植物源花青素的稳定性和抗氧化活性研究生物学专业.docx

题 目 植物源花青素的稳定性和抗氧化活性研究 摘要所谓花青素，指的是在植物组织里存在的水溶性色彩从界定范畴来说，花青素应该被纳入类黄酮化合物领域其本身无毒、使用安全，有突出的保健功效，尤其是抗氧化表现，近年来受到专家学者等的广泛关注花青素具备的高抗氧化活性，不仅可以有效的满足人类延缓衰老需求，同时在自由基清除以及抗肿瘤等方面也有突出的作用发挥所以无论是从医疗、化妆品研发以及食品加工等产业发展来说，花青素的应用前景十分看好而且在研究的过程中，为更好的实现花青素的有效开发，本研究以蓝莓提取物为植物源原料，对花青素的含量、稳定性进行了研究以自由基清除率的大小作为体外抗氧化能力强弱的评价指标，验证比较了蓝莓花青素的抗氧化能力本研究主要成果如下：（1）通过紫外可见光分光光度法确定蓝莓提取物样品的检测波长为520nm，运用pH试差法测定本实验样品中的花青素含量为2.188mg/g2）蓝莓花青素的稳定性受室外日光影响较大10天后溶液颜色已消退至无色，花青素保存率只有12.65%避光和室内自然光条件下溶液的吸光度值下降程度较小，颜色消退速率较慢，10天后花青素保存率仍超过60%。

蓝莓花青素在低于60℃的环境中稳定性较好，60℃下水浴放置2h其花青素保留率可达93.8％，但高温环境下花青素保存率迅速下降，100℃时其保存率只有29.5％花青素酸碱稳定性受pH影响较大，溶液pH从1到10变化时，溶液颜色变化过程为：红色—紫红色—浅紫色—浅绿色—绿色—蓝绿色苯甲酸钠对蓝莓花青素稳定性影响较小，抗坏血酸、亚硫酸氢钠能增强蓝莓花青素的稳定性，且提高的效果与浓度有关柠檬酸对蓝莓花青素具有稳定的增色作用金属离子Na+、K+、Ca2+、Mg2+对花青素的稳定性的影响相对较小，金属离子Fe3+和Cu2+使得花青素溶液的颜色发生明显改变，对花青素的稳定性有显著的影响3）在试验操作上，使用的是三类氧化模型，分别是羟基以及DPPH自由基两个模型，以及DPPH自由基模型等在研究过程中，使用抗坏血酸、α-生育酚、丁基羟基茴香醚（BHA）作为对照，通过比较它们对自由基的清除率表现，进而证实了在蓝莓中提取的花青素有突出的抗氧化表现基于模型分析，在采用超氧阴离子以及羟基自由基模型进行分析上，可知无论是花青素还是抗坏血酸，都有较为出色的自由基清除效果在使用DPPH自由基模型分析时，通过研究，可知蓝莓花青素、抗坏血酸、α-生育酚、BHA对DPPH自由基IC50值分别为12.693ug/ml、15.478ug/ml、28.461ug/ml、79.469ug/ml，即对羟基自由基的清除能力的大小顺序为：蓝莓花青素﹥抗坏血酸﹥BHA﹥α一生育酚。

关键词：植物源 花青素 稳定性 抗氧化活性Abstract Anthocyanin is a kind of water-soluble pigment which is widely present in plant tissue, and belongs to the flavonoid compound. Because of its safety, non-toxic and anti-oxidation and other health-care effects, it has been widely concerned by experts and scholars in recent years. Anthocyanin has high antioxidant activity, and has an important role in delaying aging, scavenging free radicals, and resisting tumor, and has great application prospect in the fields of medicine, cosmetics, food processing and the like. In order to develop plant source anthocyanin, the content and stability of anthocyanin were studied by using blueberry extract as the raw material of plant. The anti-oxidation ability of blueberry anthocyanin was compared with the value of free radical clearance as the evaluation index of the anti-oxidation ability in vitro. The main results of this study are as follows: (1) the detection wavelength of the blueberry extract sample is determined to be 520 nm by the ultraviolet visible light spectrophotometry, and the content of the anthocyanin in the test sample is 2.188 mg/ g by using the pH test method. (2) The stability of the blueberry anthocyanin is affected by the outdoor sunlight for 10 days, the color of the solution is resolved to be colorless, and the retention rate of the anthocyanin is only 12.65%. Under the condition of light and indoor natural light, the decrease of the absorbance of the solution is small, the color fading rate is slow, and the preservation rate of the anthocyanin is still more than 60% after 10 days. The stability of anthocyanin in the environment was lower than 60 ℃. The retention rate of anthocyanin was 93.8% in water bath at 60 ℃, but the preservation rate of anthocyanin in high-temperature environment was decreased rapidly, and the preservation rate was only 29.5% at 100 ℃. The stability of the acid-base of the anthocyanin is affected by the pH, and when the pH of the solution changes from 1 to 10, the color change process of the solution is as follows: red, purplish-red, light-purple, light-green, green and blue-green. The effect of sodium benzoate on the stability of the blueberry anthocyanin is small, and the ascorbic acid and the sodium bisulfite can enhance the stability of the blueberry anthocyanin, and the effect is related to the concentration. The citric acid has a stable color-increasing effect on the blueberry anthocyanin. The effect of metal ion Na +, K +, Ca 2 + and Mg 2 + on the stability of anthocyanin was relatively small, and the metal ions Fe3 + and Cu2 + make the color of anthocyanin solution obviously change, and has a significant effect on the stability of anthocyanin. (3) Three anti-oxidation models of the superoxide anion system, the hydroxyl radical system and the DPPH free radical system were used in this test. The antioxidant capacity of the blueberry anthocyanin is further defined by comparing their clearance to the free radicals. In the superoxide anion and hydroxyl radical system, the scavenging ability of the anthocyanin and the ascorbic acid to the free radicals is obviously higher than that of the 1-tocopherol and the BHA. In the DPPH radical system, the IC50 values of blueberry anthocyanin, ascorbic acid, l-tocopherol and BHA on the DPPH radical were 12.693 ug/ ml, 15.478 ug/ ml, 28.461 ug/ ml and 79.469 ug/ ml respectively.Key words: plant source; anthocyanidin; stability; antioxidant activity目录摘要 ABSTRACT 1 绪论 1.1 花青素概述 11.2 花青素的定性定量方法 21.3 花青素稳定性研究 31.3.1 PH影响 31.3.2 热稳定性 31.3.3 光稳定性 41.4 花青素抗氧化活性研究 41.4.1 DPPH自由基清除率的测定 41.4.2 超氧阴离子清除能力测定 41.4.3 羟自由基清除能力测定 51.5 本研究的目的意义及研究内容 51.5.1 研究目的及意义 51.5.2 本实验研究内容 52 植物源花青素稳定性研究 2.1 实验材料 72.1.1 主要实验材料与试剂 72.1.2 主要实验仪器 72.2 实验方法 82.2.1 花。