
翻译三级笔译实务2009年05月(含答案).doc
4页2009 年 5 月三级笔译考试真题及参考译文Part 1Translation from English into Chinese· Read the following two passages.· Translate them into Chinese.· Write your answers on the answer sheets.· You may use the additional paper for your draft but you must copy your answers onto the answer sheets.Passage 1Why Is it So Difficult to Swat a Fly?The brains of flies are wired to avoid the swatter, US researchers said on Thursday.At the mere hint of a threat, the insects adjust their preflight stance to flee in the opposite direction, ensuring a clean getaway, they said in a finding that helps explain why flies can so easily evade swipes from their human foes."These movements are made very rapidly, within about 200 milliseconds, but within that time the animal determines where the threat is coming and activates a set of movements to position its legs and wings," Michael Dickinson of the California Institute of Technology said in a statement."This illustrates how rapidly the fly's brain can process sensory information into an appropriate motor response," said Dickinson, whose research appears in the journal Current Biology.Dickinson's team studies this process in fruit flies using high-speed digital imaging equipment and a fancy fly swatter.In response to a threat from the front, the fly moves its middle legs forward, leans back and raises its back legs for a backward takeoff. If the threat is from the side, the fly leans the other way before takeoff.The findings offer new insight into the nervous system of the fly, and lends a few clues on how to outsmart them.Dickinson, a bioengineer, has devoted his life's work to the study of insect flight. He has built a tiny robotic fly called Robofly and a 3-D visual flight simulator called Fly-O-Vision.Passage 2The Truth about the EnvironmentFor many environmentalists, the world seems to be getting worse. They have developed a hit-list of our main fears: that natural resources are running out; that the population is ever growing, leaving less and less to eat; that species are becoming extinct in vast numbers, and that the planet's air and water are becoming ever more polluted.But a quick look at the facts shows a different picture. First, energy and other natural resources have become more abundant, not less so, since the book The Limits to Growth was published in 1972 by a group of scientists. Second, more food is now produced per head of the world's population than at any time in history. Fewer people are starving. Third, although species are indeed becoming extinct, only about 0.7% of them are expected to disappear in the next 50 years, not 25-50%, as has so often been predicted. And finally, most forms of environmental pollution either appear to have been exaggerated, or are temporary-associated with the early phases of industrialisation and therefore best cured not by restricting economic growth, but by accelerating it. One form of pollution—the release of greenhouse gases that causes global warming—does appear to be a phenomenon that is going to extend well into our future, but its total impact is unlikely to pose a devastating problem.Yet opinion polls suggest that many people nurture the belief that environmental standards are declining and many factors seem to cause this disjunction between perception and reality.Part 2Translation from Chinese into English· Read the following two passages.· Translate them into English.· Write your answers on the answer sheets.· You may use the additional paper for your draft but you must copy your answers onto the answer sheets.Passage 1森林里住着三只蜥蜴 1,觉得身体和周围的环境大不相同,没有安全感。
其中一只说:“这里实在不安全,得想办法改变环境 ”说完,这只蜥蜴便开始大干起来森林之大,要使之改变谈何容易不久这只蜥蜴便活活累死了另一只蜥蜴说:“看来想要改变这个地方非我辈能力所及,不如另寻安全的地方 ”说完,便爬出了这片森林只是它还没有找到梦中的乐土,就饿死了第三只蜥蜴看了看四周,说:“为什么一定要改变环境,而不改变自己来适应环境?”说完,它便借着阳光和阴影,慢慢地改变自己的肤色于是它渐渐地在树干上隐没了这只蜥蜴就成了变色龙 2,从此在森林里安居繁衍 蜥蜴:lizard变色龙:chameleonPassage 2美国人认为,向人借钱的是聪明人,借钱给人的是傻瓜美国政府、企业和普通百姓都以此为准则,使资源丰富的美国成为欠债最多的国家美国人用明天的钱,使今天的楼市一落千丈、通胀加剧无论是美国政府还是企业和个人,总认为美国是世界最富裕的国家,可以为所欲为地借钱、用钱然而,靠借钱过日子的国家,总不是一个健康的国家不用花一分钱可以成为豪宅业主” ,终于引发了波及全球的金融危机;靠印钞票来掠取他国资产,会使自己的诚信彻底丧失不负责任地“向人借钱的聪明人” ,反被聪明所误,这已成为威胁美国安全的因素之一。
英译汉参考译文Passage 1苍蝇为何如此难打?上周四美国的研究员们称,苍蝇能够躲过苍蝇拍,这与其大脑反应直接相关即使是很微小的危险信号,苍蝇在察觉后也能迅速调整好起飞姿势,然后朝相反方向逃之夭夭,逃脱得干净利索研究人员的这一发现有助于解释为何苍蝇能如此轻易地逃脱其人类敌人的拍打加州理工学院的迈克尔·迪金森在一份报告中说:“这一系列动作完成得非常迅速,只需要大约 200 毫秒的时间,而仅在这段时间,苍蝇就判断出了威胁来自何处,然后启动一套动作,调整好腿和翅膀的姿势 ”迪金森说:“这就说明苍蝇的大脑能够非常迅速地将感官信息转化为相应的动作反应指令 ”他的这一研究报告在《当代生物学》期刊上发表迪金森的研究小组借助高速数码成像设备和一个奇特的苍蝇拍在果蝇身上就此过程展开了研究遇到来自正面的威胁时,苍蝇会向前移动中足,身体后倾,抬起后足朝后面飞走如果威胁来自侧面,苍蝇则会将身体倾向另一侧,然后逃离这一发现为我们对苍蝇的神经系统的研究提供了新的认识,也为我们如何智胜苍蝇给出了一些线索作为一位生物工程学家,迪金森已将他毕生的精力致力于昆虫飞行的研究上他研发了一款名叫 Robofly 的微型机器人苍蝇,以及一种名叫 Fly-O-Vision 的三维可视飞行模拟器。
Passage 2环境的真相在许多环境保护者看来,这个世界正越变越糟他们为人类担心的事列了一个黑名单:自然资源在枯竭,人口在增长,食物在变少,物种在大量灭绝,地球的空气和水受到前所未有的污染然而,看看周围的事实,会发现事情并非如此首先,自 1972 年科学家们出版了《增长的极限》一书后,能源和其他自然资源变得丰富了,而非稀少了第二,如今,世界人均粮食产量高于历史上任何时期遭受饥荒的人变少了第三,虽然物种确实在不断灭绝,但在未来 50 年内,预计只有大约 0.7%的物种会消失,而非人们总是在预测的 25-50%最后,大多数污染现象,要么被夸大了,要么就是由处于初级阶段的工业化造成,是暂时现象,因而缓解污染要通过加速经济增长,而非限制增长温室效应。












