常见动词过去式过去分词的变化规则.doc

常见动词过去式过去分词的变化规则动词过去式和过去分词有规则变化和不规则变化两种一、规则变化:1. 一般情况直接加ed,如ask一asked,work—worked2. 以不发音的e结尾，只加d,女口love一loved,dance一danced3. 以辅音字母加y结尾，把y变为i,再加ed,如try一tried,study一studied4. 以一个元音字母和一个辅音结尾的重读闭音节结尾的动词（以重读闭音节或r音节结尾而末尾只有一个辅音字母）,先双写末尾这个辅音字母,再加ed,如stop—stopped,permit一permitted注：A.以1结尾的动词,尾音节重读时，双写1,如control一controlled;尾音节不重读时，双不双写都可以，女口travel一traveled（美）/trave11ed（英）B.特例:picnic一picnicked一picnicked（去野餐“traffic—trafficked一trafficked（交易，在…通行）另外,还有很多动词的过去式和过去分词是不合乎上述规则的,需要熟记.（见后）C.读音与说明:□ .-ed在清辅音音素后发音为［t］:helped,liked,finished,fetched,stopped,clapped□ .-ed在浊辅音和元音后发音为［d］:believed,changed,planned,preferred,followed,stayed□ .-ed在［t］、［d］后发音为［id］:wanted,needed,admitted,permitted二、不规则变化1. A---A---A型（现在式、过去式、过去分词同形）动词原形（现在式）过去式过去分词costcostcost花费cutcutcut割,切hithithit打letletlet让putputput放下readreadread读hurthurthurt伤2. A---A---B型（现在式和过去式同形）beatbeatbeaten打3. A---B---A型（现在式和过去分词同形）comecamecome来becomebecamebecome变runranrun跑4.A---B---B型⑴在动词原形后加一个辅音字母d或t构成过去式或过去分词。

burnburntburnt燃烧learnlearned/learntlearned/learnt学习meanmeantmeant意思hearheardheard听见⑵把动词原形的最后一个辅音字母“d”改为“t”构成过去式或过去分词buildbuiltbuilt建筑lendlentlent借给loselostlost失去sendsentsent送spendspentspent花费⑶其他paypaidpaid付laylaidlaid下蛋saysaidsaid说bringbroughtbrought带来buyboughtbought买thinkthoughtthought想catchcaughtcaught抓住teachtaughttaught教fightfoughtfought战斗sleepsleptslept睡keepkeptkept保持sweepsweptswept扫standstoodstood站understandunderstoodunderstood明白winwonwon得胜shineshone/shinedshone/shined发光feelfeltfelt觉得findfoundfound发现getgotgot得到hanghanged/hunghanged/hung绞死，挂havehadhad有holdheldheld盛，握leaveleftleft离开makemademade制造meetmetmet遇见sellsoldsold卖shootshotshot射击telltoldtold告诉smellsmelt/smelledsmelt/smelled嗅，闻sitsatsat坐digdugdug挖5.A---B---C型（现在式、过去式和过去分词都不相同）⑴在动词原形后加-n或-en构成过去分词。

eatateeaten吃fallfellfallen落下stealstolestolen偷givegavegiven给freezefrozefrozen冻结taketooktaken拿seesawseen看见・・丿”广writewrotewritten写rideroderidden骑drivedrovedriven驾驶throwthrewthrown抛，扔blowblewblown吹growgrewgrown生长knowknewknown知道flyflewflown飞drawdrewdrawn拉，绘画showshowedshown展示⑵过去式加-n或-en构成过去分词speakspokespoken说话breakbrokebroken破碎，折断wakewaked/wokewaked/waken醒choosechosechosen选择forgetforgotforgotten忘记过去分词）⑶变单词在重读音节中的元音字母“i”分别为“a”(过去式)和“ubeginbeganbegun开始ringrangrung按铃singsangsung唱sinksanksunk沉swimswamswum游泳drinkdrankdrunk饮⑷其他不规则动词的变化。

be(am,is)was/werebeen是be(are)werebeen是dodiddone做gowentgone去lielaylain躺wearworeworn穿。