＋不可数名词(＋主语＋谓语)！eg：What great fun chatting on the Internet is！上网聊天真是太有趣了！2．how修饰形容词、副词或句子，how引导的感叹句结构有：(1)How＋形容词/副词(＋主语＋谓语)！eg：How happy they are！他们多么快乐啊！How hard he works！他工作得多努力啊！(2)How＋主语＋谓语(＋其他)！eg：How I wish to join the basketball club！我多么想加入篮球俱乐部啊！一、用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。

1．A serious car accident _________(happen) in this street last Sunday.2．—What will the weather be like this coming Saturday?—I hope it ___________(be)a fine day for our picnic! I can't wait!3．—Do you like junk food，Linda?—That's my favorite.The more junk food I (have)，the happier I _____________(be)．4．—What did your mother say about this?—She _________(say) that she ______________(try) her best to help me with my English next term.happenedwill behavewill besaidwould try5．—Don't get off the bus until it ___________(stop)，Tom.—I won't，Dad.Don't worry about me.6．—Is your father a doctor? —Yes，he is.He _________(work) in the Children's Hospital.7．—I called you yesterday evening，but there was no answer.—Oh，I'm sorry.I ___________(have) dinner at my friend's at that time.8．—Is this jacket yours，Linda?—No，I think it ______________(belong) to Maria.stopsworkswas havingbelongs9．Bill is a good student.He always __________(finish) his homework on time.10．By the end of last term，they ___________(work) there for ten years.11．A talk on science ______________(give) in our school next Sunday.12．The letter ____________(write) in Japanese.Can you read it for me?13．Chinese ____________(speak) by more and more people in the world now.14．The magazines _______________________(must return) to the library in two weeks.finisheshad workedwill be givenis writtenis spokenmust be returned15．—What kind of rice do you think is the best to eat?—I like to eat the rice that _____________(grow)in the south of China.16．Something must _______(do)to make our city a better place to live in.17．Three patients _______________________(operate) on by the famous doctor in the past 10 hours.18．We _____________(tell) not to play computer games at school.19．The little boy was often seen ___________(read)books by the lake after school.20．The phone ___________________(invent) by Bell.He is very great.is grownbe donehave been operatedare toldto readwas invented二、单项选择。

)21.—Who is that lady?—She's Miss Green.She________us music，and she is so good.(2016·武汉)A．taught B．teachesC．will teach D．is teaching( )22.Last week Vivian________a dress for her mother with her first­month salary.(2016·上海)A．buy B．boughtC．will buy D．would buyBB( )23.Just go down this road and you________the library next to the bank.(2016·河北)A．see B．sawC．have seen D．will see( )24.—Where are you going，Bob?—To go hiking.Eric________for me at the school gate.(2016·黄冈)A．was waiting B．waitsC．is waiting D．waitedDC( )25.My mother________dinner when I got home yesterday.(2016·天津)A．has cooked B．was cookingC．will cook D．cooks( )26.This medicine________millions of people's lives since it was put into use.(2016·上海)A．is saving B．will saveC．has saved D．had savedBC( )27.—You didn't watch the movie?—Yes，but by the time I________to the cinema，the movie________for several minutes.(2016·乌鲁木齐)A．got；has begun B．got；has been onC．got；had begun D．got；had been on( )28.I plan to build an unusual house.It________out of old things.(2016·江西)A．is built B．has builtC．was built D．will be builtDD( )29.________wonderful speech Emma gave at the UN conference！(2016·上海)A．How B．WhatC．What a D．What an( )30.—________pale you look！Are you feeling all right?—I'm not feeling well.I've got a toothache.(2016·苏州)A．How a B．How C．What a D．WhatCB三、按要求完成句子。

31．I borrowed a book from John just now.(改为否定句)I ________________a book from John just now.32．I have just learned five hundred English words.(改为一般疑问句)_________you just __________five hundred English words?33．They built a new bridge in my hometown last year.(改为被动语态)A new bridge ______________in my hometown last year.didn't borrowHavelearnedwas built34．People used radios to learn English in the past.(改为被动语态)Radios ________________to learn English in the past.35．You can bring your friends to my birthday party tomorrow evening.(改为被动语态)Your friends __________________to my birthday party tomorrow evening.36．The boy swam very fast.(改为感叹句)_______________the boy swam!were usedcan be broughtHow fast37．The school trip is very exciting.(改为感叹句)_________________the school trip is!38．I watched an exciting basketball game.(改为感叹句)_____________________basketball game I watched!How excitingWhat an exciting。