中考英语阅读理解课件.ppt

题型三￿￿￿阅读理解AA篇体裁：(表格式)应用文内容：宣传或招聘广告、通知、问卷调查表、课程表、旅游或参观指南等设题：2道细节理解题，1道推理判断题或数字计算题B篇体裁：记叙文内容：以人物故事类为主；词数：300词左右的居多设题：1—2道细节理解题，1—2道推理判断题或1道其他题(代词指代题、标题概括题等)命命 题题 特特 点点C、D篇体裁：近几年C、D两篇均为说明文内容：选材时代气息浓厚，通常介绍最新科技、生活时尚、流行现象、百科知识等；词数：230—360个设题：以细节理解题和推理判断题为主，代词指代题、词义猜测题、主旨大意题、标题概括题为辅命命 题题 特特 点点解解题题技技巧巧回首页总目录回首页总目录回首页总目录回首页总目录回首页总目录回首页总目录【文章大意】研究表明大自然有利于人们放松并保持身体健康，因此许多国家希望让大自然成为人们日常生活的组成部分并开始将这一想法付诸实践回首页总目录（￿￿￿￿￿）1.What￿does￿Paragraph￿1￿mainly￿talk￿about?￿A.Teenagers'￿problem￿in￿the￿21st￿century.B.How￿much￿time￿we￿spend￿outdoors.C.Visiting￿your￿local￿park.D.Feeling￿about￿nature.回首页总目录1.B￿￿通读第一段可知，大多数人认为大自然对身体有益，但人们待在户外的时间却越来越少，第五、六句举了加拿大和美国的例子。

本段主要谈论的是人们的户外活动时间问题￿￿￿￿命题点：主旨大意￿￿￿￿回首页总目录（￿￿￿￿￿）2.Match￿the￿countries￿or￿cities￿with￿the￿information￿and￿choose￿the￿right￿answer.①the￿USA￿￿￿②Dubai￿￿￿￿￿￿￿③Switzerland￿￿￿￿￿￿④South￿Koreaa.Children￿study￿in￿the￿forests￿and￿do￿lots￿of￿activities￿outside.b.About￿13￿million￿people￿visit￿new￿forests￿near￿its￿cities￿every￿year.c.A￿new￿shopping￿mall￿with￿a￿large￿garden￿will￿be￿built.d.10%￿of￿teenagers￿spend￿time￿outside￿every￿day.A.①-a￿②-d￿③-b￿④-c￿￿￿￿￿￿B.①-d￿②-c￿③-a￿④-bC.①-a￿②-c￿③-d￿④-b￿￿￿￿￿￿D.①-d￿②-c￿③-b￿④-a回首页总目录2.B根据第一段倒数第二句“And￿in￿countries￿such￿as￿the￿USA,only￿10%￿teenagers￿spend￿time￿outside￿every￿day.”可知，①对应d；根据最后一段第二至五句“In￿Dubai(迪拜),for￿example,there￿are￿plans￿for￿a￿new￿shopping￿mall￿...it￿has￿new￿forests￿near￿its￿cities￿and￿around￿13￿million￿people￿visit￿these￿forests￿every￿year.”可知，②对应c，③对应a，④对应b。

故选B￿￿￿￿命题点：细节理解￿￿￿￿回首页总目录（￿￿￿￿￿）3.What￿do￿the￿results￿of￿the￿studies￿show?A.More￿and￿more￿Canadians￿will￿live￿near￿parks.B.The￿maths￿test￿is￿difficult￿and￿makes￿people￿nervous.C.Nature￿can￿help￿people￿feel￿more￿relaxed￿and￿be￿healthier.D.People's￿heart￿rates￿get￿slower￿in￿a￿3D-virtual-reality￿room.回首页总目录3.C通读第二、三段尤其是第三段前两句“The￿virtual￿touch￿with￿nature￿helped￿them￿feel￿more￿relaxed.Another￿good￿example￿of￿how￿nature￿is￿good￿for￿health￿comes￿from￿Canada.”可知，研究结果表明：与自然的虚拟接触有助于人们放松；且加拿大的一项研究发现居住在公园附近的人会更健康。

由此可知，大自然可以帮助人们更加放松，让人们更健康￿￿￿￿命题点：细节理解￿￿￿￿回首页总目录（￿￿￿￿￿）4.What￿can￿we￿infer￿from￿the￿last￿sentence￿of￿the￿passage?A.Nature￿is￿more￿important￿than￿cities.B.Country￿life￿is￿healthier￿than￿city￿life.C.People￿have￿lived￿in￿the￿cities￿for￿so￿long.D.Nature￿should￿be￿part￿of￿people's￿daily￿life.回首页总目录4.D通读最后一段尤其是第一句中的“want￿nature￿to￿be￿part￿of￿people's￿everyday￿life”可知，基于研究结果，一些国家和城市希望大自然能成为人们日常生活的一部分，并列举了迪拜、瑞士以及韩国的例子说明大自然已经成为人们生活的一部分因此，在建设了这么长时间的城市以后，也许现在是时候开始重建自然了由此可推知，大自然应该成为人们日常生活的一部分￿￿￿￿命题点：推理判断￿￿￿￿回首页总目录此类试题针对文章中的细节(某一特定细节或若干个细节)而设计，难度较小。

