英音美音.doc

美式发音与英式发音的区别已有 151 次阅读  2010-03-25 19:47   标签:  发音  英式  1. 标准英音和美音 标准美音：GA：General American标准英音：RP：Received Pronunciation2. 英音与美音的元音区别2.1 元音区别A：卷舌音当字母 r 出现在单词的元音字母组合中时，英音 r 不发音，美音会出现独特的卷舌音[ɑr] car charge far large smart[ər ] her earn bird turn learn word first（基准卷舌音）[ɪr] dear near[ɛr ] air dare pear their where[ʊr] sure tour poor[ɔr] for more door floor pour before[jʊr ] fewer sure poor tour cure[ɑɪr] fire liar buyer tired higher[ɑʊr] hour flower tower power shower[ɔɪr ] employer destroyer2.2 元音区别B：[ɑ:] – [æ] 英语中的元音[ɑ:]在用于[f] [θ] [s]或鼻音前时，美语发为[æ]，但在字母组合lm前发音不变仍为[ɑ]。

英音 美音(1) half /hɑ:f/ /h æ f/(2) bath /bɑ: θ/ /b æθ/(3) pass /pɑ:s/ /p æ s/(4) ask /ɑ:sk/ / æ sk/(5) calm /kɑ:m/ /kɑm/(6) palm /pɑ:m/ /pɑm/Read the dialogue At a PartyMargaret： Where’s your glass, Barbara?Barbara： It’s on the bar.Martin： Barbara, Margaret! Come into the garden! Martha and Charles are dancing on the grass!Margaret： In the garden? What a laugh!Barbara： So they are!Margaret： They are dancing under the stars!Martin： And Arnold’s playing his guitar.Barbara： Doesn’t Martha look smart?Margaret： Look at Charles! What a marvelous dancer!Barbara： Ah! Let’s take a photograph of Martha and Charles.Martin： We can’t. It’s too dark.2.3 元音区别C：英语[ɔ: ]变为美语[ɔ]或[ɑ]（其实美语发音介于两者之间，区分并不大，建议读作[ɑ]）。

英音 美音(1) bought /bɔ:t/ /bɔt/或/bɑt/(2) talk /tɔ:k/ /tɔk/或/tɑk/(3) ball /bɔ:l/ /bɔl/或/bɑl/(4) caught /kɔ:t/ /kɔt/或/kɑt/(5) law /lɔ:/ /lɔ/或/lɑ/(5) saw /sɔ:/ /sɔ/或/sɑ/Read the following words, paying attention to the pronunciation of [ɔ]. coffee water caught lawbought boss tall talklawyer fought walk ballcause draw daughter Augustsaw ought flaw paw2.4 元音区别D：[ɔ] – [ɑ] 英语[ɔ]变为美语[ɑ]英音 美音(1)　hot /hɔt/ /hɑt/(2)　cot /kɔt/ /kɑt/(3)　clock /klɔk/ /klɑk/(4)　shop /ʃɔp/ /ʃɑp/(5)　box /bɔx/ /bɑx/(6)　not /nɔt/ /nɑt/Read the following words, while paying attention to the different pronunciation of [ɑ]. what want wash watchbottle promise shop jobhot top college pot2.5 元音区别E：[ʌ] [ə] – [ə] 英语[ʌ]、[ə]在美语中不再区分，读为[ə]（其实美音将其读成两者都可以，不作区分，只不过是强弱读的分别而已，前者强读后者弱读）。

英音 美音(1)　above /ə’bʌv/ /ə’bəv/(2)　but /bʌt/ /bət/(3)　touch /tʌtʃ/ /tətʃ/(4)　love /lʌv/ /ləv/(5)　blood /blʌd/ /bləd/Now practice the sound in words. Listen and repeat each word twice. (1)　up /ʌp/ up(2)　love /lʌv/ love(3)　cut /kʌt/ cut(4)　another /ə’nʌðər/ another(5)　above /ə’bʌv/ above(6)　bus /bʌs/ bus(7)　nut /nʌt/ nut(8)　sun /sʌn/ sun(9)　bun /bʌn/ bun(10) cup /kʌp/ cup2.6 元音区别F：[e] [ɛ] 与英语中的[e]相比，美语中的[ɛ]口型向两侧分得略大一点英音　美音(1)　bed　 /bed/　/bɛd/(2)　head　/hed/　/hɛd/Now practice the sound in words. (1)　egg /ɛg/ egg(2)　guess /gɛs/ guess(3)　neck /nɛk/ neck(4)　red /rɛd/ red(5)　let /lɛt/ let3. 英音与美音的辅音区别3.1 辅音区别A:字母t的发音字母 t 可出现在单词的词首、词中和词尾三个部位。

其中在词首与词尾时的发音技巧美式与英式相同，发[t]，例如 tight /tɑɪt/而在词中时，英式读法和词首、词尾一致，美式却有两种读法Flat[t]由舌尖弹动发出的弹舌音，听起来像一个非常轻的[d]better　city　letter　little　bottlebetter　noted　city　little　citizen　patio　puttingRead the words, while paying attention to the pronunciation of [t] ( =[d] ). city forty butterwater dirty matterwriter better Betty/t/ /d/Italian Italyattack atticatomic atomphotography photograph鼻腔爆破鼻腔爆破(Nasal Plosive)：由舌前端在上齿根部闭气，软颚放低，发出鼻辅音/n/的瞬间，气流突然从鼻腔冲出，形成鼻腔爆破button　 cotton√　 thirteen×button　written　curtain　eaten　important　Latin Now practice the sound in words. Notice the phonetic spelling. Listen and repeat each word twice.(1)　mutton /’mətn/ mutton(2)　written /’ritin/ /’rɪtn/ written(3)　curtain /’kə:tin/ /’kərtn/ curtain(4)　certain /’sə:tin/ /’sərtn/ certain(5)　eaten /’itin/ /’ɪtn/ eaten(6)　button /’bʌtən/ /’bətn/ button3.2 辅音区别B:字母l的发音Clear L舌尖抵在上齿根部，再自然落下，发出类似汉语“了”的音。

light　　let　　lip　　local　　lake　　lampPhrases and single sentencesa lovely girl All is well.Let her alone.to tell a lieate at nightDid he leave?little by littleto live wellto talk loudIs Della telling us a lie?Laura left a little after eleven.All love letters belong to loose Louise.Would you like to look at the lakewhere Larry Lotter was eaten for lunch?Where shall we meet for lunch?A little boy just fell into the lake.Dark L舌尖抵在上齿根部但不落下，气流从舌边涌出(如下图)，声带振动发[ə]ball　 talk 　fail　 feel 　ill　 wolfNow practice the sound in words. Notice the phonetic spelling. Listen and repeat each word twice.(1)　kill / kill/ kill(2)　school /skul/ school(3)　soul /səul/ soul(4)　pail /pɑil/ pail(5)　boil /bɔil/ boil(6)　tool /tul/ tool单词中不同位置的L1) 词首: 字母L单独或以辅音连缀的形式出现在单词的词首时，都发Clear L。

如 fly play blame climb2) 词中:字母L单独或以双写形式出现在单词的词中时——英式：只发一个Clear L——美式：先发一个Dark L，再发一个Clear L如 telephone　elephant　a million3) 词尾:字母L单独或以辅音连缀的形式出现在单词词尾时，都发Dark L如：feel　bell　felt　beltPractice the sound /l/ as in “like” in several different positions. Listen and repeat these words.词首(1) look (4) lunch (7) laugh (10) loud(2) labor (5) legal (8) lecture (11) lover(3) licen。