高中英语完型填空易混词汇辨析.docx

常用词汇、词组辨析本局部将常用易混词和词组归纳为127例，进行详细的辨析，并举例说明，以便于考生掌 握使用以下这些词大局部出现在大纲词表上，考生应在学习中特别注意加以区分1) abroad adv. /aboard adv. /board n.&v.前两个词是副词，词形相近，容易记混这两个词的意思差异很大abroad意为“在国外”； 而aboard的意思是“登(机)，上(车船等)"，与动词g搭配来表示登机等；最后一个词 board常用来表示“登机，上船”，是动词例：I have decided to study abroad next year.我已决定明年去国外读书It is time to go aboard.现在该登机了We are asked to board half an hour before departure time.起飞前半小时之内，我们必须登机2) absorb v. /concentrate v.absorb原义为“吸收”,引申词义为“吸引(注意力，精力等原,常用于be absorbed in sth. 表示“被……吸引住，专注于"；concentrate的意思是“集中精神，全神贯注，聚精会神”， 多与on或upon连用。

彳列：The picture absorbed my attention.我被这幅画迷住了He found his brother absorbed in the watching of the match.他发现弟弟在聚精会神地看比赛She tried to concentrate on her work in the university.她试图专心致志地在大学里工作3) accomplish vt. /complete vt.&a. /achieve vt.accomplish的词义是“成功地完成每项任务”，尤其指经过一定努力后完成；complete主要 指“全部完成了，没有剩下”，另外complete也是形容词，意为“完整的，完全的"；achieve 与accomplish相近，指“经过努力最终到达预期的目标”彳列：I knew that I had accomplished something during my first year in Beijing.我知道在北京的第一年我已经取得了一些成就I have just completed the revision of this report.我刚刚完成对报告的修订。

He went to London without having achieved any success.他一事无成便去了伦敦4) accurate a. /correct a. /exact a.accurate的意思是“精确的,准确的"；correct的意思是“正确的，没有错误的"；exact的 意思是“确切的，正好的二彳列：I need an accurate figure on what we have lost in the battle.我需要有关战事损失的准确数字This is not the correct answer to that question.这不是那个问题的正确答案These are the exact tools those people used several thousand years ago.有些动物关在笼子里就会很难繁殖Many farmers breed cows and sheep.许多农民养牛和羊She was feeding the baby with porridge.她正用粥喂自己的宝宝The cows were feeding quietly in the meadows.牛群在草地上静静地吃草。

39) burden n. /load n.burden意为“负担，包袱，担子”，多为贬义；load意为“装载物，负荷，工作量”，也可 指“思想上的负担，压力”例：They don, t want to add to the government? s burden.他们不想给政府添包袱He was faced with the severe financial burden.他面临着严重的财政负担The bridge has been built to support very heavy load.建这座桥是为了使重载车也能通过The load on her mind grew lighter.她的思想负担轻了许多40) campaign n. /champion n.这两个词词形与发音相近，容易弄混campaign意为“(竞选)运动，战役"；champion意 为“冠军”例：The Germans were defeated in the campaign in North Africa.德国人在北非战役中打了败仗The Party suggested a renewed campaign to raise production and practise economy.该党建议发起新的一轮运动来提高生产，开展经济。

The champion issued a challenge to all other boxers to fight him.拳击冠军向所有其他拳击手发出挑战41) canal n. /channel n. /tunnel n.canal意为“运河等人工开凿的河流"；channel的意思是“海峡，渠道频道；tunnel的意 思是“隧道，地道”彳列：The big canal was completed in five years.修建这条大运河花了5年时间The English Channel separates France from England.英吉利海峡将英法两国隔开You should go through the official channels if you want the government to help.如果你想得到政府的帮助，你就必须通过官方渠道The railroad passes under the mountain through a tunnel.铁路经隧道从大山下面通过42) candidate n. /applicant n. /competitor n. /representative n.candidate意为“候选人，应征者”；applicant意为“申请人”；competitor意为“竞赛对手”； representative 意为“代表”。

例：This time our candidate got 260 votes.这一次我们的候选人获得了 260张选票There were three applicants for the job.这项工作有3个人申请Tell the competitors for the next race to come here.告诉下一项比赛的参赛者到这里来James is our representative at the meeting.詹姆斯在会上是代表我们的43) cargo n. /commodity n. /goods n.cargo一般指“船或飞机运载的货物"；commodity意为“商品”；goods用来泛指“商品，货 物等二彳列：These planes can carry a cargo of six tons.这些飞机能运载6吨货物Wine is one of the many commodities that France sells abroad.葡萄酒是法国向海外销售的许多商品之一The goods were brought round early this morning.今天一大早，这些货物就被带来。

Consumer goods production was to go up by 7 percent.消费品生产计划增长7%44) case n. /condition n. /situation n. /occasion n.case常指事物的特定情况,事情真相和始末,如“病例”、“案件”等；condition指某时某 处事情开展、存在的状况、状态或条件，一个人的“感觉如何"；situation往往指一组情况 或一些情况的综合，常译为“情况”、“形势”；occasion指特定的“时机”、“场合”、“良机” 彳列：All the people involved in this case must be present.所有与这起案件有关的人都必须到场Conditions in the office made concentration impossible.办公室的状况根本不可能使人专心The current international situation is not optimistic.目前的国际形势不容乐观It is not very suitable to sing such a song on this formal occasion.在这种场合唱这样一首歌是不太合适的。

45) chance n. /opportunity n. /advantage n. /fortune n.chance着重指偶然或意外的可能，有时也指“好机会”，这时可用"opportunity"替代； opportunity着重指“好机会”,带有“适逢其时、正好便于行事”之意；advantage指有利 的条件或优势；fortune指人“交好运气”，有一定迷信的色彩彳列：There is a chance that I will see him these days.这几天我有可能见到他The 2008 Olympic Games will bring us many opportunities and challenges.2008年奥运会将给我们带来许多机遇和挑战It is to your advantage to invest wisely.明智地投资对你很有利It is also believed that fireworks will bring good fortune in the coming year.据说放鞭炮还能为人们在新的一年里带来好运气46) contest n. /match n. /game n. /play n. /competition n.contest指“人与人之间进行争夺以取得优胜”之意；match指对手之间进行的比赛、竞赛等 力量或智慧较量，通常指具体的比赛；game指决胜负的游戏，通常有一套规那么；美国称比 赛为game,英国称比赛为match； play最一般用语，指通过游戏或运动到达娱乐目的文体 活动；competition指对手之间以某种手段或智慧、力量等压倒对方而取胜。

彳列：She got the first prize in a recent beauty contest.她在最近的选美比赛中夺冠A critical football match is being transmitted on CCTV 5.中央五套正在转播一场关键的足球比赛The tea。