48个国际音标发音口型和练习单词句子资料.doc

48个国际音标4th September 2017一、元音前元音：[i:] [i] [e] [æ]前元音发音要领：舌尖抵下齿，舌前部向硬颚抬起，双唇不要收圆注意：[i:]是长元音，发长元音时要比发短元音长两倍以上[i:]①舌尖抵下齿，舌前部尽量向硬颚抬起②嘴唇向两旁伸开，成扁平形with "e": appreciate, equal, even, evening, evil, female, frequent, immediately, legal, meter, metre (BrE), previous, procedure, recent, region, secret, senior, sequence, species, vehiclefinal "e": be - he - me - she - weWith magic e: athlete - compete - complete - concrete - delete - extreme - gene - scene - scheme - theme - thesewith "ea": beach - bead - beat - bleach - breathe - cheat - clean - cream - creature - deal - dream - each - easy - eat - feature - heal - heat - increase - jeans - lead (verb) - leader - leaf - lean - leave - meal - mean - meat - pea - peach - peak - please - reach - read - repeat - reason - reveal - scream - sea - seal - seat - steal - steam - stream - teach - team - treat - weak - weaselwith "ee": agree - between - deep - degree - fee - feed - feel - fifteen - free - green - indeed - keep - meet - need - proceed - screen - see - seed - seek - seem - sheet - sleep - speech - speed - street - succeed - sweet - three - tree - weekwith "ei": ceiling - conceive - deceive – leisure (AmE) - perceive - receipt - receivewith "ie": achieve - belief - believe - brief - chief - field - niece - piece - relief - skiedwith "i": gasoline - machine - magazine - police - routine - sardine - technique - vaccineothers: key - people - ski - suite[i] ①舌尖抵下齿，舌前部向硬颚抬起。

② 发音短促，上下齿之间可容纳小指尖[e] ①舌尖抵下齿，舌前部稍抬起，比[i:]低②牙床开得比[i:]宽，上下齿间可容纳一个食指[æ]①舌尖抵下齿 ②双唇向两旁平伸，嘴张开比e大，两齿间可以容纳食指和中指中元音：[ʌ] [ǝ:] [ǝ]中元音发音要领：舌尖抵住下齿，但不如发前元音时抵得那样紧舌身的中部隆起，扁唇（双唇不要收圆）[ǝ:]①舌中部稍抬起②双唇和发[i:]时相似[ǝ] ①舌中部抬起②牙床半开半合，短促有力[ʌ] ①舌中部稍抬起②开口程度和[æ]相似，唇形扁后元音：[ɑ:] [ɔ] [ɔ:] [u] [u:]后元音发音要领：①舌尖不触下齿，舌身后缩，舌后部向软颚抬起，除[ɑ:]外，双唇要收圆②发[ɑ:][ɔ:][u:]时要注意长度，不要发得太短[ɑ:] 舌尖不触下齿，口张大，舌身平放后缩[ɔ] ①舌尖不触下齿，口张大，舌身尽量降低并后缩②双唇稍稍收圆[ɔ:] ①舌后部比发[ɔ]时抬得略高②双唇也收得更圆更小，并须用力向前突出[u] ①舌尖不触下齿, 舌后部向软颚抬起,舌身后缩 ②双唇收圆，稍向前突出[u:] 双唇比发[u]时收得更圆更小，向前突出，舌后部比发[u]时抬得更高 双元音：[ei] [ai] [ɔi] [ǝu] [au] [iǝ] [uǝ] [Ɛǝ]双元音发音要领：①由两个元音组成，发音时由第一个向第二个元音的部位滑动，但不完全到达第二个元音的部位。

②前重后轻，第一个元音响亮清晰第二个元音轻弱模糊③前长后短，第一个元音较长第二个元音较短促[ei] ①由[e]向[i]滑动,但不到[i]的部位就停止发音②发音过程中下颚和下唇向上移动[ai] ①[a]是个前元音(不是后元音[ɑ:])，和汉语普通话“a”音相似②从[a]向[i]滑动[ɔi] ①开始部分舌位在[ɔ]和[ɔ:]之间②由上述部位向[i]滑动，由圆唇变成扁唇[ǝu]由[ǝ]向[u]滑动, 双唇由扁到略为收圆，但不到[u]的部位就停止发音[au] ①开始部分和[ai]中的[a]相同，①由[a]向[u]滑动时把双唇逐渐收圆，舌后部随之稍稍抬起[iǝ] ①发[i]时注意用扁唇，嘴不要张得太开，以免发成[e]或[æ]②舌身稍向后缩，从[i]很快滑向[ǝ][Ɛǝ] ①[Ɛ]是个前元音，发音时舌尖触下齿，舌位半开，舌前隆起②舌身稍向后缩，由从[Ɛ]很快滑向[ǝ][uǝ] ①[u]不要发成[u:]②舌身稍向前移，由从[u]很快滑向[ǝ]二、辅音爆破辅音：[p] [b] [t] [d] [k] [g]爆破音发音要领：[p] [t] [k]是清辅音，发音时声带不振动，送气要强[b] [d] [g]是浊辅音，发音时声带必须振动，送气要强。

