人教版八年级英语下册各单元语法点汇总.doc
19页人教版八年级英语下册各单元 语法点汇总D234吗?【拓展】在英语中,表示建议的说法有很多,而且都是中考 考查的重点主要结构有:①Would you like (to do) sth.?你想要/愿意(做)某事吗? Would you like to play basketball with me?你想要和我一起 打篮球吗?②Shall I/we do sth ?我/我们做„„好吗?Shall we go to the zoo tomorrow? 明 天 我 们 去 动 物 园 , 好 吗?③Why not do sth ?为什么不„„呢?Why not join us?为什么不加入到我们当中来呢?④How/What about doing sth ?做某事怎么样? How about going swimming?去游泳怎么样?⑤Let’s do sth 让我们做„„吧 Let’s go home.咱们回家吧 ⑥You’d better (not) do sth 你最好(不)要做某事 You’d better not go there alone.你最好不要一个人去那儿Unit 2 I'll help clean up the city parks动词不定式A. 作主语——为避免句子的头重脚轻,常用 it 作为形式主 语 , 而 真 正 的 主 语 动 词 不 定 式 后 置 。
常 用 句 型 : It +be+adj./n.+(for/of sb.) to do sth./It takes sb. some time to do sth.5B.作宾语 — —动词want, decide, hope, ask, agree, choose, learn, plan, need, teac h, prepare…常接动词不定式作宾语C. 作(后置)定语——常用于“ have/has + sth. + to do ”或 “enough+名+to do”“It’stime to do sth.”等结构中 D. 作宾语补足语—— tell, ask, want, invite, teach, like, call 等 可 接 带 to 的 动 词 不 定 式 作 宾 语 补 足 语 , 构 成 tell/ask/want /call/invite sb. to do sth.结构注意】动词不定式作使役动词和感官动词的宾语补足语时 应 省 去 to :“ 一 感 (feel) , 二 听 (listen to, hear) , 三 让 (let, make, have, ,四看 (look at, see, watch, notice) ,半帮助 (help)”。
E. 动词不定式作状语主要用来修饰动词,表示目的,结果或原因为了强调目的, 有 时 可 以 把 动 词 不 定 式 放 在 句 首 , 或 在 不 定 式 前 加 in order (to) 或 so as (to) “为了,目的是” 常用结构有 too + adj./adv. + to do sth.等F. 固定句式中动词不定式的用法 常见的形式有:had better (not) do sth./Would you like to do sth.?/Why not d o sth.?/Would you please (not) do sth.?等Unit3Couldyoupl easecleanyourroomCould you please...?句型6(1)请求别人时通常用此句型,也可以说:Can you...please? 情态动词 could 或 can 在这里均表示请求,在意思上无区别, 但是用 could 在于其上显得更委婉、客气、诚恳在日常生 活中常使用 could you/I...?若在句末加上 please,则显得更礼 貌Could you help me find my book,please?你能帮我找到我的 书吗?(2)对 could you/I...?的问句作出肯定回答,常用“sure/certainly/of course”等;如果作否定回答,常用“sorry 或 oh,please don’t”。
一般不用 no 开头,用 no 显得语气生 硬、不礼貌3)表示请求的句式:Would you like to do...? Would you mind doing...? Let’s do .... Shall I/we do...?Please do...(祈使句前加 please)提示:could you please...与 could I Please...两种问句,前者 是请求别人帮忙的句式,后者是有礼貌地向别人请求允许的 交际用语试比较:Could you please help me?请你帮我一下好吗?Could I please invite my friends to my birthday party,Mom? 妈妈, 我能邀请我的朋友参加我的生日聚会吗?Unit 4 Why don't you talk to your parents?1.提建议向别人发出邀请,请求,建议,或征求某人的意见7的其他表达方式: How /what about doing sth.?(about 是个 介词,可跟名词或动名词)“…怎么样?”You’d better (not) do something.“你最好(不)做某事” Would you like sth …?:“你想要某物 Let‟s do sth…? What should I do …? ( should 表示请求、征询对方意见 ) 2.学会谈论问题和学会用 why don't you…提建议向别人发出 邀请,请求,建议,或征求某人的意见的表达方式: Why don‟t you do something? =Why not do something? 你 为什么不做某事呢? 来表示请求、征询对方意见 3.until, so that ,although 引导的状语从句:1)until:在带有 till 或 until 引导的时间状语从句里,如果主 句用肯定式,其含义是“一直到……时”,谓语动词只能用延 续性动词。
如果主句用否定式,其含义是“直到…… 才……”, “在……以前不……” , 谓语动词可用瞬间动词 Don‟t get off until the bus stops.2)so that 引导目的状语从句(为了,以便)例如:He studies hard so that he could work better in the future 3)although 的用法意思相当于 though(尽管,虽然),引导 让步状语从句引导的从句不能与并列连词 but,and, so 等连用,但可以和 yet, still 等词连用 例如: Although he was tired, he went on working.尽管他很累,但是 他继续工作Unit5Whatwereyoud oingwhentherainstormcame ?8过去进行时1. 基本概念:过去进行时表示在过去某一时刻或一段时间内 正在进行的动作这一特定的过去时间除有上下文暗示以外 , 一般用时间 状语来表示2. 结构 was / were ( not ) + 动词-ing3. 句式肯定式:I/He/She/It was working. We/You/They/ were working.否定式:I/He/She/It was not working.We/You/They/ were not working.疑问式和简略回答 :Was I working? Yes, you were. No, you were not. Were you w orking? Yes, I was. No, I was not. Was he/she/it working? Yes , he/she/it was. No, he/she/it was not. Were we/you/they worki ng? Yes, you/we/they were. No, you/we/they were not. 注: 1) was not 常缩略为 wasn’t; were not 常缩略为 weren’t。
2) 一般过去时与过去进行时用法的比较 : 一般过去时表示在 过去某个时间发生过的动作或存在的状态 , 而过去进行时则 表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作 例如: David wrote a letter to his friend last night. 大卫昨晚给他的 朋友写了封信 (信写完了)9David was writing a letter to his friend last night. 大卫昨晚 一直在给他的朋友写信 (信不一定写完 )4.过去进行时中的 when 和 whilewhen, while 区别:1) 由 when 引导的时间状语从句,主句用过去进行时,从句 应用一般过去时; 由 while 引导的时间状语从句,主句用一 般过去时,从句应用过去进行时When the teacher came in, we were talking.当此句改变主从句的位置时,则为: While we were talking, the teacher came in.2)如果从句和主句的动作同时发生,两句都用过去进行时的 时候,多用 while 引导如:They were singing while we were dancing.Unit 6 An old man tried to move the mountains1. unless 引导条件状语从句unless = if … not ―除非,若不They will go tomorrow unless it rains.= They will go tomorrow if it doesn’t rains.2. as soon as 引导时间状语从句。
―……就He will come and see you as soon as he can.3. so.......that 引导结果状语从句句型 1:主语+谓语+so+形容词/副词+that 从句10The wind was so strong that we could hardly move forward. 句型 2: so +形容词 + a/an + 单数名词 + that 从句It was so hot a day that they all went swimming.句型 3. so + many/ few + 复数名词 + that 从句He has so few fr。





