中考语态专项复习课件.ppt

课课标标·权权威威解解读读考考点点·名名师师精精讲讲真真题题·感感悟悟中中考考语语法法强强化化训训练练课课标标·权权威威解解读读考考点点·名名师师精精讲讲真真题题·感感悟悟中中考考语语法法强强化化训训练练课课标标·权权威威解解读读考考点点·名名师师精精讲讲真真题题·感感悟悟中中考考语语法法强强化化训训练练课课标标·权权威威解解读读考考点点·名名师师精精讲讲真真题题·感感悟悟中中考考语语法法强强化化训训练练课课标标·权权威威解解读读考考点点·名名师师精精讲讲真真题题·感感悟悟中中考考语语法法强强化化训训练练考点一　被考点一　被动语态动语态的的应应用用　　　　语语态态是是动动词词的的一一种种形形式式，，表表示示主主语语和和谓谓语语的的关关系系当当主主语语是是动动作作的的执执行行者者时时用用主主动动语语态态（（某某人人做做某某事事））；；当当主主语语是是动动作的承受者作的承受者时时，用被，用被动语态动语态（某事被人做）某事被人做）　　　　被被动动语语态态的的构构成成：：助助动动词词be + 及及物物动动词词的的过过去去分分词词（（即即p. p. ））　　被　　被动语态动语态常用的常用的时态时态共有共有8种种课课标标·权权威威解解读读考考点点·名名师师精精讲讲真真题题·感感悟悟中中考考语语法法强强化化训训练练课课标标·权权威威解解读读考考点点·名名师师精精讲讲真真题题·感感悟悟中中考考语语法法强强化化训训练练课课标标·权权威威解解读读考考点点·名名师师精精讲讲真真题题·感感悟悟中中考考语语法法强强化化训训练练课课标标·权权威威解解读读考考点点·名名师师精精讲讲真真题题·感感悟悟中中考考语语法法强强化化训训练练　　　　　　【【说说明明】】(1)一一般般将将来来时时态态的的被被动动结结构构也也可可用用：：am/is/are going to be+p. p. 过过去将来去将来时态时态被被动结动结构也可用：构也可用：was/were going to be+p. p. (2)含有情含有情态动词态动词的被的被动结动结构：构：(情情态动词态动词)+be+p. p. (3)被被动语态动语态的否定式是在第一个助的否定式是在第一个助动词动词后加否定后加否定词词not; 疑疑问问式是将第一个助式是将第一个助动词动词移到主移到主语语前即可。

前即可课课标标·权权威威解解读读考考点点·名名师师精精讲讲真真题题·感感悟悟中中考考语语法法强强化化训训练练　　　主　　　主动语态变为动语态变为被被动语态动语态的方法的方法（（1））变换结变换结构构图图课课标标·权权威威解解读读考考点点·名名师师精精讲讲真真题题·感感悟悟中中考考语语法法强强化化训训练练(2)第第一一步步，，先先确确定定主主动动句句的的主主、、谓谓、、宾宾，，找找出出其其中中的的谓谓语语动动词词；；第第二二步步，，把把主主动动句句中中谓谓语语动动词词后后面面的的宾宾语语变变为为被被动动句句的的主主语语，，若若宾语宾语是人称代是人称代词时词时，，应应把把宾语变为宾语变为主格；主格；第第三三步步，，把把主主动动句句中中的的谓谓语语动动词词变变为为“助助动动词词be + 及及物物动动词词的的过过去分去分词词”，但，但时态时态不能改不能改变变；；第第四四步步，，把把主主动动句句中中谓谓语语动动词词前前面面的的主主语语变变为为被被动动句句中中介介词词by的的宾宾语语（（没没必必要要说说出出动动作作的的执执行行者者时时可可省省略略）），，若若主主语语是是人称代人称代词时词时，，应应把主格把主格变为宾变为宾格。

