非谓语动词作补语讲解及练习_共5页.docx

非谓语作补语一．带 to 的不定式（ to do ） 作宾补的动词常见的有： ask, invite, tell, want, encourage, wish, expect, beg, request, require, advise, order, force, cause, allow,permit, forbid, warn, remind, teach, send, call on, wait for, would like / love / prefer 等表示劝请、要求类动词后，用带to 的不定式作宾补1. My advisor encouraged a summer course to improve my writing skills. 〔 北京卷 〕A. for me taking B. me taking C. for me to take D. me to take2. The teacher asked us so much noise. 〔 北京卷 〕A. don ’ t make B. not make C. not making D. not to make3. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him . 〔 全国卷 〕A. not to B. not to do C. not do it D. do not do4. The patient was warned oily food after the operation. 〔 全 国 卷 〕A. to eat not B. eating not C. not to eat D. not eating二. 在使役动词后作宾补的不定式不带 to在使役动词 make, let, have 后，一般用不带 to 的不定式作宾补，但在其被动式后作主语补足语时，要加上 to ；1. Though he had often made his little sister , today he was made by his little sister.A. cry, to cry B. crying, crying C. cry, cry D. to cry, cry2. Paul doesn ’ t have to be made . He always works hard.全〔 国卷 〕A. learn B. to learn C. learned D. learning三．在感官动词后作宾补的非谓语动词形式感官动词 feel, listen to, hear, see, look at, watch, notice ， observe 等后面的宾语与作宾补的非谓语动词在规律上是主动关系时，用不带 to 的〔在被动式后作主补时要加 to〕 不定式 〔 全过程 〕或者现在分词作宾补 〔正在发生 〕，是被动关系是时，用过去分词作宾补1. They knew her very well. They had seen her up from childhood. 〔 全 国 卷 〕A. grow B. grew C. was growing D. to grow2. The missing boy were last seen near the river. 〔 全国卷 〕A. playing B. to be playing C. play D. to play3. The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see the next year. 〔 全 国 卷 〕A. carried out B. carrying out C. carry out D. to carry out四．其宾语后可用分词或不定式的 3 个动词在 want, get, have 等动词的宾语后面可接现在分词、过去分词或动词不定式；现分述如下：① want sb. doing 期望某人做某事 〔多用于否定 〕 ；want sb. to do 要某人做某事； want sth. done=want sth. to be done〔 被动〕；I don ’ t want you arriving late. 我期望你不要迟到； 〔主动、否定句 〕I want the letter 〔to be〕 opened now. 我现在就想把这封信拆开； 〔被动 〕② get sb. to do sth. 使某人做某事 〔主动、将来 〕; get doing使 开头做某事 ; get done=have sth. done 请人做 / 遭受〔被动 〕；如：I ’ ll try to get her the doctor. 〔 上海卷 〕A. see B. seeing C. to see D. for seeing③ have sth. done=get sth. done 请人做某事 ; have sb / sth. doing sth. 使某人 / 某物始终做某事或者处于某种状态；have sb. do sth. 使某人做某事 〔见使役动词 〕； have sth. to do 有事要做 〔 见非谓语动词作定语部分 〕；1. He didn ’ t keep on asking me the time any longer as he had had his watch . 〔 上海卷 〕1A. to repair B. repaired C.repairing D. repair五．可用分词但不用 to do 作补语的 5 个动词Leave， keep, find 等后可用现在分词 〔主动 〕或过去分词 〔被动 〕作补语，一般不用 to do ；在 catch〔 撞见 〕, smell〔 闻到 〕, 等后通常只接现在分词作补语，不用不定式或过去分词；1. It was so cold that they kept the fire all night. 〔 全国卷 〕A. to burn B. burnt C. burning D. burned2. A cook will be immediately fired if he is found in the kitchen. 〔 全国卷 〕A. smoke B. smoking C. to smoke D. smoked3. He looked around and caught a man his hand into the pocket of a passenger. 〔 安徽卷 〕A. put B. to be putting C. to put D. putting4. The salesman scolded the girl caught and let her off. 〔 全国卷 〕A. to have stolen B. to be stealing C. to steal D. stealing 5.Don ’ t leave the water while you brush your teeth. 〔 天津卷 〕A. run B. running C. being run D. to run ；六． make oneself 后常用 understood 等过去分词作宾补make oneself understood / heard / seen / known 让别人明白自己的意思 / 让自己讲的话被别人听到 / 让自己被别人看到 / 让自己被别人熟悉；如：1. The speaker raised his voice but still couldn ’ t make hims全el国f _卷 〕 . 〔A. hear B. to hear C. hearing D. heard2. Helen had to shout above the sound of the music. 〔 广西卷 〕A. making herself hear B. to make herself hear C. making herself heard D. to make herself heard七．可用 to be 或 to have done 作补语的 9 个动词在表示 “认为 ”的 think, consider, believe, suppose, prove, find, understand, judge, imagine 等动词后，可跟 to be 作补语〔认为 是 〕，一般不跟 to do ；但在 think, consider, believe 等之后可跟 to have done 作补语 〔认为 做了 〕；如：Charles Babage is generally considered the first computer. 〔 全国卷 〕A. to have invented B. inventing C. to invent D. having invented八．在 be said / reported 等后用不定式在 be said, be reported, be believed, be supposed, be thought 等后面，以及要求接不定式；1. He was reported to have broken the world record. 据报道他打破了世界纪录；=It is reported that he has broken the world record.2. The flu is believed by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat. 〔 上海卷 〕 A. cause B. being caused C. to be caused D. to have caused3. Robert is said abroad, but I don ’ t know what country he s全tud国ie卷d in〕. 〔A. to have studied B. to study C. to be studying D. to have been studying九．在介词 with 后作宾补的非谓语动词形式在 with 的宾语后，如用过去分词，表示宾语与过去分词在规律上是被动关系，且意味着该动作已经完成或；如用现在分词，表示宾语与现在分词在规律上是主动关系，且表示动作的连续进行；如用带 to 的不定式，就表示将来的动作，宾语与不定式在规律上可以是主动关系也可以是被动关系，留意此时的不定式不是作宾补而是作宾语的定语了；如：1. The murderer was brought in, with his hands behind his back. 〔 全国卷 〕A. being tied B. having tied C. to be tied D. tied2. With。