合成氨工艺原理(净化最终).doc

低温甲醇洗部分一、概 述--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1、酸性气体的来源----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2、脱除酸性气体的必要性-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------3、脱除酸性气体的方法----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------4、甲醇的物理、化学性质------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------5、低温甲醇洗的优、缺点------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------二、理论基础-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1、拉乌尔定律和亨利定律------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2、各种气体在甲醇中的溶解度------------------------------------------------------------------------------------三、工艺过程及原理--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1、脱水------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2、CO2、H2S 的吸收-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------3、富甲醇液的再生及 H2、CO2、H2S 的回收------------------------------------------------------------------(1) 一级减压闪蒸------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------(2) 二级减压闪蒸-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------(3) H2S 组份的浓缩---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------(4) 加热再生-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------4、甲醇脱水蒸馏-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------四、我厂及同类型装置曾发生的事故----------------------------------------------------------------------------------五、技术改造及作用------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 液氮洗部分一、概 述-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------二、理论基础-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1、基本原理2、H2-N2-CO 体系的气——液相平衡----------------------------------------------------------------------------三、工艺过程及原理-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1、原料气的预处理--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2、原料气的冷却-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------3、氮气的液化--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------4、液氮洗涤-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------5、配氮产冷-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------6、一氧化碳馏分冷量的回收--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------四、我厂及同类装置曾发生的事故------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1、板翅式换热器堵塞------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2、程控混乱、炸塌火炬---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------五、技术改造及作用-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1、16-V1吸附器预冷改造-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2、配氮管线改造----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------3、原料气流量低联锁改造----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------甲烷化部分一、概 述------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------二、基本原理--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1、化学反应----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2、化学平衡---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------3、副反应------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------三、甲烷化的催化剂----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------四、工艺过程-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1、工艺条件--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2、工艺流程------------------------------------------------------------------。