格课课标标·权权威威解解读读考考点点·名名师师精精讲讲真真题题·感感悟悟中中考考语语法法强强化化训训练练考点二　被考点二　被动语态动语态的几种特殊形式的几种特殊形式1. 主主动动句句中中感感官官动动词词see/ hear/ watch/ feel等等和和使使役役动动词词make/ let/ have等等词词后后跟跟省省略略to的的动动词词不不定定式式，，变变为为被被动动语语态态时时应应加加上不定式符号上不定式符号toWe saw an alien get out of the UFO. → An alien was seen to get out of the UFO. 【【提提醒醒】】后后接接现现在在分分词词作作宾宾语语补补足足语语的的动动词词变变为为被被动动语语态态时时，，宾补宾补部分不部分不变变对对比：比：We heard Jim playing the guitar in his room. → Jim was heard playing the guitar in his room. 课课标标·权权威威解解读读考考点点·名名师师精精讲讲真真题题·感感悟悟中中考考语语法法强强化化训训练练2. 谓语动词谓语动词后接双后接双宾语宾语（直接（直接宾语宾语和和间间接接宾语宾语））时时，，（（1）把）把间间接接宾语变为宾语变为主主语语，直接，直接宾语宾语不不变变。

课课标标·权权威威解解读读考考点点·名名师师精精讲讲真真题题·感感悟悟中中考考语语法法强强化化训训练练（（2））把把直直接接宾宾语语变变为为主主语语，，间间接接宾宾语语前前通通常常加加介介词词to或或for加加to的的动动词词有有：：give, bring, pass, lend, read, write, teach, show等等；；加加for的的动动词词有有：：buy, sing, choose, make, leave, mend等课课标标·权权威威解解读读考考点点·名名师师精精讲讲真真题题·感感悟悟中中考考语语法法强强化化训训练练3. 句中句中谓语谓语是是动词动词短短语时语时，，变为变为被被动语态时动语态时要注意其完整性要注意其完整性Jack turned on the TV just now. →The TV was turned on by Jack just now. 　　　　　　4. 带带有有复复合合宾宾语语的的动动词词变变为为被被动动语语态态时时，，只只需需把把宾宾语语变变为为被被动动语语态态的的主主语语，，而而宾宾语语补补足足语语仍仍保保留留原原处处，，作作主主语语补补足足语语。

Our teacher told us to clean the classroom at once. →We were told to clean the classroom at once. 课课标标·权权威威解解读读考考点点·名名师师精精讲讲真真题题·感感悟悟中中考考语语法法强强化化训训练练 5. 主主动动表被表被动动(1) feel, look, sound, smell, taste等等系系动动词词的的主主动动语语态态表表示示被被动动含含义义The dishes smell so delicious. 菜菜闻闻起来真香起来真香Your idea sounds better. 你的主意听起来更好你的主意听起来更好课课标标·权权威威解解读读考考点点·名名师师精精讲讲真真题题·感感悟悟中中考考语语法法强强化化训训练练(2)有有些些动动词词如如smell, sell, cut, drive, wash, clean, write, open, lock等作等作为为不及物不及物动词时动词时可以用主可以用主动语态动语态表示被表示被动动含含义义Books of Harry Potter sell well. 《《哈利哈利·波特波特》》系列的系列的书书很很畅销畅销。

My pen writes smoothly. 我的我的钢钢笔写起字来很流笔写起字来很流畅畅3) sth. need/ want/ require doing相相当当于于 sth. need/ want/ require to be done (不定式的被不定式的被动结动结构构)Your room needs cleaning. = Your room needs to be cleaned. 你的房你的房间间需要打需要打扫扫了课课标标·权权威威解解读读考考点点·名名师师精精讲讲真真题题·感感悟悟中中考考语语法法强强化化训训练练(4) be worth doing(值值得做得做) 中的中的doing表示被表示被动动含含义义The movie is worth watching by everyone. 这这部部电电影影值值得所有人看一看得所有人看一看课课标标·权权威威解解读读考考点点·名名师师精精讲讲真真题题·感感悟悟中中考考语语法法强强化化训训练练　　　不用被　　　不用被动语态动语态的情况的情况1. 系系动词动词、不及物、不及物动词动词或或动词动词短短语语没有被没有被动语态动语态。

例如：例如：come true; fall asleep; keep quiet; take place等；等；2. 主主动动句句的的宾宾语语是是不不定定式式或或doing时时不不能能用用作作被被动动语语态态的的主主语语；；to do不定式一般不作被不定式一般不作被动语态动语态主主语语3. 反身代反身代词词或或each other不能作不能作为为被被动语态动语态的主的主语语课课标标·权权威威解解读读考考点点·名名师师精精讲讲真真题题·感感悟悟中中考考语语法法强强化化训训练练　　　被　　　被动语态动语态与系表与系表结结构的区构的区别别“be + p. p. ”表示表示动动作作时时是被是被动语态动语态；；“be + p. p. ”表示主表示主语语所所处处的状的状态时态时是系表是系表结结构1. 含有含有“by + 宾语宾语”结结构构强强调动调动作作执执行者，此行者，此时为时为被被动语态动语态The window is broken. 窗窗户户坏了系表坏了系表结结构）构）The window is broken by me. 窗窗户户是我打破的被是我打破的被动语态动语态））课课标标·权权威威解解读读考考点点·名名师师精精讲讲真真题题·感感悟悟中中考考语语法法强强化化训训练练2. 句中有地点、句中有地点、频频率或率或时间时间状状语时语时，一般是被，一般是被动语态动语态。

