2009年全国硕士研究生考试英语（一）真题（含解析）.pdf

绝密启用前2009 年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语（科目代码：201）考生注意事项1.答题前，考生须在试题册指定位置上填写考生编号和考生姓名；在答题卡指定位置上填写报考单位、考生姓名和考生编号,并涂写考生编号信息点2. 考生须把试题册上的“试卷条形码”粘贴条取下，粘贴在答题卡的“试卷条形码粘贴位置”框中不按规定粘贴条形码而影响评卷结果的，责任由考生自负3. 选择题的答案必须涂写在答题卡相应题号的选项上，非选择题的答案必须书写在答题卡指定位置的边框区域内超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题册上答题无效4. 填（书）写部分必须使用黑色字迹签字笔书写，字迹工整、笔迹清楚；涂写部分必须使用 2B 铅笔填涂5.考试结束，将答题卡和试题册按规定交回以下信息考生必须认真填写）考生编号考生姓名2009年全国硕士研究生考试英语（一）真题第 1 页，共 15 页Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) Research on animal intelligence always makes us wonder just how smart humans are. 1 the fruit-fly experiments described by Carl Zimmer in the Science Times. Fruit flies who were taught to be smarter than the average fruit fly 2 to live shorter lives. This suggests that 3 bulbs burn longer, that there is a(n) 4 in not being too bright. Intelligence, it 5 , is a high-priced option. It takes more upkeep, burns more fuel and is slow 6 the starting line because it depends on learninga(n) 7 processinstead of instinct. Plenty of other species are able to learn, and one of the things theyve apparently learned is when to 8 . Is there an adaptive value to 9 intelligence? Thats the question behind this new research. Instead of casting a wistful glance 10 at all the species weve left in the dust I.Q.-wise, it implicitly asks what the real 11 of our own intelligence might be. This is旦 the mind of every animal weve ever met. Research on animal intelligence also makes us wonder what experiments animals would 13 on humans if they had the chance. Every cat with an owner, 14 , is running a small-scale study in operant conditioning. We believe that 15 animals ran the labs, they would test us to 16 the limits of our patience, our faithfulness, our memory for locations. They would try to decide what intelligence in humans is really 17 , not merely how much of it there is. 18 , they would hope to study a(n) 19 question: Are humans actually aware of the world they live in? 20 the results are mconclus1ve. 2009年全国硕士研究生考试英语（一）真题第 2 页，共 15 页1. A SupposeB ConsiderC ObserveD Imagine2. A tendedB fearedC happenedD threatened3. A thinnerB stablerC lighterD dimmer4. A tendencyB advantageC inclinationD priority5. A insists onB sums upC turns outD puts forward6. A offB behindC overD along7. A incredibleB spontaneousC inevitableD gradual8. A fightB doubtC stopD think9. A invisibleB limitedC indefiniteD different10. A upwardB forwardC afterwardD backward11. A featuresB influencesC resultsD costs12. A outsideB onC byD across13. A deliverB carryC performD apply14. A by chanceB in contrastC as usualD for instance15. A ifB unlessC asD lest16. A moderateB overcomeC determineD reach17. A atB forC afterD with18. A Above allB After allC HoweverD Otherwise19.A fundamentalBcomprehensiveC equivalentD hostile20.A By accidentB In timeC So farD Better stillSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosingA, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)2009年全国硕士研究生考试英语（一）真题第 3 页，共 15 页Text 1 Habits are a funny thing. We reach for them mindlessly, setting our brains on auto-pilot and relaxing into the unconscious comfort of familiar routine. Not choice, but habit rules the unreflecting herd, William Wordsworth said in the 19th century. In the ever-changing 21st century, even the word habit carries a negative implication. So it seems paradoxical to talk about habits in the same context as creativity and innovation. But brain researchers have discovered that when we consciously develop new habits, we create parallel paths, and even entirely new brain cells, that can jump our trains of thought onto new, innovative tracks. Rather than dismissing ourselves as unchangeable creatures of habit, we can instead direct our own change by consciously developing new habits. In fact, the more new things we trythe more we step outside our comfort zonethe more 呻erentlycreative we become, both in the workplace and in our personal lives. But dont bother trying to kill off old habits; once those 画 of procedure are worn into the brain, theyre there to stay. Instead, the new habits we deliberately press into ourselves create parallel pathways that can bypass those old roads. The first thing needed for innovation is a fascination with wonder, says Dawna Markova, author of The Open Mind. But we are taught instead to decide , just as our president calls himself the Decider. She adds, however, that to decide is to kill off all possibilities but one. A good innovational thinker is always exploring the many other possibilities. All of us work through problems in ways of which were unaware, she says. Researchers in the late 1960s discovered that humans are born with the capacity to approach challenges in four primary ways: analytically, procedurally, relationally (or collaboratively) and innovatively. At the end of adolescence, however, the brain shuts down 。