英语必修3课文翻译.doc

节日和庆典节日和庆典 自古以来，世界各地就有各种各样的节日和庆典最古老的节日总是庆祝严寒的结束、春 季的种植和秋天的收割有时，在猎人捕获猎物后，也举行庆祝活动在那个时代，如果 食物难以找到，特别是在寒冷的冬月，人们会挨饿现在的节日有很多由来，一些是宗教 上的，一些是季节性的，一些是纪念特殊的人和事件的 亡灵节亡灵节 有些节日，是为了纪念死者，或使祖先得到满足，因为祖先们有可能回到世上（给人们） 提供帮助，也有可能带来危害在日本的盂兰盆节，人们要扫墓、烧香，以缅怀祖先他 们还点起灯笼，奏响乐曲，因为他们认为这样做可以把祖先引回到世上在墨西哥，亡灵 节是在 11 月初在这个重要的节日里，人们会吃制成颅骨形状的食物，和装点有“骨头”的 蛋糕他们向亡者祭献食物、鲜花和礼品西方节日万圣节也源自人们古老的信念，认为 亡者的灵魂会返回人间万圣节如今成了孩子们的节日，这天他们可以乔装打扮上到邻居 家要糖吃如果邻居什么糖也不给，那么孩子们就可以捉弄他们了 纪念名人的节日纪念名人的节日 也有纪念名人的节日中国的端午节（龙舟节） ，是纪念著名古代诗人屈原的美国的哥伦 布日是纪念克里斯托弗·哥伦布发现“新大陆”的日子。

印度在 10 月 2 日有个全国性节日， 纪念莫汉达斯·甘地，他是帮助印度脱离英国而独立的领袖 庆丰收的节日庆丰收的节日 收获与感恩节是非常喜庆的节日越冬的粮食收集起来了，农活结束了，人们都心怀感激 在欧洲国家，人们通常用花果来装饰教堂和市政厅，在一起聚餐有些人还可能因为他们 的农产品（参加各种评选）而获奖，比如最大的西瓜或最帅的公鸡中国和日本都有中秋 节，这时，人们会赏月在中国，人们还品尝月饼 春天的节日春天的节日 最富生气而又最重要的节日，就是告别冬天、迎来春天的日子中国人过春节要吃饺子、 鱼和肉，还要给孩子们送红纸包着的压岁钱 （他们）舞龙灯、狂欢，全家人聚在一起欢庆 阴历年在一些西方国家有激动人心的狂欢节，通常在二月，复活节前的四十天狂欢节 期间，人们身着各种艳丽的节日盛装，伴随着鼓噪的音乐，在街头游行，昼夜跳舞复活 节是全世界基督徒的一个重要的宗教和公众节日它庆祝耶稣复活，也欢庆春天和新生命 的到来再晚些时候，日本就迎来了樱花节， （节日里）整个国度到处是盛开的樱花，看上 去就像覆盖了一层粉红色的雪 人们喜欢聚在一起吃、喝、玩耍节日让我们享受生活，让我们为自己的习俗而自豪，还 可以暂时忘掉工作中的烦恼。

Festivals and celebrations Festivals and celebrations of all kinds have been held everywhere since ancient times. Most ancient festivals would celebrate the end of cold weather, planting in spring and harvest in autumn. Sometimes celebrate would be held after hunters had caught animals. At that time people would starve if food was difficult to find, especially during the cold winter months. Today’s festivals have many origins ,some religious, some seasonal, and some for special people or events. Festivals of the Dead Some festivals are held to honour the dead or to satisfy the ancestors, who might return either to help or to do harm. For the Japanese festival. Obon, people should go to clean graves and light incense in memory of their ancestors. They also light lamps and play music because they think that this will lead the ancestors back to earth. In Mexico, people celebrate the Day of the Dead in early November. On this important feast day, people eat food in the shape of skulls and cakes with “bones” on them. They offer food, flowers and gifts to the dead. The Western holiday Halloween also had its origin in old beliefs about the return of the spirits of dead people. It is now a children’s festival, when they can dress up and to their neighbours’ homes to ask for sweets. If the neighbours do not give any sweets, the children might play a trick on them. Festivals to Honour People Festivals can also be held to honour famous people .The Dragon Boat Festival in China honours the famous ancient poet, Qu Yuan. In the USA Columbus Day is in memory of the arrival of Christopher Columbus in New World. India has a national festival on October 2 to honour Mohandas Gandhi, the leader who helped gain India’s independence from Britain. Harvest Festivals Harvest and Thanksgiving festivals can be very happy events. People are grateful because their food is gathered for the winter and the agricultural work is over. In European countries, people will usually decorate churches and town halls with flowers and fruit, and will get together to have meals. Some people might win awards for their farm produce, like the biggest watermelon or the most handsome rooster. China and Japan have mid-autumn festivals, when people admire the moon and in China, enjoy mooncakes. Spring Festivals The most energetic and important festivals are the ones that look forward to the end of winter and to the coming of spring. At the Spring Festival in China, people eat dumplings, fish and meat and may give children lucky money in red paper. There are dragon dances and carnivals, and families celebrate the Lunar New Year together. Some Western countries have very exciting carnivals, which take place forty days before Easter, usually in February. These carnivals might include parades, dancing in the streets day and night, loud music and colourful clothing of all kinds. Easter is an important religious and social festival for Christians around the world. It celebrates the return of Jesus from the dead and the coming of spring and new life. Japan’s Cherry Blossom Festival happens a little later. The country, covered with cherry tree flowers, looks as thought it is covered with pink snow. People love to get together to eat , drink and have fun with each other. Festivals let us enjoy life, be proud of our customs and forget our work for a little while 一段伤心的爱情故事一段伤心的爱情故事 李方的心都碎了。

这天是情人节，胡瑾说她下班后会在咖啡馆和他见面的可现在她却不 见人影也许她这会儿跟朋友在一起，正在取笑他呢她说她会在 7 点到达，他(李方)认 为她会守信用的他一整天都期盼着见到她，而现在他拿着玫瑰花和巧克力独自一人守候 着，像个傻瓜一样他不想屏息等她来道歉，他要用咖啡来解愁 很明显，咖啡馆里的经理在等李方离开一一他擦好桌子，然后坐下来，打开电视机这正 合了李方的意！正在播出的是流传在中国的一个悲伤的爱情故事 王母娘娘的外孙女下凡来到人间她的名字叫织女，做纺织活的女孩她在人间遇到了牛 郎，两人相爱了李方想“这正像我和胡瑾 ”)于是他们秘密结了婚，并且生活得十分幸福 (李方想,“我们也可以像他们那样幸福的 ”)当王母娘娘知道自己的孙女跟一个世上的凡人结 了婚，她勃然大怒，强行把织女带回到天宫牛郎试图追上去，却被银河阻挡住了看到 织女伤心欲绝，最后王母娘娘决定让这对夫妻每年跨过银河相会一次 阴历七月初七，喜 鹊们会展翅搭桥，让这对恋人过河相会中国人都希望这天天气晴朗，因为如果碰到下雨， 这就意味着织女在哭泣，两个恋人不能见面 主持人说道：“这就是乞巧节的故事一一外国朋友听到这个故事就将它称作中国的情人。