陶瓷材料专业论文翻译-谢劲松.doc

合昶摩沒Hefe i University陶瓷材料Ceramic materials题目： 陶瓷材料系另ij: 化学工程糸 专业： 09无机非专业 学制： s年 姓名： 孙改行 学号： 0903031011 导师： 谢劲松Ceramic materials[Abstract ]: ceramic materials in our daily lives is a very important material, especially in our China, making ceramic since ancient times is our specialty. To the modern ceramics and the concept of functional happened a series of change，this paper focuses on the properties of ceramic materials, application and development prospect of doing a simple overview[Key words ]: ceramics, materialsText: 1, overview: traditional ceramic material is clay, quartz, feldspar and other silicate materials, and modern ceramic materials are inorganic non-metallic materials collectively. Ceramic material is a kind of natural or synthetic powdered compounds, after molding or sintered at high temperature, the metal elements and non-metallic inorganic compounds constitute heterogeneous solid materials・ Ceramic material with high temperature resista nee, corrosion resista nee, wear resistance, abunda nt raw materials, low cost and many other advantages which are people who have been concerned・ Now, ceramic materials, metal materials, polymer materials are called the three major solid materials. 2, performance: ( 1): mechanical properties of ceramic materials with high hardness and excellent wear resistance, high elastic modulus, the tensile strength of steel of low compressive strength is high, the ceramic plastic, low toughness, brittle, almost no plasticity at room temperature.(2) mechanical properties : most of the ceramic hardness than the metal is much higher, especially good, often used as wear-resistant parts ( such as bearings, tool). It has high elastic modulus and high brittleness, low tensile strength and high compressive strength, has strong heat function, with high temperature characteristics, its melting point is generally greater than 2000 DEG C. In addition, ceramic material also has a smaller thermal expansion coefficient, thermal conductivity, thermal capacity is small and low mechanical properties.(3) : most of electrical properties of ceramic materials with high resistivity, low dielectric constant and dielectric loss, so it can be used as insulating material. A few of the ceramic materials can be used as the semiconductor material, and has become a radio tech no logy and high-tech industry indispensable material. Some ceramic material also has a superc on ducti ng characteristics, with superc on ducting properties, high temperature superconducting materials ceramics has become an important part in.(4) : chemical properties of ceramic materials with high temperature oxidation, corrosion resistant ability. It is not only the acid, alkali, salt has good resistance effect, but also on the molten metal with the corrosion effect. So ceramic material used for chemical reaction generator, used as an ion exchange membrane・ Some ceramic materials may also contain carriers on catalytic effect of chemical reaction.(5) the biological properties of ceramic materials: biological function mainly displays in to repair or replace some human tissue, organ or enhance organ function aspect. For example, artificial cavity membrane pacemaker battery plate, a hearing aid using a vibrating plate. In addition, a ceramic material has the function of human perception.(6) : optical properties of some ceramic materials with light absorption, light reflection and light offset characteristics, there is light, and the light of photosensitive・ Some advanced optical ceramic material has good light transmittance. Use of ceramic materials for these optical properties can be manufactured many of optical products, such as production of special lamps ( such as Na lamp ) of the tube material, ceramic sensitometer etc..3, application: ( 1), nano ceramic material: nanometer ceramic refers to nanotechnology study based on development has more characteristics of ceramic materials. The microstructure, particle size, distribution of the second phase, the pore size of equidimensional are in nano meter scale ( 0.1 nm to 100n m) level, so that the material strength, toughness and superplasticity greatly improved. We all know the common ceramic microstructure is mainly composed of crystal, glass phase and gas phase composition, phase composition, structure, shape, number and distribution of ceramic material directly influence the properties of glass phase and gas phase, and the content of the larger will make ceramic strength, hardness and resista nee to thermal shock such reduced performance・ Nano ceramic material appear well overcomes these disadvantages of ordinary ceramic materials. And the mechanical, electrical, chemical, lightScience, magn etic properties have a sign ifica nt impact, as an alter native to ordinary ceramic materials.By opening up a new domain.Nano ceramics mainly lies in the mechanical properties, including hardness, fracture toughness and low temperature duct。