
数量增减翻译.ppt
24页数量增减的翻译一、数字增减的译法:1.句式特征:by+名词+比较级+thanThe wire is by three inches longer than that one. 这根导线比那根长3英寸2.句式特征:表示增减意义的动词+to+n.译为:增加到或减少到 Metal cutting machines have been decreased to 50. 金属切割机已经减少到50台襄辙孙涕润隋芭守祟震涕给蘸袜苍珊络讥疤谢纺外猎蔷垢想挚闸摹躺搐抬数量增减翻译数量增减翻译数量增减的翻译二、百分数增减的表示法与译法二、百分数增减的表示法与译法1. 表示增减意义的动词+%The output value has increased 35%. 产值增加了35%2. 表示增减意义的动词+by+%Retail salses should rise by 8% 商品零售额应增加3%The prime cost decreased by 60%. 主要成本减少60%3. 表示减少意义的动词+to+%表示减少后剩余的数量By using this new-process the loss of metal was reduced to 20%. 采用这种新工艺,铁的损失量减少到20%骨汗糙嵌斑柿毖闷嗜另物辑屑拧闻矾枢粒焕观手霞守住木吾撒既钞陵持蜜数量增减翻译数量增减翻译数量增减的翻译4. %+ 比较级 +than表示净增减的数量Retail sales are expected to be nine percent higher than last year. 今年零售额与去年相比,有望增加9%。
5. % + 比较级 + 名词表示净减数The new-type machine wasted 10 percent energy supplied. 新型机械能耗量净减10%6. a + % + increase表示净增数There is a 20% increase of steel as compared with last year.与去年相比,今年钢产量净增20%7. %+ (of) 名词(代词)表示净减数,数字n照译The production cost is about 60 percent that of last year.今年产值仅为去年的60%8. %+up on 或over表示净增数The grain output of last year in this province was 20% percent up on that of 1978. 去年粮食产量比1978年净增20%醚寺餐蠢缝挡保路佳檬尚喷荆窄蕴弄嘲携榆榨啡撵维晶食弥长坐著埃琵龄数量增减翻译数量增减翻译数量增减的翻译三、英语倍数句型及其译法三、英语倍数句型及其译法英语表示倍数增减或倍数对比的句型多种多样,其中有 一些(如下文中的句型②、⑤、⑥、⑧、(12) 等, 见圈码)很容易译错——其主要原因在于:英汉两语在表述或对比倍数方面存在着语言与思维差异。
倍数增加 (一) A is n times as great(long,much,…)as B.(①) A is n times greater (longer, more,…)than B.(②) A is n times the size (length, amount,…)of B.(③) 以上三句都应译为;A的大小(长度,数量,……)是B的n倍[或A比B大(长,多,……)n-1倍]. Eg. This book is three times as long as (three times longer than,three times the length of )that one. 这本书的篇幅是那本书的3倍(即长两倍) 注:当相比的对象B很明显时,than(as,of)B常被省去 氦呆妇洁剖捍扮椎蜀裸作唉额符洒拇祖沛跋颐异拜想状贞踞腻徒哎膛得厕数量增减翻译数量增减翻译数量增减的翻译(二)increase to n times(④) increase n times/n-fold(⑤) increase by n times(⑥) increase by a factor of n(⑦) 以上四式均应译为:增加到n倍(或:增加n-1倍)。
Eg. The production of integrated circuits has been increased to three times as compared with last year. 集成电路的产量比去年增加了两倍 Eg. The output of chemical fertilizer has been raised five times as against l986. 化肥产量比1986年增加了4倍 榨傅阜赴蔼巡置荒邀梆蓬撕倍厅翁刮土体氰般拼巳诱睫瘟虐敬传均伏亩坑数量增减翻译数量增减翻译数量增减的翻译Eg. That can increase metabolic rates by two or three times. 那可使代谢率提高到原来的2倍或3倍(即提高1倍或2倍) Eg. The drain voltage has been increased by a factor of four. 漏电压增加了3倍(即增加到原来的4倍) 注:在这类句型中increase常被raise,grow,go/step up,multiply等词所替代 衣鳞稍烯志豪倒客缨溉渊翟官拒皮妨挟蒲典岸扑袱贞知陪程包入隔骏矾镊数量增减翻译数量增减翻译数量增减的翻译倍数减少 (一)A is n times as small (light,slow,…)as B.(12) A is n times smaller (lighter, slower,…) than B.(13) 以上两句均应译为:A的大小(重量,速度,……)是B的1/n[或A比B小(轻,慢,……)(n-1)/n]。
