五年级英语下册知识讲义-时态专项训练(上)-湘少版.pdf

小学英语时态专项训练（上）1. 掌握一般现在时的含义和用法2. 掌握现在进行时的含义和用法重点： 掌握一般现在时和现在进行时的构成以及常用句式难点： 能正确运用一般现在时和现在进行时描述身边的事情知识梳理一、一般现在时( 一) 用法：1. 表示事物或人的状态、特征He looks like his father. 他看起来像他爸爸The milk is hot. 牛奶很热2. 表示经常性或习惯性发生的动作，常与every day, often, always, usually等时间状语连用I often ride my bike to school. 我经常骑自行车去上学His father likes reading books at the weekends. 他爸爸周末喜欢读书3. 表示客观事实或真理Dogs have four legs. 狗有四条腿The sun rises in the east. 太阳从东方升起 二) 构成：1. 主语+ be(am/is/are) +其他. (其否定句在 be 后加 not ；一般疑问句将 be提到句首；特殊疑问句是特殊疑问词加上一般疑问句。

) They are Tom s parents. They are not Tom s parents. Who are they? 2. 主语( 非第三人称单数 ) + 动词原形 +其他. 否定句借助于助动词dont ，后接动词原形一般疑问句将助动词do 放在句首，其后动词用原形特殊疑问句即：特殊疑问词后接一般疑问句Lisa and Mary like swimming. Do Lisa and Mary like swimming? What do Lisa and Mary like doing? 3. 主语( 第三人称单数 ) + 动词的第三人称单数形式 +其他. 否定句借助于助动词doesnt ，后接动词原形一般疑问句将助动词does 放在句首，其后动词用原形特殊疑问句即：特殊疑问词后接一般疑问句Peter goes to work by bus everyday? Peter doesn t go to work by bus everyday. Does Peter go to work by bus everyday? How does Peter go to work everyday? ( 三) 句式：以 work 为例：肯定句否定句一般疑问句以及答语特殊疑问句I/ We/ You/ They workin Beijing. I/ We/You/ They dont work in Beijing. DoI/we/you/they work in Beijing? Yes, I/we/you/they do. No , I/we/you/they dont . Where do I/we/ you/they work? He/ She /It worksin Beijing. He/ She / It doesnt work in Beijing. Doeshe/she/it work in Beijing? Yes, he/she/it does. No , he /she/it doesnt . Where does he / she / it work? ( 四) 动词第三人称单数变化规则：变化规则例词读音一般的直接在动词词尾加-s 。

help helps; work works在 清 辅 音 后 读/s/ ； 在浊辅音和元音后读 /z/ ； 在/s/, /z/, / ? /, / ? /, /?/ 后读/ ? z/ 以 s, x, ch, sh, o结尾的动词加-es watch watches; do does以 “辅音字母 +y”结尾的动词，变 y 为 i, 再加-es study studies; tidy tidies特殊变化的动词没有规律，需要特殊记忆have has; eat ate 1. Jim _ to work at eight every day. A. go B. goes C. is 答案： B 思路分析： 根据时间状语 every day 可知时态为一般现在时；主语Jim 是第三人称单数，故排除A 项；表达“去上班”用实义动词go，故选 B 项句意为“吉姆每天八点钟去上班 ”2. We _ to school at the weekend. A. are nt go B. doesn t go C. don t go 答案： C 思路分析： 浏览各选项可知本句是否定句；主语是we ，非第三人称单数，谓语动词是实义动词，故要借助于助动词dont ，后接动词原形，只有C 项合适。

3. Where _ he from? He _ from China. A. is; comes B. is; come C. does; come 答案： A 思路分析： 题干中的问句没有实义动词，故不能用does，只能用 is ，排除C项； 答语中的主语 he 是第三人称单数，故谓语动词用第三人称单数形式comes ，选 A项be from 和 come from 都有“来自”之意4. Does your sister sing very well? Yes, _. A. my sister does B. she doesn t C. she does 答案： C 思路分析： 根据答语中的 yes 可知是肯定回答，故排除B项；A项中的主语用的是名词，错误，应用相应的人称代词，故选C项二、现在进行时( 一) 用法：表示现在 ( 说话瞬间 ) 正在进行或发生的动作常与时间状语now以及动词listen, look等连用Listen! Someone is singing in the next room. 听！有人正在隔壁房间里唱歌They are having lunch now. 他们现在正在吃午饭。

二) 构成：由助动词 be(am/is/ are) +动词的现在分词构成， be 的形式由主语的人称来确定否定句在助动词 be 后加 not 一般疑问句将助动词be 放在句首特殊疑问句用特殊疑问词加一般疑问句 三) 句式：肯定句否定句一般疑问句以及答语特殊疑问句I am listeningto music. I am not listening to music. Are you listening to music?Yes, I am . / No , I m not . What areyou listening to? He/ She /It is listening to music. He/ She / It isn t listening to music. Ishe/she/it listeningto music? Yes, he/she/it is . What ishe/she/it doing ? No, he /she/it isn t . We/ You/ They are listeningto music. We/You/They arent listening to music. Are we/ you/ they listeningto music? Yes, we/you/ they are . No, we/you/they arent . What arewe/you/they doing ? ( 四) 现在分词的变化规则 ：变化规则例词读音一 般 的 直 接 在 动 词 词 尾 加-ing 。

help helping; work working -ing 读/ ? ? / 以不发音字母 e 结尾的动词，去掉字母 e，再加-ing live living; make making以重读闭音节结尾，且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，双写辅音字母，再加 ing get getting; run running1. Look! The cat _. A. eating B. is eating C. eat 答案： B 思路分析： 根据 look 可知句子用现在进行时；构成形式为：助动词be+动词的-ing 形式，故选 B项句意为“看！那只猫正在吃东西 ”2. Ben and I _ some flowers now. A. am planting B. planting C. are planting 答案： C 思路分析： 根据时间状语 now可知时态用现在进行时；主语是Ben and I ，表示复数，故助动词用are，后接动词的 -ing 形式，故选 C项3. What is Amy doing? She _ for exercising. A. is running B. running C. is runing 答案： A 思路分析： 问句时态是现在进行时，故答语也用现在进行时；构成形式为：助动词 be+动词的-ing 形式。

run 的现在分词形式是running ，故选 A项同步练习 （答题时间： 15 分钟）一、单项选择1. My father _ a worker. A. am B. are C. is 2. The girl often _ home at 5:00 in the afternoon. A. go B. goes C. is go 3. We _ games after school. A. don t play B. doesn t play C. don t plays 4. His brother _ a kite now. A. makes B. is making C. making 5. _ the students _ the books now? A. Do; read B. Are; reading C. Is; reading 二、找出错误并进行改正1. Sarah play the guitar every day. A B C 2. His father fishing in the boat now. A B C 3. Do Mary watch TV at night? A B C 4. Mr. Brown and Mrs. Brown dont goes shopping at weekends. A B C 5. What are your mother doing now? A B C 三、阅读理解My name is Mike. I have a big family. Its Saturday morning. My grandfather is sitting on the sofa near the window. He is reading the newspaper. My grandmother is taking photos of some flowers in the garden near the house. My father is watching sports games on TV in his bedroom. Basketball games are his favorite but he cant play basketball. Where are my two sisters? Oh, look! Lily is over there. She is listening to music. She likes music very much. Lucy is in her room. There is a computer in her room. She is surfing the Internet(上网). She is writing an e-mail。