2015届高考英语二轮复习 专题二　名词课堂训练.doc

专题二　名　　词1. (2014·安徽卷)— Why not buy a second－hand car first if you don't have enough money for a new one?— That's a good ________．A. saying　 B. questionC. suggestion　　 D. account2. (2014·江苏卷)She was put under house arrest two years ago but remained a powerful ________ in last year's election.A. symbol　 B. portraitC. identity 　 D. statue3. (2014·福建卷)— Could you tell me the ________ of making such tasty cakes?— Well, I just follow the directions in the cookbook.A. feature　 B. planC. cost　　 D. trick4. (2014·天津卷)Wind is now the world's fastest growing ________ of power.A. source B. sense C. result D. root5. (2014·浙江卷)We most prefer to say yes to the ________ of someone we know and like.A. attemptsB. requestsC. doubtsD. promises6. (2014·湖北卷)Her ________ for writing was a desire for women to get the right to higher education.A. motivationB. qualificationC. talentD. technique 7. (2014·湖北卷)When Richard said, “You are much more agreeable and prettier now”， Joan's face turned red at the unexpected ________．A. commandB. comparisonC. complimentD. contribution 8. (2013·江苏卷)With inspiration from other food culture, American food culture can take a ________ for the better.A. share　　 B. chance C. turn D. lead9. (2013·浙江卷)As the world's population continues to grow, the ________ of food becomes more and more of a concern.A. worth　　 B. supply　 C. package　　 D. list10. (2013·湖北卷)Carbon dioxide, which makes a ________ between us and the sun, prevents heat from getting out of the atmosphere easily, so the earth is becoming warmer.A. difference　　 B. comparisonC. connection　　 D. barrier1. 【答案】 C【解析】 句意：——如果你没有足够的钱买新车，为什么不买辆二手车呢？——是个好建议。

saying(谚语，格言)；question(问题); suggestion(建议)；account(记述；账户；解释)本题中的“Why not...？”表建议2. 【答案】 A【解析】 句意：尽管她两年前就被软禁起来了，但她在去年的选举中依然是个势力强大的代表人物symbol(符号，标志；象征；代表人物); portrait(肖像，画像); identity(身份；个性); statue(塑像，雕像)3. 【答案】 D【解析】 句意：——你能告诉我制作如此美味的蛋糕有什么诀窍吗？——哦，我只是照着烹调书的说明做的feature(特征；特写)；plan(计划)；cost(成本)；trick(诡计；诀窍；戏法)4. 【答案】 A【解析】 句意：风能如今是世界上发展最快的能量来源source(源头)；sense(感觉；判断力)；result(结果)；root(根源)5. 【答案】 B【解析】 句意：我们更喜欢同意我们认识并喜爱的人的请求attempts(试图，尝试)；requests(要求，请求)；doubts(怀疑)；promises(许诺)6. 【答案】 A【解析】 句意：她写作的动力是希望让女性得到更高教育的权利。

motivation(动机，动力，诱因)；qualification(资格)；talent(才能，才干)；technique(技术；技巧)根据本句后半句“a desire for women to get the right to higher education”可知叙述的是她为什么要进行写作，也就是她写作的动机7. 【答案】 C【解析】 句意：当Richard说，“你现在更有礼貌更漂亮了”，听了这出乎意料的称赞(compliment)，Joan的脸红了8. 【答案】 C【解析】 句意：受其他饮食文化的启发，美国的饮食文化可以向更好的方向转变share (份额，股份); chance(机会，可能); turn(变化， 转变); lead(榜样，领先地位)9. 【答案】 B【解析】 句意：随着世界人口的持续增长，食物的供给越来越成为一个关注的焦点worth(价值); supply(供应)；package(包); list(清单)10. 【答案】 D【解析】 句意：二氧化碳在我们和太阳之间形成一道屏障，很容易阻止热量从大气层散发出去，因此地球正变得越来越暖和difference(区别)；comparison(比较)；connection(联系，连接)；barrier(障碍，屏障)。

高考对于名词的考查重点以词义辨析为主，要特别注意名词的固定搭配、抽象名词的具体化、一词多义以及熟词新义近些年考查名词的题目，在设问方面更趋精细化近年来高考热点名词的辨析有五大特征：1. 固定搭配，如：develop a preference/taste for..., make a barrier between..., cause damage to...2. 以－tion, －sion, －ce, －ment, －ty等为后缀的词，如： expectation, reputation, accommodation, occupation, adaptation, appreciation, participation, contribution, civilization, connection, competition, ambition, satisfaction; impression, expression; patience, consequence, significance, intelligence; arrangement, assessment, equipment, compliment; quality, quantity, identity。

3. 形近词的辨析，如：symbol, sign, signal; symptom, sympathy; priority, privilege4. 近义词的辨析，如：harm, injury, ruin, damage; advice, suggestion, idea; offer, supply; strength, talent, ability, skill5. “无关联”词汇的辨析，如：luck, value, time, fact; operation, growth, performance, character; purpose, reference, progress, memory; promise, lead, balance, diary要点储备一：名词的特殊情形1复数形式表示特别含义customs(海关), forces(军队), times(时代), drinks(饮料), sands(沙滩), papers(文件，文献), manners(礼貌), looks(外表), brains(智力), greens(青菜), ruins(废墟), congratulations, fireworks, stockings, stocks, trousers, waters(水域), belongings, surroundings, savings(积蓄), riches(财富), ashes(灰尘), in high spirits(情绪高涨), in rags(衣衫褴褛), have words with sb.(同某人吵架), give one's regards to sb.(向某人问候), make both ends meet(收支平衡), do/make repairs(修理，维修)，make preparations for sth. / to do sth.2只用作不可数名词advice, wood, clothing, bread, baggage, luggage, furniture, fun, work, homework, housework, information, weather, news, equipment, traffic, progress, rubbish, money, word(消息)，man/mankind(人类)3可数不可数意义不同beauty(美人)(美丽), change(变化)(零钱), exercise(练习)(锻炼), experience(经历)(经验), life(生命)(生活), room(房间)(空间), word(单词)(消息), work(作品)(工作), paper(报纸；试卷；论文)(纸), time(次数)(时间), light(灯)(光), chicken(小鸡)(鸡肉), orange(橘子)(橘子汁)4抽象名词可数用法[U]表具体的人或物时a failure, a success, a concern(关心之事), a pity(遗憾之事), a pleasure(乐事), an honour(光荣之事), a(n) increase/decrease in...(某方面的增长/下降), a deep love(深爱), a rise in pay(涨工资), a strong wind(大风), a heavy rain(一场大雨), a rising sun(正在升起的太阳), a sense of direction(方向感), a waste of time(浪费时间), a matter of life。