[p] [b]双唇紧闭，然后突然分开，气流冲出口腔[t] [d]舌尖紧贴上齿龈，形成阻碍，然后突然下降，气流冲出口腔[k] [g]舌后部隆起，紧贴软颚，形成阻碍，然后突然离开，气流冲出口腔 摩擦辅音：[f] [v] [s] [z] [ʃ] [Ʒ] [Ɵ] [ð]摩擦音发音要领：[f] [s] [ʃ] [Ɵ]是清辅音，发音时声带不振动[v] [z] [Ʒ] [ð]是浊辅音，发音时声带必须振动[f] [v]①下唇轻触上齿②气流由唇齿间的缝隙中通过，摩擦成音[s] [z] ①舌端及舌尖靠近上齿龈，但不接触②上下齿靠拢，但不要咬住③气流由舌端与上齿龈之间逸出，摩擦成音[ʃ] [Ʒ]①舌尖和舌端抬向上齿龈后部，但不接触②舌身两侧紧贴上颚，形成狭长的通道③双唇略微突出[Ɵ] [ð]①舌尖置于上下门齿之间②气流由舌齿间的窄小缝隙逸出，摩擦成音 摩擦音[h] [r] [j] [w]及舌侧音 [l]摩擦音发音要领：[h]是清辅音，发音时声带不振动[r] [j] [w]是浊辅音，发音时声带必须振动[h]①发音器官呈发元音的姿势，声门张开②气流不受阻碍，自由逸出口腔，声带不振动[r] ①舌尖卷起，靠近上齿龈后部②舌两侧紧贴上齿龈两侧。

③双唇收圆略突出，声带振动[j] ①舌前部向硬颚抬起，但不抵住②双唇向两旁伸展成扁平形，声带振动③发音急促短暂，一经发出，立刻向后面的元音滑动[w] ①舌后端向软颚抬起，但不抵住②双唇收圆略突出，声带振动②发音急促短暂，一经发出，立刻向后面的元音滑动[l] ①舌端紧抵上齿龈，气流从舌的一侧或两侧逸出②舌前向硬颚抬起，气流从舌的两侧逸出声带振动破擦音：[tr] [dr] [ʧ] [ʤ] [ʦ] [ʣ]破擦音发音要领：[tr] [ʧ] [ʦ]是清辅音，发音时声带不振动[dr] [ʤ] [ʣ]是浊辅音，发音时声带必须振动[ʧ] [ʤ] ①舌尖和舌端抵住上齿龈，形成阻碍②气流舌和齿龈间冲出[tr] [dr]①舌身作发[r]音的姿势②舌尖抵上齿龈后部，堵住气流③发出短促的[t]后立即发[r][ʦ] [ʣ]①舌端贴住上齿龈，堵住气流②然后舌尖略为下降，气流随之泄出 鼻（辅）音：[m] [n] [ŋ]鼻音发音要领：①软颚下垂，口腔通道完全堵塞，气流从鼻腔逸出②三个鼻辅音[m] [n] [ŋ]都是浊辅音，发音时声带必须振动 ③鼻辅音在词末时，发音略为延长[m]双唇紧闭，舌身平放，软颚下垂，气流从鼻腔逸出。

[n] ①舌尖紧贴上齿龈，形成阻碍②双唇不闭，软颚下垂，气流从鼻腔逸出[ŋ] ①舌后部抬起并抵住软腭，软颚下垂，堵住口腔通道，气流从鼻腔逸出3. 双元音/ǝu/发音不够夸张饱满口型：单元音[ǝ] ①舌中部抬起②牙床半开半合，短促有力单元音[u] ①舌尖不触下齿, 舌后部向软颚抬起,舌身后缩 ②双唇收圆，稍向前突出双元音[ǝu]由[ǝ]向[u]滑动, 双唇由扁到略为收圆，但不到[u]的部位就停止发音练习单词：tomorrow，bowl，gold， loan， moan， note， sofa，toll， （A）Man proposes, God disposes. （B）There is no smoke without fire. （C）I hope so. （D）No smoking. （E）Oh, I didn’t know that. 4. 双元音/au/ 发音不够夸张饱满口型：单元音[a] 和汉语普通话“a”音相似单元音[u] ①舌尖不触下齿, 舌后部向软颚抬起,舌身后缩 ②双唇收圆，稍向前突出。

双元音[au] ①开始和[a]相同，①由[a]向[u]滑动时把双唇逐渐收圆，舌后部随之稍稍抬起练习单词：brown，cow, down，flower, house, hound, mouse, mouth, now, owl, our, out, shout, sow, towel, town, trousers（A）There is no doubt about it. （B）Sound in body, sound in mind. （C）Let’s get out of here now. （D）He is out of town every now and then.（E）Open your mouth and pronounce this sound loudly.1. 辅音/w/口型： ①舌后端向软颚抬起，但不抵住②双唇收圆略突出，声带振动②发音急促短暂，一经发出，立刻向后面的元音滑动练习单词：where，well，which，week，wake，work，walk，2. 辅音/v/口型：①下唇轻触上齿②气流由唇齿间的缝隙中通过，摩擦成音。

练习单词：valley, value, valuable, vast, verb,。