考研英语一翻译课件.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,,第二级,,第三级,,第四级,,第五级,,,,*,,,2011,年考研英语,(,一,),翻译真题,,,,,赵莹莹,,,,Part C,,,With its theme that “Mind is the master weaver,” creating our inner character and outer circumstances, the book As a Man Thinketh by James Allen is an in-depth exploration of the central idea of self-help writing.,,,,,,,,,,,,,(46),Allen,’,s contribution was to take an assumption we all,,share-,that,,because,we are not robots we therefore control,,our thoughts-,and,,reveal its erroneous nature.,,,句子结构：,,找到并列连词,and,，句子为,and,连接的并列结构,,,主干：,,,Allen’s contribution was to take an assumption,①,we all,,share-,②,that,because we are not robots we therefore control,,our thoughts,-and reveal its erroneous nature.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,分句处理一,,Allen,’,s contribution was to take an assumption,,and reveal its erroneous nature.,,,assumption,：,,该词及其动词形式,assume,,,文中可以译为“假定设想，想法”,,,,take,：,,拿，吃 ，接受，获得。

在文中：“拿出，提出”erroneous,：,,error,名词,,形容词形式，指“错误的，谬误的，不正确的”分句处理一,,Allen,’,s contribution was to take an assumption,,and reveal its erroneous nature.,,,,nature,：,,,自然,,文中“本质”或“实质”,,,艾伦的贡献在于他提出了一个假设，并揭示了他的谬误所在分句处理二,,an assumption we all share,,①,we all share,,,是一个定语从句，修饰,assumption,,assumption,,在这个从句中做宾语，所以省略,了,,that,that,,because,we are not robots we therefore control our thought,,,②,that,从句为同位语从句,,同位语从句中又包含一个原因状语从句Allen,’,s contribution was to take an assumption we all share-,that,because we are not robots we therefore control our thoughts-,and,,reveal its erroneous nature.,,翻译：,,,艾伦的贡献在于,,他拿出“我们并非机器人，因此能掌握自己的思想”这一公认的假设，并揭示了其谬误所在。

我们每个人都认为：自己不是机器人，因此能够控制自己的思想；爱伦的贡献在于他拿出了这一假说，并揭示其错误的本质47,) while we may be able to sustain the illusion of control through the conscious mind alone, in reality we are continually faced with a question:,“,Why cannot I make myself do this or achieve that?,”,,,结构分析：,,while, in reality,,,while,引导让步状语从句,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,主干：,①,while,we may be able to sustain the illusion of control through the conscious mind alone,,②,,in reality,we are continually faced with a question,:,“,Why cannot I make myself do this or,,achieve that?,”,,,be faced with,：,,,Men and,,women show different inclinations when faced with stress.,,,表示“面对着，面临着”。

我们不断地面临一个问题分句处理一,,①,while we may be able to sustain the illusion of control through the conscious mind alone,,While,：,,引导让步状语从句，可以译为“尽管,……”,sustain,：,,表示“维持，保持”,,the illusion of control,：,,表示“控制的错觉”,,through,：,,“通过，凭借”状语部分前置，以符合汉语表达习惯虽然我们可能仅仅通过意识即可保持这种控制的错觉”紧跟在,question,后的问句事实上是,question,的同位语从句make sb. do sth,.,：,,,表示“使,……,做,……”,或“让,……,做,…”,我们为什么不能让自己做这个或实现那个？,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,分句处理二,,,question,“,Why cannot I make myself do this or achieve that?,”,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,①,while,we may be able to sustain the illusion of control,,through the conscious mind alone,,②,,in reality,we are,,continually faced with a question,: “Why cannot I make,,myself do this or,,achieve that?”,,翻译：,,,尽管我们或许可以仅凭意识来维系,“,控制,”,这种错觉，现实中我们还是不断要面对一个问题：,“,我为什么不能让自己做这个或实现那个？,”,,,尽管我们可以仅仅通过意识维持控制的错觉，但实际上我们一直面临着一个问题，为什么我不能做这件事情或完成那件事情。

48),This seems a justification for neglect of those in need,,,and,a rationalization of exploitation, of the superiority of those,,at the top,and,the inferiority of those at the bottom.,,,结构分析：,,,并列连词,and,,,,,,,,,主干：,,,,1,This seems a justification,for neglect of those in need,,,2,,and a rationalization,of exploitation, of the superiority of,,,those,,at the top and the inferiority of those at the bottom.,,justify,,（,v,,证明,…,是正当的，替,…,辩护）,,,justified,,（,adj,有正当理由的，合乎情理的）,,,justification,：,n,理由，辩护rationalization,：,,rationalize,的名词形式，可译为“合理化”。

