英文写作标准手册中文翻译.docx

英语写作讲义Part One Manuscript Form第一部分 文稿格式As we are learning to write, we should have a clear idea of what is good manuscript form. We should do everything—writing the title, leaving margins, indenting, capitalizing, and dividing words—according to generally accepted rules. Whenever we write something, we should work carefully, write neatly and clearly, and try to make as few mistakes as possible. Before handing in our essay or exercise, we should proofread it once or twice, because we may need to make some final corrections and changes. If we always work in this way, we are sure to make to progress.当我们学习写作的时候，应该清楚地知道什么是好的文稿格式。

我们应该做的每件事是——写标题，留页边距，缩进，首字母大写，并拆分单词——根据普遍接受的规则每当我们写东西时，应该仔细，字迹工整清楚，尽可能少犯错误在上交我们的文章或练习前，应该校对一或两次，因为我们可能需要一些最后的修正和变更如果我们总是用这种方式工作，肯定能取得进步Ⅰ. Arrangement一、排版Writing in correct manuscript form is very important, because it makes it easy to read what is written and prevents misunderstanding. We should follow the general practices in writing the title, leaving the margins, paragraphing, capitalizing, and dividing words.用正确的文稿格式书写是非常重要的，因为它使文章被写的易于阅读并防止误解我们应该按照一般惯例写题目，留页边距，分段，首字母大写，并拆分单词When we write an essay to be read by the teacher, we should write on every other line so that there will be room for corrections. It is necessary to leave a margin of about two centimeters at the top and the bottom of the page, and one of a centimeter and a half on the right and left side.当我们按照老师阅读的要求写一篇文章时，应该隔行书写以便于有改正的空间。

必须在页面顶端和底部留出大约两厘米，右侧和左侧分别留出1.5厘米的页边距 We cannot make the right margin straight or neat, unless we are using a computer, but we should never write to the very edge of the page. When the space left near the end of a line is not or barely enough for the word we are going to write, we should write the word on the next line or divide the word if it is a long one. There must be a blank space on the right side of the page.我们不能使右边距整齐，除非正在用电脑，但绝不该写到页边缘当接近行尾，剩下的空间不够或勉强够写一个长单词，应该写在下一行或拆分单词页面右侧肯定有一处空白The title or topic of the essay should be placed in the middle of the first line. Every word of the title (including words following hyphens in compound words) should be capitalized. Except articles, short prepositions, coordinating conjunctions(and, or, but, so, yet, nor, and for) and to in infinitives. But if one of these words is the first or last word of the title, it should be capitalized. Topics are generally noun phrases(nouns with their modifiers), though other forms are possible. No full stop should be used at the end of a title. A question mark is needed if the topic is a direct question(but an indirect question is not followed by a question mark). The title of a book within the topic should be underlined(italicized in printing), and the title of an article put between quotation marks.文章的标题或主题应该在第一行居中。

标题的每个单词（包括复合词中连字符后的单词）应该首字母大写冠词、简短介词、并列连词（and, or, but, so, yet, nor和for）和不定式中的to除外，但如果是标题的第一或最后一个单词，应该首字母大写主题一般是名词短语（名词加修饰词），不过可能有其他形式标题结尾应该不用句点如果主题是一个直接问句需要加问号（但间接问句不能跟问号）主题中包含书名应该强调（斜体印刷），文章的标题应该放到引号中间Below are some examples:下面是一些例子：My Impressions of Beijing北京印象The Wall BetweenWhere Do All the New Words Come From？所有生词从何而来？What Traditions Mean to the Chinese什么习俗对中国人很重要A Clean, Well-Lighted Place一个干净、明亮的地方Different Views on Jane Eyre对简•爱的不同见解Interpretations of Robert Frost’s “Fire and Ice”解读罗伯特·弗罗斯特的“火与冰”The first line of every paragraph should be indented(started after a space of four or five letters).每段的第一行应该缩进（从四或五个字母的空格后开始）Arabic numerals are generally used for paging. They can be put either in the upper right-hand corner or in the middle below the last line of every page.阿拉伯数字通常被用于分页。

它们被放到每页的右上角或最后一行下方居中A line is never begun with a comma, a period, a semicolon, a colon, a question mark or an exclamation mark; a line never ends with the first half of a pair of brackets, quotation marks, or parentheses. The hyphen that shows a word is divided is put at the end, not at the beginning, of a line.一行从不起始于逗号、句点、分号、冒号、问号或感叹号；从不结束于上半个方括号、引号或圆括号出现连字符的拆分词被放在行尾而不是行首Ⅱ. Word Division二、拆分单词 The following hints may be helpful to us in the division of words:下面的提示可能对我们在拆分单词时有所帮助One-syllable words such as count, health and thought cannot be divided. Words with two or more syllables can be divided according to the formation of syllables: re-peat-ed, in-sist, punc-tu-al, san-dal, de-cline, trans-la-tion.单音节词例如count, health和thought不能被拆分。

有两个或更多音节的单词可以根据音节的构成被拆分：re-peat-ed, in-sist, punc-tu-al, san-dal, de-cline, trans-la-tionA stressed close syllable usually takes a consonant with it: ded-i-cate, grat-i-fy, la-bor-a-to-ry, fin-nish.一个重读闭音节通常带一个辅音字母：ded-i-cate, grat-i-fy, la-bor-a-to-ry, fin-nishA consonant plus -le is treated as a syllable: min-gle, peo-ple, no-ble, gig-gle.一个辅音字母加-le被视为一个音节：min-gle, peo-ple, no-ble, gig-gle.A single letter cannot be put at the end or at the beginning of a line: e-voke, heart-y.一个单独的字母不能被放在一行的结尾或开头：e-voke, heart-y.A two-letter ending should not be put at the beginning。