学生可根据题干中的关键词，寻找文章中的对应词，在对应词周围找答案或直接在文中搜索答案，对号入座方法点拨命题点1细节理解回首页总目录技巧训练技巧训练(一)(2020·安徽B篇节选)Darrius's favourite piano music is River Flows in You by Yiruma,a Korean musician.It took Darrius a year to learn it.( A A )60.How long did it take Darrius to learn to play River Flows in You?A.A year. B.A month. C.A day. D.An hour.回首页总目录技巧训练技巧训练(二)(2020·广东B篇节选)To protect the elephants' living environment,the Mali Elephant Project(MEP) was started in 2007.MEP met with local people and helped them make rules of using land and water.As a result,the situation became better and there was more food,forest and grassland.回首页总目录技巧训练技巧训练( D D )56.MEP was started to _______.A.raise more elephants in MaliB.stop the main lake from drying upC.discover water source for elephantsD.protect the elephants' living environment回首页总目录解答此类试题，须在理解全文的基础上，从文章本身所提供的信息出发，运用逻辑思维，并借助一定的常识进行分析、推理。

对于具体细节的推断，要抓住关键词语；对于文章出处的推断，要注意文章的用词和格式；对于作者的情感和态度的推断，要注意句子的语气、文章的论调命题点2推理判断回首页总目录技巧训练技巧训练(一)(2020·河北B篇节选)Dan thought perhaps he would not attend the national competition.Then he would not have to rap on TV.Dan's friends sensed something was going on his mind.They planned to give him some help.When Dan got to class the next day,he saw a sign on the wall.It said,“Dan,just rap like in our classroom!” Dan smiled.“Perhaps it's not that hard to rap on TV,” he thought.回首页总目录技巧训练技巧训练( C C )56.What do you think happened later according to the story？A.Dan hated his friends for their push.B.Dan forgot what he should rap on TV.C.Dan attended the national competition.D.Dan stopped rapping after the competition.回首页总目录技巧训练技巧训练(二)(2020·襄阳B篇节选)It was a bit cold,so we had an idea to take her home.When I asked her if she'd like to go home with us,she thanked me about a million times with tears in her eyes. 回首页总目录技巧训练技巧训练技巧训练技巧训练( C C )58.Choose the true sentence according to the fourth paragraph.A.The girl was so hungry that she began to cry.B.The girl didn't believe in Shane and Kelly at all.C.The girl agreed to go with Shane and Kelly soon.D.Kelly felt unhappy when she heard what Shane said. 回首页总目录做词义猜测题时，常用的技巧有：(1)(1)利用构词法猜词；利用构词法猜词；(2)(2)利用同义词、近义词、反义词猜词；利用同义词、近义词、反义词猜词；(3)(3)利用上下文语境猜词；利用上下文语境猜词；(4)(4)利用定义和解释猜词；利用定义和解释猜词；(5)(5)利用例证猜词。

利用例证猜词做句意猜测题时，先要返回原文定位画线句，利用语法和逻辑关系准确分析原句，再理解画线句的前后语境，合理推断句意，然后归纳总结，找出与原句意思完全吻合的选项命题点3词义/句意猜测回首页总目录技巧训练技巧训练技巧训练技巧训练(一)(2020·陕西C篇节选)“The program is for 7,000 students at 31 schools right now.The number willextend to 21,000 students in 120 schools by the start of 2021,” Ardern said while she was serving up lunch at a school in Hawke's Bay.( A A )48.The underlined word “extend” here means “________”.A.increase B.double C.remain D.fall回首页总目录技巧训练技巧训练(二)(2020·河南C篇节选)Cait,11,was trying to fall asleep when her 8-year-old brother,Doug,came into her room.He looked around,but seemed really out of it.Then Doug went back into the hallway and stood there looking straight up at the light.This was really strange.回首页总目录技巧训练技巧训练( A A )31.What does “out of it” most probably mean in Chinese?A.茫然不觉 B.心满意足C.垂头丧气 D.悠然自得回首页总目录解答此类试题时，务必记住：原词永远出现在代词之前。

