虚拟语气与倒装课件.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,虚拟语气与倒装结构,语法专题复习,Discussion,If,从句的谓语形式,主句的谓语形式,现在,did/were,would/could/should/might+do,过去,had done,would/could/should/might+have done,将来,did/were,should do,were to do,would/could/should/might+do,If,条件状语从句用于虚拟语气,*,wish,+did(,与事实相反的情况,),+had done(,与过去事实相反,),+would/could/might+do,(,将来不大可能实现的愿望,),虚拟语气,几个特例,1.,if only,意为：若是,.,那该多好啊,;,真希望,.;,只要,只要,.,就好,表示现在的情况,应用过去式,;,如果是过去的情况,应用过去完成时态,If only I,had arrived,in time,!,If only she,didnt drive,so fast.,2,as if /as though,did,与现在事实相反的,had done,与过去事实相反或想象的事物,4.,would rather,后面的从句用虚拟语气：,I would rather,you didnt come today,.,I would rather,you didnt come tomorrow,.,I would rather,you hadnt come yesterday,.,虚拟语气,几个特例,虚拟语气,几个特例,2.,Its(high/right)time that,that,从句要用虚拟语气：,过去时,或,should+do,Its time that you,left/should leave,here.,Demand,Suggest,Order,Propose,Request,Command,Insist,etc,+(should)do,表示愿望、建议、命令、请求等,主语从句,中的虚拟语气,例句,Its,necessary,that we should have a walk now.,Its,important,that we should take good care of the patient.,3,在句型“,It is important(necessary,strange,natural)that.,”,中，,that,后面的从句中的谓语动词用：,should+,动词原形,Without/But for,your help,we would not have made such rapid progress.,=,If it hadnt been for,your help.,I have to leave right away,otherwise,I would be late for the train.,I would/could have helped you,but,I was busy at that time.,虚拟语气,几个特例,3.,一些介词短语,如,:,but for(,要不是,),without,otherwise(,否则,),等,表示含蓄的条件,这时主句要用虚拟语气,5.,情态动词用于虚拟语气：,could/might/have done,should(not)have done,ought(not)to have done,neednt have done,虚拟语气,几个特例,5.,情态动词用于对过去情况的推测：,must have done,（肯定句）,may/might/could have done,（肯定句）,cant/couldnt have done,（否定句）,can/could have done(,疑问句）,倒 装 结 构,1、句子谓语是,go，come，run,等表示位置的动词和,be,动 词，句中又有表示方位的副词(如,there，here，up，down，out，in，away,等)，为了强调该副词，可将其放于句首，而将谓语动词全部置于主语之前。

如:,Here comes the train to Beijing.,去北京的火车来了There goes the bell.,铃响了Down came the rain.,下雨了但主语是人称代词时，主语仍置于动词之前如:,Away he comes.,他来了Here it comes.,它来了2、为了强调句中的状语或表语，为了保持句子平衡或上下文衔接紧密，可将状语或表语置于句首，句中主语和谓语完全倒装如:,At the front of the hall sat the headmaster.,Hanging on the wall are two maps of China,Present at the meeting were 200 teachers and 500,students.,3、为了强调,only,及其所修饰的状语(通常是副词、介词短语或从句)，则将它们移到句首，句中的主谓作部分倒装如:,Only then did we realize that the man was blind.,Only when the war was over in 1918 was he able to get,happily back to work.,4、将含有否定意义的副词(,never，seldom，not，little，hardly,等)置于句首以示强调时，句中的主谓作部分倒装。

如:,Seldom in my life have I met so determined a person.,一生中我很少见到如此果断的人In no other places can you see such a sight.,Not a single word did he say at the last meeting.,在上次会议上他一句话都没说Hardlywhen，No soonerthan，Scarcelywhen,not onlybut also,引导两个分句时，将前一个分句中的主谓作部分倒装，后一个分句中的主谓语序不变如:,Hardly had he begun to speak when his father,stopped him.,No sooner had I left my house than it began to,rain.,但,neither/notnor,引导两个分句时，这两个分句中的主谓均要倒装如:,Neither do I know her address，nor does he.,我不知道她的地址，他也不知道.,The patient could not eat,nor could he drink.,那个病人既不能吃，也不能喝。

7、在“,so+,形容词或副词,/such+,名词,that,分句”,结构中，,so,such,位于句首时，句子部分倒装So moved was she that she could not say a word.,Such rapid progress has he made that all the teachers,feel proud of him.,8.as,用于让步状语时的特殊结构,Young as he is,he knows a lot about the current situation,.,由于语法结构的需要，还有下列句型用于倒装句:,1、“,So+,助动词+主语”是一种常用于对前面所说的情况作简短回答的句型如:,I was late and so was she.,我迟到了，她也迟到了They love making lots of friends,so do those with disabilities.,他们喜欢广交朋友，残疾人也一样2、“,Neither/Nor+,助动词+主语”是用于对前面所说的否定内容表示同样看法的句型如：,She wont go.Neither/Nor will I.,她不走，我也不。

I cannot swim.Neither can he(swim).,我不会游泳，他也不会3、当,if,引导的虚拟条件从句中含有,had，were,或,should,等时，如将,if,省略，则要将,had，were,或,should,等移到主语前，作部分或完全倒装Had you come yesterday，you would have seen him.,(If you had come yesterday,you would have seen him.),。