这似乎是为,……,辩护和使,……,合理化分句处理一,,Thi,s seems a justification,for neglect of those in need,,,,in need,：,,谚语：“,A friend in need is a friend indeed,.,”,(,患难见真情),,,在本句中，,those in need,指“在贫困中，在危难中的人”这似乎是在为忽略贫困的人的行为辩护,,,,,,分句处理二,,and a rationalization,of exploitation, of the superiority of,,,those,,at the top,and,the inferiority of those at the bottom.,,,在本句中，,of exploitation,和“,of the superiority … and the inferiority …,”,是并列关系，都作后置定语来修饰,rationalization,,,,,,,,,,and a rationalization,of exploitation, of the superiority of,,those,,at the top,,and,the,inferiority of those at the bottom.,,exploitation,,exploit: v,开发、开拓；剥削；开采,,,superiority,和,inferiority,：这两个词分别是,superior,和,inferior,的名词形式，分别表示“优越感”和“自卑感”。

为剥削，和社会上层人群的优越感以及下层人的卑微感找理由1,This seems a justification,for neglect of those in need,,2,,and a rationalization,of exploitation, of the superiority of those,,at the top and the inferiority of those at the bottom.,,翻译：,,这似乎是在为忽视贫困者的行为辩护，为剥,削、为社会上层人群的优越及社会底层人群的卑微找理由这种说法似乎为忽视需要帮助的做法找到了借口，使剥削行为和社会上层人的优越感，底层人的卑微感合理化49),circumstances seem to be designed to bring out the best in us,and,,if,we feel that we have been “wronged”,then,we are unlikely to begin a conscious effort to escape from our situation.,,,主干,:,(,49),1,circumstances seem to be designed,to bring out the best in us,2,,and,if we feel that we have been “wronged” then,we are unlikely to begin a conscious effort,to escape from our situation.,,,.,be designed to,：,,意思是“目的是，被设计来,……,”。

be unlikely to do sth.,：,,指“不太可能做某事”，该词组是,,“,be likely to do sth.”,,conscious effort,：,,意思是“有意识的努力，自觉的努力”,,环境似乎是为了,……,而设，并且我们不太可能有意识的努力分句处理一,,49),1,circumstances seem to be designed,to bring out,,the best in us,,,,bring out,：,原意为“拿出”,,,具体语境中可以理解为,:,,,,“拿出，取出”“把,……,带到户外”“使出现，,,,使暴露”“阐明”“出产，出版”“说出”等环境似乎是为了激发我们最大的潜能而设分句处理二,,2,,and,if we feel that we have been “wronged” then,we,,are unlikely to begin a conscious effort,to escape from,,our situation.,,,wrong,：,,可以作名词、形容词、副词、动词；,,,文中作动词，表示“冤枉”或“不公正地对待”。

如果我们觉得遭受了不公平的待遇，那么我们就不大可能,,有意识的摆脱自己的处境49),1,circumstances seem to be designed,to bring out the best in us,2,,and,if we feel that we have been“wronged” then,we are unlikely to begin a conscious effort,to escape from our situation.,翻译：,,环境仿佛就是为了激发我们的最大潜能而设，如果我们觉得自己遭受了“不公”，就不大可能有意识地去努力摆脱自己的处境环境似乎旨在激发我们的最大潜能，如果我们感觉,“上天不公”，那么就不太可能会自觉地努力脱离现状50),The upside is the possibilities contained in knowing that,,everything is up to us; where before we were experts in the,,array of limitations, now we become authorities of what is,,possible.,,,结构分析：,,分号将句子分为两个部分,,主干,,,,1,The upside is the possibilities,contained in knowing that,,everything is up to us,;,2,where before we were experts in the,,array of limitations, now,we become authorities,of what is,,possible.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,分句处理,,1,The upside is the possibilities,contained in knowing that,,everything is up to us,,.,,upside,：原意指“上部，上方”,,引申义为,,“,the more positive aspect of a situation that is generally,,bad”(,事物积极的一面,),。

up to,：,,“取决于，由,……,决定”contained in knowing that … up to us,”,,是过去分词作后置定语，修饰,possibilities,；,,,积极的一面在于知道了一切取决于我们自己，就有了诸多可能分句处理,,2,where before we were experts in the array of limitations,,,now,we become authorities,of what is possible.,,,Where,,引导的状语从句置于句首时，和主句在语义上,,构成对比关系array of limitations,：,,,array of,指“大量的，一系列的”,,limitations,指“局限，限制”此前我们是谙熟各种局限的专家，现在我们成,,了驾驭各种可能性的权威翻译：,,,其正面意义在于，了解一切都取决于我们自己，即有了,,诸多可能；,此前我们是谙熟各种局限的专家，现在我们成,,了驾驭各种可能性的权威积极的一面是，既然万事都取决于我们，那么就有无限,,可能以前，我们能够熟练应对种种局限；现在，我们能,,够驾驭各种可能。

积极的方面是：知道一切都取决于我们自己，那么万事,,就有无限可能以前，我们能在诸多限制中应对自如；而,,现在，我们会成为决定一切可能性的主宰。