音标专题学科教师辅导讲义.doc

学科教师讲义（第 讲）编辑教师课 题语 音 （Phonetics）教学目标1. 正确掌握元音字母，辅音字母的读音规则，培养按字母、字母组合发音规律和读音规则记忆单词的能力2. 朗读中的句子重音，意群和停顿，连续和不完全爆破，及语调 重点、难点1.元音字母在重读开音节，闭音节中的读音规则，字母组合的读音规则2.朗读中句子重音，意群和停顿，连续和不完全爆破，及语调3.正确并快速识别语音并应用于题目 考点及考试要求口试：句子重音，意群和停顿，连续和不完全爆破，及语调笔试：快速识别音素，音节，运用于题目教学内容一、基本读音规则：掌握元音字母a, e, i (y), o, u, 在重读开，闭音节中的读音，辅音字母在单词中的基本读音掌握常见字母组合的读音规则，以及常见不符合读音规则的单词的读音注意单词的重音，辅音连缀和成节音如： 元音字母a, e, i(y), o, u在重读开，闭音节中的读音字 母音 节 读 音 举 例 a 开音节 /eɪ/ cake, table闭音节 /æ/ bag, stamp e开音节 / i :/ these, he闭音节 /e/ tell, invent i, y开音节 /aɪ/ like, why闭音节 /ɪ/ big, Olympic o开音节 /əʊ/ home, no闭音节 /ɒ/ dog, October u开音节 /u:/ , / j u:/ ruler, use闭音节 /ʌ/, /ʊ/ cut, put 部分辅音字母的读音 b /b/ before d /d/ duck f /f/ five h /h/ him j /dʒ/ jacket k /k/ kite l /l/ leave m /m/ meet p /p/ peach r /r/ red t /t/ ten v /v/ very w /w/ wear z /z/ zoo g /g/ girl /dʒ/ age n /n/nose /ŋ/ thank x /k s/ box /g z/ example c /k/ cat /s/ city /ʃ/ ocean s /s/ sun /z/ workers /ʃ/ sure /ʒ/ pleasure ai /eɪ/ rainay /eɪ/ dayar /ɑ:/ car /ɔ:/ warmau /ɔ:/ autumn /ɑ: / laughal /ɔ:/ talk /ɔ:l/ also /ɑ:/ halfea /i:/ tea /e/ headei /eɪ/ eight /aɪ/ eitheree /i:/ teether /ɜ:/ herie /i:/ piece /aɪ/ lieew /u:/ grewir /ɜ:/ birdoa /əʊ/ boatoi /ɔɪ/ coinoy /ɔɪ/ boyor /ɔ:/ sportoo /u:/ food / ʊ / bookow /əʊ/ slow /aʊ/ townou /aʊ/slow /ʌ/ roughui /u:/ fruit /ɪ/ buildur /ɜ:/ turnph /f/ photogh /f/ laughch /tʃ/ chair /ʃ/ machine /k/ schoolth /θ/ think /ð/ that wh /w/ what /h/ whoair /eə/ pairare /eə/ careire /aɪə/ fireere /ɪə/ here /eə/ whereear /ɪə/ hear /eə/ bear /ɑ:/ hearture /ʊə/ sure 有些字母组合在非重读音节中也较为常见，如：ay /ɪ/ Mondayer /ə/ driveror /ə/ doctorur /ə/ surpriseou /ə/ famous 举 例 单词的重音 /`ti: tʃə/ teacher, /ə`bʌv/ above 辅音连缀 /pl-/ please, /sp-/ space 成节音 /-dl/ middle, /-sn/ person二．音标：能认读全部元音和辅音音标；能借助音标拼读单词。

如： 音 标 单 词 音 标 单 词 /`lɪtl/ little /dʒʌmp/ jump /`sætədɪ/ Saturday /`ɔ:lweɪz/ always三．句子的朗读：掌握句子重音，意群和停顿，升调和降调在句中和句末的运用，注意连读和失爆1. 句子重音如：I `like the `black `jeans. The `blue `ones aren’t `long `enough.Ex`cuse me, can you `tell me the `way to the `hospital?`Yes.`Go `straight a`head and `turn `left at the `first` crossing.2.意群和停顿在句与句之间要停顿，在句中相对独立的意群之间也要作相对的停顿如： ⑴ My name’s Li Ming. ‖I’m from Shanghai. ‖ I like English very much. ‖ And I also enjoy swimming | and playing football. ‖If you want to go swimming |or play football with me, |just email me |or telephone me. ‖I will tell you my email address| and telephone number| after class. ‖And if any one of you| is interested in English, | we can email each other| and talk over the phone| in English. ⑵ France is a leader in art and culture, too. ‖A lot of young students from different countries |go to France| to further their studies. ‖Every year,| French film festivals, | exhibitions| and concerts | are organized | all over the world.3. 升调和降调 ⑴ 陈述句，如：① Hello ↑.Hello↓, Rose↑.② She’s got long black hair↓.③ I’d like chicken↑,chips↑and salad↓,please↓.④ It’s a nice coat↓,but it’s too expensive↓.⑤ He was late for school yesterday↑because he was ill↓.⑥ If there is no rain↑, the animals will have no water to drink↓.⑵ 疑问句一般疑问句，如：① A：Have you ever been to the Century Park in Pudong↑?B：No↓, I haven’t↓.② A: Would you like to have a cup of tea↑?B: Yes↓,please↓.特殊疑问句，如：① A: Where are you from↓?B：I’m from Shanghai↓.② A: How was your holiday↓?B: It was very nice↓.反意疑问句，如：① They arrived this morning↓, didn’t↑they?② He doesn’t like it↓, does↓he?选择疑问句，如：① Would you like coffee↑or tea↓?② How does your father go to work, by bike↑or by bus↓?⑶祈使句，如: ① Turn off the light↓.② Let’s go↓.③ Take a seat, please↑.⑷感叹句, 如：How beautiful the garden is↓!⑸情景中的恰当使用, 如：① A: Tom↓. B: Yes↑? A: May I borrow your bike↑? B: Yes↓, of course↓.② A: Will you go travelling with them next month↑? B: No↓, I won’t↓ A: No↑? But why↓?③ A: I’m sorry↓I’m late↑. B: That’s all right↑.④ A: Three packets of biscuits, please↑. B: Sorry↑? How many↑?4. 连续 音 标 词 组 音 标 句 子 /hɑ:fə`naʊə/half an hour/`teɪkɪ`tɪ:zɪ/Take it easy. /`kɑ:ntʃʊ/ can’t you/`pli:z`kɒpɪjɪt/Please copy it./ə`kɑ:rəv`hɪzəʊn/a car of his own5. 不完全爆破如：swee(t) food rea(d) the booka bi(g) blac(k) board ge(t) two pos(t) cardsSi(t) down Goo(d) morning!I don’(t) li(ke) po(p) songs. 【考点链接】1. 通过掌握发音规律记忆单词提高拼写单词的准确度。

2. 通过掌握朗读中的句子重音，意群和停顿，连续和。