The door was closed. 门门是关着的系表是关着的系表结结构）构）The door was closed at 9: 00. 九点九点钟钟关的关的门门被动语态动语态））3. 系表系表结结构中常用介构中常用介词词搭配，被搭配，被动语态动语态中没有介中没有介词词搭配We’re worried about the boy. 我我们们担心那个男孩担心那个男孩4. 系表系表结结构的构的过过去分去分词词可以被副可以被副词词修修饰饰I’m really surprised at the news. 我我对这对这个消息真的感到很惊个消息真的感到很惊讶讶5. 系系表表结结构构通通常常只只有有一一般般现现在在时时和和一一般般过过去去时时，，而而被被动动语语态态可用于多种可用于多种时态时态 课课标标·权权威威解解读读考考点点·名名师师精精讲讲真真题题·感感悟悟中中考考语语法法强强化化训训练练课课标标·权权威威解解读读考考点点·名名师师精精讲讲真真题题·感感悟悟中中考考语语法法强强化化训训练练考点一　被考点一　被动语态动语态的的应应用用( )1. ［［11·兰兰州州中中考考］］In many places in China, the old over 90 ______ not only by their family but also by the government. A. is taking good care　　　　　　　　B. are taken good care ofC. is taking good care of　　　　　　D. are taken good care( )2. ［［11·铜铜仁中考］仁中考］Bamboo can ______ paper. A. used to make　　　　　　　　　　　　 B. be used makeC. be used to make　　　　　　　　　　D. be used to making课课标标·权权威威解解读读考考点点·名名师师精精讲讲真真题题·感感悟悟中中考考语语法法强强化化训训练练( )3. ［［11·烟烟台台中中考考］］It is true that knowledge ______ rather than being taught. A. learns B. learnedC. is learned D. was learned( )4. ［［11·陕陕西西中中考考］］Driving after drinking wine ______ in China. A. allows B. doesn’t allowC. is allowed D. isn’t allowed课课标标·权权威威解解读读考考点点·名名师师精精讲讲真真题题·感感悟悟中中考考语语法法强强化化训训练练( )5. ［［10·南南通通中中考考］］The disabled people shouldn’t ______. Instead, we should be friendly to them. A. look down B. look down onC. be looked down on D. be looked down课课标标·权权威威解解读读考考点点·名名师师精精讲讲真真题题·感感悟悟中中考考语语法法强强化化训训练练考点二　被考点二　被动语态动语态的几种特殊形式的几种特殊形式( )1. ［［11·滨滨州州中中考考］］The Taiwan spotted deer, Fan Xing and Dian Dian, ______ to the Chinese mainland on April 16, 2011. A. have sent 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　B. were sending C. were sent　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 D. had sent( )2. ［［11·枣枣庄庄中中考考］］In the past the children were made ______ 15 hours a day. A. to lock B. work C. to work D. lock课课标标·权权威威解解读读考考点点·名名师师精精讲讲真真题题·感感悟悟中中考考语语法法强强化化训训练练( )3. ［［10·大大理理中中考考］］The 30th Olympic Games ______ in London in 2012. A. hold B. will holdC. is held D. will be held( )4. ［［10·台州中考］台州中考］ —Wow! You have a ticket to the Expo. —It ______ by my uncle. He is working in Shanghai. A. is bought B. was bought C. has bought D. had bought课课标标·权权威威解解读读考考点点·名名师师精精讲讲真真题题·感感悟悟中中考考语语法法强强化化训训练练( )5. ［［10·宜宜宾宾中中考考］］ I ______ to take part in the English speech contest last week. A. ask B. asked C. am asked D. was asked课课标标·权权威威解解读读考考点点·名名师师精精讲讲真真题题·感感悟悟中中考考语语法法强强化化训训练练。