2023年初中英语宾语从句知识点整理含习题与答案.doc

一、语法知识1.概念:在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句，宾语从句可作谓语动词的宾语，也可做介词的宾语eg, He said he was good at drawing. (动词宾语)　 He asks him how long Mike has been down . (动词宾语)　 Miss Zhang is angry at what you said. (介词宾语)2.连接词(1) .陈述句转化成宾语从句时，引导词用that,口语中经常省略e.g, She told me (that) she would like to go with us.(2)以whether或if引导的宾语从句, 重要用来引导一般疑问句意思或选择疑问句意思的宾语从句,从句同样是陈述语序eg, I wonder if /whether you have told the news to Li Lei .注意：一般情况下，whether 和if 可以互用， 但有些情况例外a. 当从句做介词的宾语时只用whether 不用ifeg, We are talking about whether we'll go on the picnic.b. 引导词与动词不定式或 not 连用时， 只用whether.eg, Please let me know what to do next. Could you tell me whether you go or not?c. if当假如讲时， 引导的是条件状语从句， 这时不能用whether.(3).特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时，引导词用特殊疑问词；引导词后要用陈述句语序。

E.g. Could you tell me what's the matter\wrong with you?特殊情况：当do you think后接特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时，句式结构应为引导词＋do you think＋陈述句语序3.宾语从句时态a.当主句是一般现在时，一般将来时或祈使句时，从句不受主句的限制，根据自身的需要选用相应的时态例如：Do you know（if/whether he has seen the film）?b.当主句是一般过去时，从句要用过去时的相应时态例如： I didn't know （if/whether he had seen the film.）注意：当主句是一般过去时，而从句表达的是客观真理，自然现象，科学原理，格言等，从句仍然要用一般现在时例如：He said （that the earth moves round the sun.） The teacher told us （that light travels much faster than sound.）4.人称的变化和标点的使用a.从句的主语假如是第一人称，变为宾语从句则与主句的主语一致；假如是第二人称，则与主句的宾语一致；假如是第三人称，不用变化。

如：(一主二宾三不变) “May I use your knife？”He asked me. →He asked me if he might use my knife. “Do you know her telephone number？”He asked me. →He asked me if I know her telephone number.b. 宾语从句的标点均由主句决定主句是陈述句，用句号；主句是疑问句，用问号如： Who will give us a talk? I don’t know. →I don’t know who will give us a talk. Do you know？Where does he live? →Do you know where he lives?5.宾语从句的转化1）.当主句谓语动词是hope，wish，decide，forget，plan，agree等，且主句主语与从句主语相同时，从句可简化为不定式结构如：She agreed that she could help me with my maths. →She agreed to help me with my maths.2）.当主句的谓语动词是know, learn, forget, remember, decide等后面带特殊疑问句转化的宾语时，主从句的主语也须一致这时从句可以简化成“疑问词＋不定式结构”。

例如：I don't know which sweater I should buy. →I don't know which sweater to buy.3） .当主句的谓语动词是ask，tell, show, teach等后面带双宾语时，从句的主语和间接宾语一致，且从句是由特殊疑问句转化来时，从句可以转化成“疑问词＋不定式结构”,或者在连接代词/副词引导的宾语从句中，当从句主语与主句主语或间接宾语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“连接代词/副词＋不定式”结构如：Could you tell me (that) how could I get to the park? →Could you tell me how to get to the park?4) . 当主句谓语动词是find，see，watch，hear等感官动词时，从句常简化为“宾语＋宾补”结构，宾补为不带to的不定式或V-ing形式如：She found that the wallet lay/was lying on the ground. →She found the wallet lie/lying on the ground.6.宾语从句与形式宾语 it当宾语从句后跟有宾语补足语时，通常在宾语从句处使用形式宾语it，而将真正的宾语从句移至句末。

如：I think it best that you should stay here. 我认为你最佳住这儿He hasn’t made it known when he is going to get married. 他还没宣布他何时结婚7.宾语从句与否认转移当动词 think, believe, suppose, expect, imagine 后接一个表达否认意义的宾语从句时，其否认通常转移到主句如：I don’t think that it is worth doing.. 我认为这不值得做I don’t believe that he will help us. 我相信他不会来二、用合适的连接词填空1. Jim told me ____ he didn't go fishing yesterday afternoon.（how, why） 2. Do you know ______ else is going to be on duty today？（who, whom）3. She said _____ it wouldn't matter much.（that, if）4. He always thinks ______ he can do better.（how, who）5. I really don't know ________ the bridge will be finished.（how long, how soon）6. They don't know _______ to go or wait. (if, whether)7. We are talking about ______ we’ll go back tomorrow. (whether, if)8. I was really surprised at ______ I saw. (where, what)9. I don't know ____ so many people are looking at him. (how, why)10. Do you know ______ you are studying for? (why, what)三、单项选择1.Have you decided __D______for Australia? 你决定什么时候去澳大利亚了吗？宾语从句用陈述语序。

A. when will you leave B. when do you leave C. you will leave when D. when you will leave2.Can you tell me ____D_____ ? 宾语从句用陈述语序，where作从句的宾语A. where does Tom live B. where Tom lived C. Tom lives where D. where Tom lives3.The old man asked me __C______. 宾语从句用陈述语序，where表达地点A. where was the cinema B. where is the cinema C. where the cinema was D. where was the way to the cinema4.I think __A_____ you will like him. if表达选择，我想你是否将喜欢他A. that B. if C. why D. how5.I didn’t know ___B____ he will come or not. 有or not， 所以用whether.A. that B. whether C. weather D. how6.I wonder __C_______ . 宾语从句用陈述语序.A. how much cost these shoes B. how much do these shoes costC. how much these shoes cost D. how much are these shoes cost7. She asked me ___A______ . 宾语从句用陈述语序,who 作从句的宾语。

A. who he was B. who was he C. who is he D. who he is8.Ask him __A_____. whose是所有格，所以后面要有一个名词，整体做从句的宾语A. whose cup this is B. whose cup is this C. this is whose cup D. whose is this cup9.I don’t know ___A______ . 宾语从句用陈述语序A. what time the movie starts B. what time starts the movieC. the time to start the movie。