【译林版】高中英语名校复习精品资料：第一讲　简单句和并列句.pdf

旗开得胜 读万卷书 行万里路 1 专题四专题四 各具特色的句法各具特色的句法简单句、并列句、三大从句及简单句、并列句、三大从句及 特殊句式特殊句式 第一讲第一讲 简单句和并列句简单句和并列句 思维导图 一、简单句 简单句就是由一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列谓语)构成的句子简单 句有五种基本句式，其他各种句式都是由这五种基本句式演变而来 1主语谓语(不及物动词) Whats worse，I dont communicate well in my family. 更糟糕的是，在家庭中我不善交流 And I can play outside too! 我也可以在外面玩！ 2主语谓语(及物动词)宾语 宾语可以由名词、代词、动名词、不定式等来充当 I plan to find a parttime job in a foreign capital company. 我计划在一家外资公司里找一份兼职 3主语系动词表语 (1)本句型中的连系动词以 be 为最多 此外还有少数其他的连系动词， 如 appear， become，get，grow，look，prove，remain 等。

(2)表语多为形容词，也可以是名词、介词短语、不定式及分词等 旗开得胜 读万卷书 行万里路 2 Tang Poetry is what we are going to learn the next class，scheduled on July 20 in the school library. 唐诗是我们下一节课将要学习的内容，定于 7 月 20 日在学校图书馆进行 This is surely a good chance for more people to see them. 对于更多的人来说这确实是观看它们的一次好机会 The “Foreign Cultures” section in our newspaper is very popular among us students. 我们报纸的“外国文化”栏目非常受我们学生的欢迎 4主语谓语(及物动词)间接宾语直接宾语 (1)该句式中表示人的是间接宾语，表示物的是直接宾语一般间接宾语在前面， 直接宾语在后面如果将间接宾语置于直接宾语之后，则需借助介词 to 或 for (2)要跟双宾语的动词有：ask，bring，buy，cost，fetch，give，hand，lend，offer， pass，pay，read，return，save，sell，send，show，take，teach，tell，write 等。

That surely gave us a great sense of achievement. 那确实给了我们一种极大的成就感 Now，on behalf of my schoolmates，I wish you a safe return. 现在，我代表全校同学，祝你们一路平安 5主语谓语(及物动词)宾语宾语补足语 (1)宾语补足语是用来补充说明宾语的情况的，直接跟在宾语之后 (2)作宾语补足语的主要是名词、形容词、不定式和分词，副词和介词短语等也 可以用作宾语补足语 要跟名词或形容词作宾语补足语的及物动词有：call，consider，choose，elect， feel，find，get，keep，make，name，paint，push，set，suppose，think，turn 等 动词不定式作宾语补足语的三种情况 要跟带 to 的不定式作宾语补足语的及物动词有：ask，expect，force，get，order， permit，persuade，tell，want，warn 等 要跟不带 to 的不定式作宾补的动词有 have，make，let，listen to，hear，notice， see，watch，feel 动词 help 后作宾补的不定式可以带 to，也可以不带 to。

I would like you to join our schools table tennis team. 旗开得胜 读万卷书 行万里路 3 我想让你加入我们学校的乒乓球队 Your contribution will certainly make the event a huge success. 你的贡献将会使得这次活动获得巨大成功 In fact，he inspires me to major in English in college. 事实上，他鼓励我在大学主修英语 二、并列句 并列句由两个或两个以上并列而又独立的简单句构成在并列句中，这些简单句 常由并列连词(短语)连在一起 1转折/对比连词(but，while) It often rains in the south，while it seldom rains in the north. 在南方经常下雨，然而在北方很少下雨 2递进顺承连词(and，not only...but (also)，neither...nor，both...and，not...but...) Not only did he speak more correctly，but (also) he spoke more easily. 他不仅说得更正确，而且说得更轻松。

3选择连词(or，either...or) Would you like to leave or would you like to stay? 你是想走还是想留？ 4因果连词(for，so) He must have been caught in the rain，for he is wet all over. 他一定淋雨了，因为他全身都湿了 5一些固定句式 (1)when 可用于并列连词，意为“这时，那时”，相当于 and this/that time常用 于下列句式： be about to do sth when...正要做某事，这时突然 be on the point of doing sth when... 正要做某事，这时突然 be doing sth when... 正在做某事，这时突然 had done sth when... 刚做了某事，这时突然 He was about to go to school when a strong wind began to blow. 旗开得胜 读万卷书 行万里路 4 他正要去上学，这时突然刮起了大风。

(2)“祈使句and/or陈述句”，有时祈使句部分也可用名词短语 Register in WeChat，and you will be able to get in touch with the friends whom you havent seen for a long time. 在上注册后，你就能与很久没见面的朋友取得联系了 .单句语法填空 1It was time for her to have a new baby，________ it was also time for the young panda to be independent.(2016 四川高考) 答案 and 根据语境可知，“It was time for...”和“it was also time for...”之间是并 列关系，故用 and 连接 2One day，the cow was eating grass________it began to rain heavily.(广东高考) 答案 when be doing sth when...“正在做某事，这时突然” 3But the river wasnt changed in a few days ________ even a few months.(新课标 全国卷) 答案 or “a few days”和“a few months”之间为选择关系，因此要用 or 连接。

4We were told that our rooms hadnt been reserved for that week，________for the week after.(广东高考) 答案 but not...but...为固定结构，表示“不是而是” .单句改错 1At the end of our trip，I told my father that I planned to return every two years， but he agreed.(2018 全国卷) 答案 butand 根据句意可知，此处表示并列关系，用并列连词 and 2Everyone was silent，waiting to see who would be called upon to read his and her paragraph aloud.(2018 全国卷) 答案 andor 考查连词此处表示“他的或者她的”段落，应该属于一种选 择关系，而不是并列关系 旗开得胜 读万卷书 行万里路 5 3 I have grown not only physically， and also mentally in the past few years.(2017 全 国卷) 答案 andbut not only...but also...是固定短语， 意为“不但而且”。

4Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables or high quality oil are used for cooking.(2016 全国卷) 答案 orand 根据语境可知，新鲜的蔬菜与高品质的油二者之间为并列关系 而非选择关系 5We can choose between staying at home and taking a trip.If we stay at home，it is comfortable but there is no need to spend money.(2016 全国卷) 答案 butand 第二句句意：我们如果待在家里，会感觉舒适，还不花钱根 据句意可知，“comfortable”与“no need to spend money”之间是并列关系，而不是 转折关系 .单句语法填空 1I was just going to have a swim when I noticed a strange object in the sea.(2019 成 都模拟) 2Smile at life，and it will shine on you.(2019 泉州模拟) 3It is easy to make a decision，but__hard to stick to it.(2019 衡水中学模拟) 4The other day I was doing some grocery shopping when/and a man walked toward a group of us at the checkout stand.(2019 抚州模拟) 5We may not be able to recall the things we have heard or seen, but__they are all kept there in the storehouse of the human mind.(2019 哈尔滨模拟) 6Mr.Lee says slower runners，and those who 。