第2章船舶组织和驾驶员职务.docx

Chapter 2 the Organization of a Ship’s Crewnd the DeckDepartments RespgsibiHtythe Organization of a Ship’s CrewThe man in charge of a ship is the master. He is responsible for the ship, her cargo and the safety of the crew. He must be well qualified and an experienced navigator. Although his correct title is the master, he is addressed as “captain”.The organization of the crew of a cargo ship is changing, but it is still customary to find deck, engine, catering and radio departments in ships of a reasonable size. Each department is made up of a varied number of officers,petty officers and ratings.The chief officer, or first mate as he is often called ,is the head of the deck department. He is assisted by a second officer (mate), a third officer (mate). The deck department also includes a boatswain (bosun) and a carpenter, and a number of ratings. These are made up of able seamen(AB), ordinary seamen(OS) and a middle grade known as efficient deck hands(EDH). On some ships navigating cadets are carried for training purposes.The chief engineer is head of the engine department. He is assisted by a second,third, fourth engineer. An electrical officer may also be carried. The engine room ratings are firemen and greasers. There may also be engineer cadets.The catering department is under the chief steward. It is divided into a saloon and galley第2章船舶船员组织和甲板部的职责船员组织船舶的负责人是船长。

他对船舶、船上 的货物和船员的安全负责他必须是完全合 格并且有经验的航海者尽管他的正确称呼 是 master，也叫 captainis responsible for 对 负责)货船上的船员组织是变化的，但是习惯 上在一定尺度的船舶上仍然是分为甲板部、轮 机部、服务部和无线电部每个部门由数量不 等的高级船员、部门负责人和普通船员组成be made up of...由 组成)大副(chief officer, first mate)是甲板部的 领导二副和三副协助他工作甲板部还包 括一名水手长和一名木匠及一些普通船员 普通船员是由一级水手(一水)和二级水手 (二水)和甲板水手组成的在一些船舶上 还有实习的实习生boatswain (bosun)水手长)(able seamen(AB) 一级水手)(ordinary seamen(OS)二级水手)(efficient deck hands(EDH)甲板水手)(cadet实习生)轮机长是轮机部的领导大管轮、二管 轮、三管轮协助他工作也可能还有电机员 轮机部的普通船员有生火和油匠有时也有 轮机实习生在船服务部是在管事的领导下服务部分为 大台和厨房两部分。

厨房是由厨师领导的section. The galley section is headed by the ship’s cook. He is assisted by cooks.The radio department often consists of only one man： the radio officer.the Deck Deprtment’s Responsibility1. the Work of the Deck DepartmentThe deck department is responsible for navigating the ship safely and economically from port to port. The master is an experienced navigator and usually works out the best course. It is the job of the deck department to see that the cargo is stowed properly in the holds and kept in good condition during the voyage. The stowage of cargo is the responsibility of the chief officer. He is helped by the second and third officers. In addition when the ship is not fully laded，the chief officer must see that the holds are cleaned and prepared for their next cargo. In a tanker the cargo tanks are washed out during ballast passages and freed of gas. The second officer is responsible to the master for keeping the ship on course and for looking after all the equipment used fo r navigation. At sea, much of the deck department’s time is spent maintaining the ship and her equipment in good condition. This meansconstant cleaning , painting and repair work. This is done by ratings under thesupervision of the boatswain (bosun). A program of maintenance for each day is worked out by the chief officer. He also looks after the general day-to-day running of the department and deals with any problems. The third officer is in charge of fire-fighting有几个厨工帮助他。

无线电部通常只有一个人：报务员the catering departme 服务部）（chief steward 管事）（saloon and galley 大台和厨房）甲板部的职责1. 甲板部的工作equipment and life-saving appliances. The甲板部负责驾驶船舶安全而经济地从 一个港口航行到另一个港口船长是一名有 经验的航海者，通常由他确定最佳航向将 货物正确地装入货舱，在航行中保持良好状 况是甲板部的工作货物的积载是大副的责 任他的工作由二副和三副协助此外，当 船舶没有满载时，大副必须检查货舱是否清 洁并做好装下一次货的准备油船货舱要在 压载航行时洗舱和除净油气二副对船长负 责，保证船舶航行在航向上和负责所有航海 仪器在海上航行时，甲板部的大部分时间 是用于保养船舶和维护设备，使其状况良 好这就是经常进行清洁、油漆和修理工作 这些工作是在水手长的监督下由普通船员 完成的每天的工作计划是由大副制定的 大副还负责照管甲板部每天工作进展情况 并解决出现的问题三副负责消防和救生设 备这些设备必须完备并处于良好工作状 况different appliances must be complete and in good working order.The boatswain and the carpenter are directly responsible to the chief officer. The Bosun sees that his orders and those of other deck officers are carried out by the crew. He is a man with a lot of knowledge and practical experience in seamanship. The carpenter is usually a qualified shipwright. He no longer works only with wood as his name suggests. His most important regular job is to sound the tanks and bilges in order to check the depths of liquid in them. He also operate the windlass when the anchors are being raised or lowered.The deck department is also responsible for keeping watches. An officer is always on watch on the bridge.2. the Master -Responsibilities and DutiesThe master is the direct representative of the company. Decisions and actions taken by the master in this capacity are usually binding upon the company，and therefore the master must act to ensure that company’s interests are The master has supreme command of the 。