常见动词过去式过去分词的变化规则.doc

常见动词过去式过去分词的变化规则常见动词过去式过去分词的变化规则动词过去式和过去分词有规则变化和不规则变化两种.一、规则变化:1 一般情况直接加ed，如ask—asked, work-worked2. 以不发音的e结尾，只加d,如love—loved， dance—danced3. 以辅音字母加y结尾，把y变为i，再加ed,如try—tried, study—studied4. 以一个元音字母和一个辅音结尾的重读闭音节结尾的动词(以重读闭音节或r音节结尾而末尾只有一个辅音字母)，先双写末尾这个辅音字母，再加ed，如stop-stopped, permit—permitted 注：A 以l结尾的动词,尾音节重读时,双写l,如control—controlled;尾音节不重读时，双不双写都可以,如travel—traveled(美) /travelled（英) .B 特例:picnic-picnicked-picnicked（去野餐）,traffic—trafficked—trafficked(交易，在…通行） 另外,还有很多动词的过去式和过去分词是不合乎上述规则的,需要熟记见后)C. 读音与说明:①.-ed在清辅音音素后发音为[t］: helped, liked， finished， fetched, stopped， clapped②。

—ed在浊辅音和元音后发音为［d］： believed, changed， planned, preferred， followed, stayed ③.—ed在［t]、［d] 后发音为［id］: wanted， needed, admitted, permitted二、不规则变化⒈ A———A--—A型（现在式、过去式、过去分词同形)动词原形（现在式） 过去式 过去分词cost cost cost 花费cut cut cut 割，切hit hit hit 打let let let 让put put put 放下read read read 读hurt hurt hurt 伤⒉ A—--A—-—B型(现在式和过去式同形）beat beat beaten 打⒊ A—-—B———A型（现在式和过去分词同形）come came come 来become became become 变run ran run 跑⒋ A ———B ———B型⑴在动词原形后加一个辅音字母d或t构成过去式或过去分词burn burnt burnt 燃烧learn learned/learnt learned/learnt 学习mean meant meant 意思hear heard heard 听见⑵把动词原形的最后一个辅音字母“d”改为“t”构成过去式或过去分词。

build built built 建筑lend lent lent 借给lose lost lost 失去send sent sent 送spend spent spent 花费⑶其他pay paid paid 付lay laid laid 下蛋say said said 说bring brought brought 带来buy bought bought 买think thought thought 想catch caught caught 抓住teach taught taught 教fight fought fought 战斗sleep slept slept 睡keep kept kept 保持sweep swept swept 扫stand stood stood 站understand understood understood 明白win won won 得胜shine shone/shined shone/shined 发光feel felt felt 觉得find found found 发现get got got 得到hang hanged/ hung hanged/ hung 绞死，挂have had had 有hold held held 盛，握leave left left 离开make made made 制造meet met met 遇见sell sold sold 卖shoot shot shot 射击tell told told 告诉smell smelt/smelled smelt/smelled 嗅，闻sit sat sat 坐dig dug dug 挖⒌ A———B-——C型（现在式、过去式和过去分词都不相同）⑴在动词原形后加-n或—en构成过去分词.eat ate eaten 吃fall fell fallen 落下steal stole stolen 偷give gave given 给freeze froze frozen 冻结take took taken 拿see saw seen 看见write wrote written 写ride rode ridden 骑drive drove driven 驾驶throw threw thrown 抛，扔blow blew blown 吹grow grew grown 生长know knew known 知道fly flew flown 飞draw drew drawn 拉，绘画show showed shown 展示⑵过去式加—n或-en构成过去分词。

speak spoke spoken 说话break broke broken 破碎，折断wake waked/ woke waked/ waken 醒choose chose chosen 选择forget forgot forgotten 忘记⑶变单词在重读音节中的元音字母“i"分别为“a”（过去式）和“u”（过去分词）begin began begun 开始ring rang rung 按铃sing sang sung 唱sink sank sunk 沉swim swam swum 游泳drink drank drunk 饮⑷其他不规则动词的变化be（am，is) was/ were been 是be(are) were been 是do did done 做go went gone 去lie lay lain 躺wear wore worn 穿。