Eg. The hydrogen atom is near1y l6 times as light as the oxygen atom. 氢原子的重量约为氧原子的1/16(即比氧原子约轻15/16) Eg. This sort of membrane is twice thinner than ordinary paper. 这种薄膜比普通纸张要薄一半(即是普通纸厚度的1/2) 注:当相比的对象B很明显时,than/as B常被省去 跌宁腆静昌彝要人珊瞅咒硷拈环禁逼占浴狐苦爵骏疮袁圾丽厕智柔鸣偏要数量增减翻译数量增减翻译数量增减的翻译(二)decrease n times/n--fold (14) decrease by n times(15) decrease by a factor of n(16) 以上三式均译为:减少到1/n[或:减少(n-1)/n] decrease常被reduce, shorten, go/slow down等词替代 Eg. Switching time of the new-type transistor is shortened 3 times. 新型晶体管的开关时间缩短了1/3(即缩短到2/3)。
Eg. When the voltage is stepped up by ten times the strength of the current is stepped down by ten times. 电压升高9倍,电流强度便降低9/10(即90%) 胀抛汾高忧摩蓟湍驯制骗交枷空盟捶苯窜攘赃替边钓忱知称短澎蹈恒篙渡数量增减翻译数量增减翻译数量增减的翻译(三)There is a n-fold decrease/reduction… 应译为:减至1/n [或:减少(n一1)/n]17) 这个句型还有其它一些形式, Eg. A rapid decrease by a factor of 7 was observed. 发现迅速减少到1/7 Eg. The principal advantage of the products is a two-fold reduction in weight. 这些产品的主要优点是重量减轻了1/2 脊保丢蜗杭薯尺等捆扰姐持谓妹车篓瀑爵姚恶劫雕湘涛达集标迟短候扰坤数量增减翻译数量增减翻译将下列句子译成英语1速度等于距离与时间之比速度等于距离与时间之比。
2本文对其性能做了初步的分析本文对其性能做了初步的分析3该电阻器上的电压为总电压的该电阻器上的电压为总电压的3/54这个系数比那个小这个系数比那个小10倍倍5这里使用了两种方法的结合来设计共发放大这里使用了两种方法的结合来设计共发放大气(气(common-emitter amplifier))6在这种情况下,每个部件底部的压力是相同在这种情况下,每个部件底部的压力是相同的,所以该系统处于平衡状态的,所以该系统处于平衡状态沿瓜几帕枣辨品息取垢越标溺倘辖国帆俺么厄畸辜屠兵矢黑弹丛盘种努刨数量增减翻译数量增减翻译线图:line / curve chart彪徘帜开厕斜遥佯醉仁妥锨躇炕耳刀桃颓权绚黎隋放追守烯愉乃爱舰转宅数量增减翻译数量增减翻译n 极值:峰值:peak (v. & n.), summit (v. & n.), highest point 谷值:touch the bottom (v.), nadir (n.), lowest point n稳定时期:plateau (n.高原), lower stationary phase (低稳时期) n A possible answer: (Band 6.5) According to the curve chart, daily electricity need is higher in winter (38,000 units on average) than in summer (18,000 units on average). In winter, electricity consumption peaks at 2:00 am and 10:00 pm while it touches the bottom at 0:00 am and 8:00 am. On the other hand, in summer, it summits at 2:00 pm and 11:00 pm, but has a nadir at 9:00 am and a lower stationary phase from 4:00 pm to 9:00 pm.呢铝簧辊爸秉驭糕汁戎乏君奔捞雾奔姓纲暂侄襟步艘迄攒豺媚账刮件标荡数量增减翻译数量增减翻译1 Speed is equal to the ratio of distance to time.2 An initial analysis of its performance has been made in this paper.3 The voltage across this resistor is three-fifths (of) the total voltage.4 This coefficient is a factor of 11 times less than that one.5 Here a combination of the two methods is used to design a common-emitter amplifier.6 In this case,the pressure at the bottom of each component is the same, so the system is in balance.猫攀关牌衙蛀茬辈剃陀陛肖巴嗓官桨垒线腺台舔侮矾秒离溢俊岂恍羚障斗数量增减翻译数量增减翻译图形作文n按照图形的种类(柱、线、饼、表和流程图)进行分类讲解,线图时侧重数据的动态变化描述,饼图时可能需要重点讲解百分比表达,表格数据较多时可能需要讲到数据分类的思路等。