因此，先要在代词前面的内容中搜索原词，再根据单复数一致和人称一致的语法原则分析选项，排除位置和语意不符的词汇，最后将所选的答案代入句中简单翻译，进行验证命题点4代词指代回首页总目录技巧训练技巧训练(一)(2020·广州D篇节选)Dr.Williams tried a new greenhouse that had a fan to keep the air move.The plants loved it it.( A A )44.The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 7 refers to .A.the moving air B.the closed roomC.the space journey D.the space garden 回首页总目录技巧训练技巧训练技巧训练技巧训练(二)(2020·福建B篇节选)They sold their second-hand books,put on talent shows and asked for donations(捐赠),even going door-to-door for themthem.( D D )52.What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 2 refer to(指代)?A.Solar panels. B.Second-hand books.C.Shows. D.Donations.回首页总目录此类试题需要根据句子提供的数据与文中其他信息的关系进行简单的计算。

解题时，须弄清众多信息中哪些属于有用信息，哪些属于干扰信息；不要孤立地看待数字信息，还要抓住一些关键用语的意义命题点5数字计算回首页总目录技巧训练技巧训练技巧训练技巧训练(一)(2020·河南A篇节选)Liverpool SPORTLiverpool FC This city loves football.Visit Anfield football stadium,home to Liverpool's favourite football team,and take a tour.Closed on weekends.Adult:￡15.00Under-16s and students:￡9.00Child under five: Free回首页总目录( D D )22.How much do they pay if a student and his parents visit Anfield stadium? A.￡24.00. B.￡30.00.C.￡33.00. D.￡39.00.回首页总目录技巧训练技巧训练回首页总目录( B B )51.Mr.and Mrs.Green with two children have to pay _________ to go to the Wild Animal Zoo.A.￥200 B.￥240C.￥120 D.￥160回首页总目录解答此类试题，可用以下两种方法：(1)主旨推断法：写作目的是阐述作者为何要表达某个中心主题，因此可根据文章或段落的主旨推断作者的写作目的。

2)文体推断法：不同体裁的文章有不同的写作目的，因此可根据文体的特点来推断故事类记叙文的写作目的通常是使读者感到快乐；广告类应用文的写作目的是推销产品或提供服务；议论文的写作目的是阐述论点；科普类说明文的写作目的是介绍科学知识命题点6写作意图回首页总目录技巧训练技巧训练(一)(2020·天津B篇节选)Summer Fun at Happy Kids' Learning CentreAre you looking for something that can add colour to your summer holiday? If yes,here are the summer courses that you cannot miss!回首页总目录( C C )55.The purpose of this passage is to encourage children to _________.A.cook a meal for their parentsB.act with their parents in publicC.join the summer courses at the learning centreD.read more books during the holiday回首页总目录技巧训练技巧训练回首页总目录回首页总目录回首页总目录回首页总目录回首页总目录回首页总目录( C C )57.What is the main purpose of this text?A.To describe Chinese culture.B.To describe Tom's favorite Chinese meals.C.To retell what happened on Tom's trip to Chinatown.D.To give information about Chinese eating customs.回首页总目录解答主旨大意题的关键在于寻找主题句。

认真阅读文章的首尾段或每段的首尾句，主题句一般在段首或段尾无明显主题句时找高频信息词，即文中反复出现的紧扣主题的中心词记叙文通常没有主题句，需要根据文章所述内容进行归纳，最后概括出来的中心意思一定要涵盖全文或整个段落，切忌以偏概全或离题太远、太笼统主旨大意题的解题方法同样适用于标题归纳题，只不过标题更为短小精悍，提炼性更强命题点7主旨大意/标题归纳回首页总目录技巧训练技巧训练回首页总目录回首页总目录回首页总目录回首页总目录回首页总目录( B B )60.What is the main idea of the passage?A.The ways to keep healthy.B.The harm of using screens too much.C.The ways to use screens.D.The advantages of using screens.回首页总目录回首页总目录回首页总目录回首页总目录回首页总目录( C C )27.The best title for the passage above might be “_____________”.A.Danger of a VirusB.Habit of a Virus C.Diary of a Virus D.Letter of a Virus回首页总目录此类试题目前多见于说明文和议论文，通常按段落的组织方法或者写作方法(论证方法)来考查学生对文章结构的理解。

阅读篇章一般是“总分总”结构，而各选项的不同之处在于，支撑中心论点的要点及次要点的个数及其逻辑关系因此，概括全文的主旨及各个段落的内容要点，分析它们相互之间的逻辑关系是解题的关键命题点8篇章结构回首页总目录回首页总目录回首页总目录回首页总目录回首页总目录回首页总目录回首页总目录回首页总目录( D D )29.Which of the following shows the structure of the passage?(P=Paragraph)回首页总目录回首页总目录回首页总目录回首页总目录回首页总目录回首页总目录( A A )59.The structure of the passage may be .(①=Paragraph 1②=Paragraph 2③=Paragraph 3④=Paragraph 4⑤=Paragraph 5⑥=Paragraph 6)感谢聆听。