胡壮麟语言学习题集——综合.doc

第一部分  选择题1、As modern linguistics aims to describe and analyze the language peopleactually use, and not to lay down rules for "correct" linguistic behavior,it is said to be ___.  A、 prescriptive  B、 sociolinguistic  C、 descriptive  D、 psycholinguistic 2、Of all the speech organs, the ___ is/are the most flexible.  A、 mouth  B、 lips  C、 tongue  D、 vocal cords 3、The morpheme "vision" in the common word "television" is a(n) ___.  A、 bound morpheme  B、 bound form  C、 inflectional morpheme  D、 free morpheme 4、A ___ in the embedded clause refers to the introductory word thatintroduces the embedded clause.  A、 coordinator  B、 particle  C、 preposition  D、 subordinator 5、"Can I borrow your bike?" ___ "You have a bike."  A、 is synonymous with  B、 is inconsistent with  C、 entails  D、 presupposes   6、The branch of linguistics that studies how context influences the wayspeakers interpret sentences is called ___.  A、 semantics  B、 pragmatics  C、 sociolinguistics  D、 psycholinguistics7、Grammatical changes may be explained, in part, as analogic changes,which are ___ or generalization.  A、 elaboration  B、 simplification  C、 external borrowing  D、 internal borrowing8、___ refers to a marginal language of few lexical items andstraightforward grammatical rules, used as a medium of communication.  A、 Lingua franca  B、 Creole  C、 Pidgin  D、 Standard language9、Psychologists, neurologists and linguists have concluded that, inaddition to the motor area which is responsible for physical articulationof utterances, three areas of the left brain are vital to language,namely, ___ .  A、 Broca's area, Wernicke's area and the angular gyrus  B、 Broca's area, Wernicke's area and cerebral cortex  C、 Broca's area, Wernicke's area and neurons  D、 Broca's area, Wernicke's area and Exner's area10、According to Krashen, ___ refers to the gradual and subconciousdevelopment of ability in the first language by using it naturally indaily communicative situations.  A、 learning  B、 competence  C、 performance  D、 acquisition第二部分  非选择题II. Directions: Fill in the blank (1%×10=10%)11、Chomsky defines "competence" as the ideal user's k    of the rules ofhis language.12、The four sounds /p/,/b/,/m/ and /w/have one feature in common, i.e,they are all b    .13、M is a branch of grammar which studies the internal structure ofwords and the rules by which words are formed.14、A s    is a structurally independent unit that usually comprises anumber of words to form a complete statement, question or command.15、Synonyms that are mutually substitutable under all circumstances arecalled c    synonyms.16、The illocutionary point of r is to commit the speaker tosomething's being the case, to the truth of what has been said.17、Words are created outright to fit some purpose. Such a method ofenlarging the vocabulary is known as word c    .18、Wherever the standard language can use a contraction (he+is→he's),Black English can d    the form of "be".19、The basic essentials of the first language are acquired in the shortperiod from about age two to puberty, which is called the c    period forfirst language acquisition.20、As a type of linguistic system in 12 learning, i    is a product of L2training, mother tongue intereference, overgeneralization of the targetlanguage rules, and learning and communicative strategies of the learner.III. Directions: Judge whether each of the following statements is true or false.  (2%×10=20%)()21、In modern linguistic studies, the written form of language is givenmore emphasis than the spoken form for a number of reasons.()22、Voicing is a phonological feature that distinguishes meaning in bothChinese and English.()23、The compound word "bookstore" is the place where books are sold. Thisindicates that the meaning of a compound is the sum total of the meaningsof its components.()24、Syntactic categories refer to sentences (S) and clauses (C) only. ()25、Dialectal synonyms can often be found in different regional dialectssuch as British English and American English but cannot be found withinthe variety itself, for example, within British English or AmericanEnglish.()26、Only when a maxim under Cooperative Principle is blatantly violatedand the hearer knows that it is being violated do conversationalimplicatures arise.()27、The territory in which the Indo-European languages are mainly spokentoday also includes languages that are not Indo-European.()28、In most bilingual communities, two languages have the same in speechsituations known as domains.()29、According to the strong version of the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis,speakers' perceptions determine language and pattern their way of life.()30、All normal children have equal ability to acquire their firstlanguage.IV. Directions: Explain the following terms, using one or two examples 。