初三英语被动语态.doc

课 题被动语态的考点解析教学目标掌握被动语态的用法教学容【温故知新】批注：我们见过很多街头艺人，在大街上画出的立体画非常的逼真，很多人都会认为是真的，而从旁边绕过去，所以我们被欺骗啦！ We are cheated! 这样的表达，就是我们今天要讲的容——被动语态【知识梳理】知识点1：被动语态的根本知识1. 语态：英语的语态是通过动词的形式表现出来的，用来说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系，英语的动词有两种语态形式，即主动语态和被动语态如果主语是动作的执行者，谓语动词用主动语态如果主语是动作的对象，谓语动词用被动语态2. 主动语态与被动语态的转化：①将主动语态的宾语改为被动语态的主语；②将主动语态的谓语动词改为“be＋过去分词〞构造；③将主动语态的主语改为介词by之后的宾语，放在谓语动词之后〔有时可省略〕例： Wevisitedthat factorylast summer.主动语态主语 谓语 宾语 状语That factorywas visitedby uslast summer被动语态 主语 谓语 宾语 状语3. 用法：被动语态常用于以下两种情况：〔1〕不知道谁是动作的执行者，或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者；例：This cloth is made of cotton. 〔2〕强调动作的承受者。

例：Her bike is stolen . 知识点2：被动语态在各种时态下的构成时态构造例句一般现在时am/is/are +过去分词We are taught English by her.由她教我们英语一般过去时was/were+过去分词A present was given to me by Mary.玛丽给了我一件礼物一般将来时will/shall/be going to be+过去分词The desk will be mended by him.这桌子将由他修理现在进展时am/is/are +being + 过去分词The walls are being painted now.正在粉刷墙壁过去进展时was/were +being + 过去分词The talk was being given at this time yesterday.昨天这个时候正在作报告现在完成时have/has been+过去分词The flowers have been watered.这些花已经被浇了过去完成时had been+过去分词She said this lift had never been used.过去将来时would/should/be going to be+过去分词The film would be shown again sometime ne*t week. 这部电影下周的*个时候又将上映。

情态动词情态动词+be+过去分词〔其时态及句型的变化仅由情态动词完成，"be+过去分词"局部不变〕例1：Tables can be made of stone.桌子可由石头制造例2：Tables could be made of stone at that time. 那时桌子可由石头制造〔一般过去时〕例3：Can tables be made of stone" 桌子能用石头制造吗？〔疑问句〕批注：这里可以跟学生一起回忆一下动词的原形、过去式和过去分词，防止混淆例题精讲】单项选择题例1：(2012) — Our classroom____________every day.— So it is. It's our duty to keep it clean and tidy.A. cleans B. is cleaning C. is cleaned D. cleaning解析：答案Cour classroom做主语，很明显是“被清扫〞，并且根据语境是一般现在时态，所以用一般现在时态的被动is cleaned例2：〔2013〕The mobile phone has influenced people’s life a lot since it _________.A. invents B. invented C. is invented D. was invented 解析：答案D。

考察动词时态和语态句意：自从创造后，它在很大程度上影响了人们的生活根据句意判断用一般过去时，与动词invent在逻辑上是被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态例3：〔2013〕It is said that an Asian Culture Village inside the AYG, Village in Nanjing in the ing Asian Youth Games period.A. builds B. is building C. will be built D. was built解析：答案C考察动词的被动语态用法an Asian Culture Village(亚洲文化村)与动作build构成被动关系，所以应使用被动语态，故排除A、B项；又据句中in the ing Asian Youth Games period可知为将来时间，所以选择答案C例4：〔2013呼和浩特〕 People who ________ to the party are very e*cited. A. have invited B. has been invited C. will invite D. have been invited 解析：答案D。

考察被动语态的用法根据句意“已经被邀请去参加聚会的人非常冲动〞可以判断须用现在完成时的被动语态B和C选项为主动语态，但是动词invite没有宾语，故排除；而B选项中，has和主语people不能搭配所以选择答案D例5：〔2013黄冈〕—How often do I need to feed the dog"— It ___ food every day, or it will be hungry.A. must give B. must be giveC. must be given D. must be gave解析：答案C考察情态动词的被动语态 它每天必须被喂食，应用被动语态，其构成是be+过去分词，应选C例6： The new suspension bridge ___ by the end of last month.A. has been designed　　B. had been designedC. was designed 　　D. would be designed解析：答案B根据“by the end of last month〞，所以用过去完成时，又因为这座新桥是被设计的，所以综合来看，用过去完成时的被动语态。

例7：用括号动词的适当形式填空1.she _______________ (tell) the good news as soon as it arrived.2.A lot of work __________________(do) for the poor kids in the past few years.3.The book ________________ (write) by the young girl several years ago.4.All the tickets __________(sell) out when we got to the cinema.5.A new building __________(build) at our school now.6.I don't believe you've already finished reading the book which ________(lend) to you this morning！解析：1. 答案was told首先根据“as soon as it arrived〞，判断时态是一般过去时，而句意是“她被告知这个好消息〞，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。

  2. 答案has been done由时间状语可知需要用现在完成时态，句意是“大量工作已经被做〞，所以用被动语态3. 答案was writtenseveral years ago〞，可判断时态为一般过去时，“书是由一个年轻女孩所写〞，应用被动语态 4. 答案had been sold在他们到达电影院的时候，票已经卖完了〞，这里“到达〞已经是过去时，所以票卖完了是在到达之前发生的，所以用过去完成时的被动语态  5. 答案is being built由now可知需用现在进展时态，新桥是“被建造〞，所以用现在进展时态的被动语态6. 答案 was lent由this morning可知时态为一般过去时，而书“被借出〞，用被动语态例8：把以下句子改为被动句1. John drew a beautiful horse last week.2. The children will sing an English song.3. People use metal for making machines.4. He asked me to do that for him.5. They sold out the light green dresses. 答案：1. A beautiful horse was drawn by John last week. 2. A English song will be sung by the children. 3. Metal is used for making machines by people. 4. I was asked to do that for him. 5. The light green dresses were sold out by them.例9：用括号所给动词的正确形式填空。

1.It's said that the long bridge______________〔build〕in two months． 2.Where to have the meeting ______________ 〔discuss〕now． 3.Which language _______the most widely_______〔speak〕in the world？ 4.The lost boy_____________〔not find〕so far． 5.Last year a large number of trees______________〔cut〕down． 解析：1. 答案will be built根据后面的in two months可判断时态为一般将来时，再根据主语是bridge，可知桥是被建造的，所以用一般将来时的被动语态2.答案is being discussed这里主语是疑问词引导的不定式做主语，谓语动词用三单形式， 再看最后的时间状语是now，所以用现在进展时的被。