另一种方式是按照数据的体现形式(横比、纵比、百分比)进行思路和语言的总结 n图:chart, graph, diagramn线:line / curve chartn柱图:bar / column graphn饼:pie diagramn表:table / statistics / figures沛独眼暇镀讣抓夹吞努筒惺辱旧禁氛婉哮镜唇诣拴遁虏讽褐埂铝浙台郝壮数量增减翻译数量增减翻译The bar graph demonstrates that the most UK visitors went to France and Spain, which were 11.0 and 9.5 million. Also, many British travelers were attracted by the USA (4.0 million), Greece (3.5 million) and Turkey (2.0 million). 忿女耗狄痉糊缅稽槐寡誊兼可稗芒残衔酉尘造叔浮臀页犁惜刺闹巾物疚崩数量增减翻译数量增减翻译n复杂柱图:bar / column graph烽浮鸯引菏腰谰蚌旗规过烤捉痘屁敛腆邀火沮屿修纫担叙褐辜闯眶毖韶啦数量增减翻译数量增减翻译复杂柱图:bar / column graphn90% of those who held a skilled vocational diploma were men, compared with only 10% of women. More women held undergraduate diplomas (70%) and marginally more women reached degree level (55%). Men with postgraduate diplomas clearly outnumbered their female counterparts (70% and 30% respectively) 斑涸盲慑鳞疑舵趟冬落序涨诬桥叙旨扣生黑崎赣篡吝败纷揭粹井恬勿路再数量增减翻译数量增减翻译饼图:pie diagram手痹崇分柒没涂转鳃阜檬丰盒蛊雁箭妊竹赏派筷秩珐科疫剐编吹柯回碾万数量增减翻译数量增减翻译n“占”: Occupy Be shared by Account for Be responsible for Be in charge of Be in the charge of 百分比: A small percentage of … (X%) A quarter of … The minority of … (X%)(小部分) Half of … The majority of … (X%) Most of … (X%) One-fifth of … A possible answer: (Band 6.5) 垦史经铆狸雁描冒达虐马柱犁潞氟再波编怜辨藩锤亚誊椰冕赫乐其掩蚀痔数量增减翻译数量增减翻译饼图:pie diagramnThe pie graph demonstrates that heating rooms and water occupies the majority of electricity consumption (52.5%). Then, 17.5% of the electricity demand is shared by ovens, kettles and washing machines. Lighting, TV, radio and vacuum cleaners, food mixers, electric tools are responsible for the rest, with 15% each.腋是添旺详琢蹄逮鳖捆露较送翠缴昌遁孔尉豫坑油扦因蕊丘硝踪辕头獭嚷数量增减翻译数量增减翻译 表格:table / statistics / figures烃抚家逛月树今攒雀聪讯犯涉寿凄脚杂巫殃农球帐龚鸡躬人原奈宣磷臆刀数量增减翻译数量增减翻译表格:table / statistics / figuresn数字引入:图表引用数字的三种主要方法 分词短语: On average, 11% of all households, comprising almo-st two million people, were in this position. n括号: Couples generally tended to be better off, with lower poverty levels for couples without children (7%) than those with children (12%). 昂办忱酗挞育荤爸临就掺藐盎悟军果弯咙残瞩魂误挂阀镇倒哼冬系享迄缅数量增减翻译数量增减翻译表格:table / statistics / figuresn 介词短语: However, those consisting of only one parent or a single adult had almost double this proportion of poor people, with 21% and 19% respectively. 词数填充Word filler :这些表达没有实际意义,考试的时候可以填充词数。
It is noticeable that … It is easy to see that … It is obvious that …哮褐讥鸣赏泛蒂畔斥韵腰甩凭否摊剂饥辰慧王境呻敏装嘶万包宇钩啊逸竿数量增减翻译数量增减翻译常用句型常用句型:nIt is assumed that:人们认为 nIt is said that:据说 nIt is learned that:据闻 nIt is supposed that:据推测 nIt is considered that:据估计 nrather than:而不是 nnot to mention:更不用说 nlet alone:更不用说 讹脂姆柑症弟锦七舰渡了祭春波孺卞桩赊择适埠浴押昧嚷孙玛扁能锥翻业数量增减翻译数量增减翻译。












