【人教版】初中英语中考总复习大全.pdf

目 录第一篇词法.2一、名词.2二、冠词.11三、代词.17四、形容词、副词.28五、连 词.46六、介 词 .54七、数 词.69八、动 词.74第二篇句法.97一、主 要 句 式.97二、定 语 从 句.110三、常见习惯用语.115四、完形填空与阅读.129附 录 .144中学生英语学习常见错误一览表.144A.144B_.152C.158D.164E.168F_.171G.176H.1781.183J_.185K.186L.187M.192N.1960.199P.201R.204S.207T.212U.215V.217W.218Y.221第一篇词法四形容词、副词（一）知识概要形容词的用法很活跃，在英语中用处也很多，但英语中修饰可数名词和不可数名词的修饰语和词组有时不同，要特别加以注意卜.面将初中学习阶段中遇到的修饰可数名词的词和词组归纳如R many,no,several,some,a few,a lot,lots,plenty,plenty of,a lot of,a large number of,enougho 而修饰不可数名词的词或词组如卜：much,no,some,a lot,a great deal,lots,plenty,a lot of,plenty of。

其中 some,no,a lot of,plenty of 既可修饰可数名词又可修饰不可数名词英语中形容词与副词有原级、比较级、最高级之分，其规则如下：构词法 原 级 比较级 最高级 加 e r,或 estTallyoung talleryoungertallestyoungest只加r 或 st nicelargenicerlargernicestlargest重读闭音节末尾只有一个辅音字母时双写该字母加er、estbigfathotbiggerfatterhotterbiggestfattesthottest不规则变化的形容词或副词：原 级 比 较 级 最 高 级good better bestWell better bestbad worse worstbadly worse worstmany more mostmost more mostlittle less lestfar fartherfurtherfarthestfurthestold olderelderoldesteldest要注意的是许多形容词同时又是副词，如：back,all,alone,either,far,high,slow等。

而有些形容词则要经过一定变化才能转为副词，其规律如下：构 词 法 形 容 词 副 词一般加 ly Carefulkindcarefullykindly尾是y 时将y 变成i 加 ly HappybusyeasyHappilybusilyeasily其 他 trueterriblefullpossibleshywholetrulyterriblyfullypossiblyshylywholly在学习过程中要注意其变化此外并不是所有副词都可以修饰比较级和最高级形容词能修饰比较级的有:much,yet,far,still,a great deal,even 和 a little.能修饰最高级的有:the very,much the,far 等二）正误辨析 误 The young likes playing football very much.正 The young like playing football very much.析 定冠词加形容词表示一类人，应作复数看待而定冠词加形容词表示抽象事物时则要看作单数，如：The beautiful is not always kindness.美丽并不总代表善良。

误 The danger has gone,so the worst are over.正 The danger has gone,so the worst is over.析 意为：”危险已经过去，最困难的状况已结束用定冠词加最高级形容词作主语时应看作单数形式误 It is the gold age of the young.正 It is the golden age of the young.析 golden在英语中多用于比喻,如：golden hair金 发,gulden voice金嗓子而 gold多用于表达金质的，如：a gold bar金条，a gold coin金币，但 gold fish金鱼例外误 She is a warm heart woman.正 She is a warm hearted woman.析英语形容词的构词法很多，其中之一是山形容词，或数词，加名词加ed构亦 如：warm hoarted热心肠的，white haired白毛的 误 There is an alive fish in the pool.正 There is a living fish in the pool.析在初中范围内所学到的以a 字母开头的形容词一般不能作定语，只能作表语。

如：The fish is alive.（鱼还活着）这样的形容词有：alive,alike,alone,asleep,afraid,awake 等误 The ill man nearly died.正 The sick man nearly died.析 ill 一般不作定语来形容某人有病，而要用sic k,但作表语时则都可以如：He is ill sick,ill作定语时则另有他意,如：ill luck（厄运），ill nature（天性恶劣）,ill temper（心绪不好）误 I have important something to tell you.正 I have something important to tell you.析 不定代词something,anyone,somebody在用形容词修饰时，形容词应放其后但要注意thing则不是不定代词，不符合上述规律如：I have an important thing to tell you.误 Ill be free on next Sunday.正 Ill be free next Sunday.析 在表达将来时的时候：next Sunday,next week,next year 或 last Sunday last week,last year 前都不加介词。

误 The girl is two year old.正 The girl is two years old.正 She is a two year old girl 析 由连字符连接若干名词、数词组成的形容词，在学习时要记住两点，其一是这些词中的名词都不要用复数形式，如：two thousand word report（两千字的报告）；其二是这样构成的形容词只能作定语，即用于名词之前，而不能作表语误 The foreigners like those little beautiful Chinese paintings.正 The foreigners like those beautiful little Chinese paintings.析 在名词前若有几个形容词作修饰语时，其顺序如下I.指示代词，定 冠 词 2.数 量 词 3.性 质 词 4.大小 5.形 状 6.老少，新 旧 7.颜 色 8.材料但要注意的是英语的习惯是一个名词前的形容词一般不要多于三个如：What a pretty little white horse!Those first few short English stories were not difficult to understand.误 The best way to learn English good is to speak with Englishman every day.正 The best way to learn English well is to speak with Englishman every day.析 good是形容词，这里是修饰动词speak的，所以应用副词w ell,但 well作形容词讲时只作身体好。

如：He is well.（他身体很好）He is good.（他是个好人）误 The children play on the grass nappyly.正 The children play on the grass happily 析 多音节y 结尾的形容词变为副词时应将y 变为i 再加ly.误 The teacher looked angry at the students.正 The teacher looked angrily at the students.析 英语中感观动词后面要接形容词，这时它是修饰主语的，如：The food smells good.食物闻起来很香The teacher looked angry老师看起来很生气而此句的意思为：”老师生气地看着学生”，所以应用副词形式误 He worked with me friendly.正 He was friendly to me.析 不是所有结尾是ly 的词都是副词，但 friendly是形容词，这样的词还有lovely,lonely,costly,lively-monthly w eekly-o 但其中有些词既是副词，又是形容词，如：early,hourly,monthly-误 You can speak free in front of your friends.正 You can speak freely in front of your friends.析 free作为形容词意为”自山的，有空闲的，免费的”。

作为副词讲则是 免费”之意而 freely作为副词则是 自由的，随便的”这些要注意的词还有：h ard努力，艰 苦 hardly几 乎 不 late迟，晚lately最近的，最 新 的 near近 nearly几 乎 like像 likely几乎 误 They must have arrived till now.正 They must have arrived by now.析 by now是用于表达到目前为止某一动作已经发生，所以应用瞬间动词而 till now是强调某一动作一直持续到现在，所以一定要用持续性动词must have+过去分词是对过去某一事情所作的肯定推测误 Someone called you right now.正 Someone called you just now.析 just now有两个意思，其是 刚才，其二是“现在，而 right now只能用于现在的状态just则用于完成时态，如：I have just finished my homework.误 My father will be back from America at present.正 My father will be back from America presently.析 presently有两个意思：其一是最近，不久，其二在美语中是现在之意，与 at present相同。

而 for thepresent 为暂时，如：I teach English in the school for the present.误 Ill be back at the moment.正 Fil be back in a moment.析 at the moment其意为 现在，当时，而 in a moment意为 马上过一会,与in a minute意思相近误 The train from Shanghai will arrive here in time.正 The train from Shanghai will amv。