新概念二语法点总结.doc

新概念2语法知识点总结一、一般现在时：1.构成：使用动词原形，第三人称单数须有变化　　(1)直接加“s”，works，takes　　(2)以辅音加“y”结尾，变“y”为“i”，再加“es”　　carry → carries　　(3)以“o, s, x, ch, sh”结尾的动词加“es”　　goes dresses watches brushes2．功能：　　(1)表现在的事实、状态或动作：　　eg: . Birds fly.　　. She loves music.　　. Mary's parents get up very early.　　(2)表习惯性动作或职业，常与often，sometimes，usually，always，every week，seldom，occasionally，frequently等时间副词连用　　eg: . I always take a walk after supper.　　. She writes to me very often.　　. Tom and his girlfriend go out to take a piic occasionally.　　(3)表客观真理，格言警句或事实：　　. The earth moves round the sun.　　. The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.　　. Two and two makes four.　　. No man but errs. 人非圣贤，熟能无过。

　　(4)表将来：　　A.在由when，after, before，as，as soon as，although，because，if，even if，in case，till，until，unless，　　so long as，where，whatever，wherever 等引导的状语从句中用一般现在时表将来发生的动作　　(黄金重点，所有考试都不放过它!)　　例如： . I'll tell her when shees tomorrow.　　. Even ifit rains this afternoon, I'll meet you.　　. Whatever happens, you should keep cool-headed. (不错的句型，背下!!)　　. I'll be right here waiting for you wherever you go.(很感人的句型!)　　B.按时间表示将要发生的动作或事件，用一般现在时表达将来时概念　　. The play begins at 6:30 this evening.　　. When does the plane take off?　　. He leaves for that city next week.　　. According to the timetable, the express train to Shanghai starts at nine in the morning.(按照时刻表，开往某的特快列车早上 7 点出发。

)【测试精编】　　1. The Browns ________ a nice car and Brown's brother ________ a nice jeep.　　A. have / have B. has / has C. have / has D. has / have　　2. If their house ________ not like ours, what ________ it look like?　　A. is / is B. is / does C. does / does D. does / is　　3. - ________ you think he will e? - If it ________ tomorrow, he will not e.　　A. Do / rains B. Are / rains C. Do / will rain D. Are / will rain　　4. The little child ________ not even know that the moon ________ around the earth.　　A. do / move B. do / moves C. does / moves D. did / moved　　5. Many a student ________ fond of films, but a good student seldom ________ to the cinema　　A. are / goes B. is / goes C. are / go D. is / go【练习答案】　　1.C 2.B 3.A 4.C 5.B二．现在进行时：is / am / are + 现在分词　　1．表示现在正在进行的动作。

如　　. The kettle is boiling. Shall I make tea?　　. Don't you think you eat too much? You're putting on weight(体重增加)　　. The workers are building a new bridge across the river.　　2．表现阶段正进行的动作　　. He is taking physics this semester(本学期)　　. Weare preparing for our final examination this week.　　3．go, e, leave, arrive, land, meet, die, start, return, join, etc. 用于进行时态时表示即将开始的动作　　. Look! The bus is ing.看!车来了!　　. The old man is seriously ill, and he is dying.　　. Alice is leaving for Beijing with her mother.　　4．与 always, forever, continually, constantly 等副词连用，表示说话人带有感*彩：赞赏或厌恶。

　　. He is always thinking of others.(他总是想着别人)　　. The boy is continually making noises.(这男孩不断地发出吵闹声)　　. The teacher is constantly (always) criticizing her for being late.(老师一直在批评她迟到)　　5．下面表示状态、感觉、情绪、精神活动的动词不可用于进行时　　(此条戒律请背 10遍!!!)　　believe(相信)，doubt(怀疑)，see(看见)，hear(听见) ，know(知道)，understand (理解)，belong(属于)，think(认为)，consider(认为)，feel(觉得)，look(看起来)， seem(看上去)，show(显示)，mind(介意)，have(有)，sound(听起来)，taste(尝起来)， require(要求)，possess(拥有)，care(关心)，like(喜欢)，hate(讨厌)，love(喜爱)， detest(憎恨)，desire(意欲)【简单记忆】● 永远不要说I'm believing...或He is seeing a house. 再简单一点说，这些动词后面不要随意加-ing.● 可怕的是：我们在写作及口语中常犯此类大错!● 注意：have a party / think about可以用进行时，因为这里have意为“举行”;think意为“考虑”。

测试精编】　　1. How can you ________ If you are not ________ ?　　A. listening / hearing B. hear / listening　　C. be listening / heard D. be hearing / listening to　　2.The girl even won't have her lunch before she ________ her homework.　　A. will finish B. is finishing　　C. had finished D. finishes　　3. Those who have applied for the post(职位)________ in the office.(此题超前)　　A. are being interviewed B. are interviewing　　C. interviewing D. to be interviewing　　4. The old scientist ________ to do more for the country.　　A. is wishing B. has been wishing　　C. wishes D. has been wished　　5. If he ________, don't wake him up.　　A. still sleeps B. is still sleeping　　C. still has been sleeping D. will be sleeping still【练习答案】1.B 2.D 3.A 4.C 5.B三．一般过去时1．表示过去某个特定时间或某一段时间发生的动作或情况。

　　. We visited the school last spring.　　. I went to school by bike when I was in middle school.　　. China was founded in 1949.2．在表示时间或条件等的状语从句中代替过去将来时　　. She told me that she would not go with us if it rained the next day.　　. They would not leave until she came back.　　. My friend promised to marry me once she made her final decision.3．一般过去时，现在时和过去时的几组差异：（别以为这很简单，下面的差异你不一定明白● Her brother was a chemist.（已去世）● Her brother is a chemist.（尚健在）● That's all I had to say.（话已说完）● That's all I have to say.（言之未尽）● It was so nice to see you.（离别时用）● It is so nice to see you.（见面时用）● Jane did a lot of work this morning.（已是当天下午或晚上）● Jane has done a lot of work this morning.（仍是上午）［本句现。