祈使句精讲及练习（含答案）.docx

本文格式为Word版，下载可任意编辑祈使句精讲及练习（含答案） 祈使句精讲及练习（含答案） 一、祈使句（Imperative Sentence） 定义：用于表达命令、苦求、警告、警告、遏止等的句子叫做祈使句. 祈使句因对象（即主语）是其次人称，所以通常都省略祈使句的动词都为一般现在时，句末那么使用句号来表示终止 例：Go and wash your hands. （去洗你的手——命令） Be quiet, please.（Please be quiet.） （请宁静——苦求） Be kind to our sister. （对姊妹要和气——警告） Watch your steps. （走路提防——警告） Look out！Danger！ （提防！危害！——猛烈警告，已如慨叹句） No parking. （遏止停车——遏止） 祈使句也常把主语“You”表达出来，使对方听起来觉得温和些，例如： You go and tell him, Chris. （克立斯你去报告他 二、相关口令 祈使句无主语, 主语you常省去; 动词原形谓语当, 句首加don't否决变; 朗读应当用降调, 句末常标慨叹号。

三、表现形式 ●断定布局: 1. Do型(即:动词原形(+宾语)+其它成分)如:Please have a seat here. 请这边坐 有的祈使句在意思明确的处境下,动词可省略如:This way, please. = Go this way, please. 请这边走 2. Be型(即:Be + 表语(名词或形容词)+其它成分)如:Be a good boy! 要做一个好孩子! 3. Let型(即:Let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其它成分)如:Let me help you. 让我来帮你 ●否决布局: 1. Do型和Be型的否决式都是在句首加don't构成如:Don't forget me! 不要忘却我! 2. Let型的否决式有两种:“Don't + let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其它成分”和“Let + 宾语 + not + 动词原形 + 其它成分”如:Don't let him go. / Let him not go. 别让他走 3. 有些可用no开头,用来表示遏止性的祈使句如:No smoking! 遏止吸烟 !No fishing! 遏止钓鱼! 四、\带头的祈使句 由\带头的祈使句(Imperative Sentences)是个常见的动词句型，它的主要用法有以下三种： 1 1.表示“建议”。

这个句型里的\后头紧跟着一个第一人称的代词宾语，如： (1) Let me try. (2) Let's do it. (3) Let me go and look for it. 这个句型语气委婉，比直接的祈使句客气试对比(4)a和(4)b: (4) a. Don't disturb him. b. Let's not disturb him. (a)是直接命令，语气猛烈，不如(b)温柔顺耳 2.表示“间接命令”或“愿望” 这句型里的动词宾语是第三人称名词或代词，如： (5) Let Robert take charge of the marketing department. （让robert接纳市场部 (6) Let her join our choir. （让她参与我们的合唱团 3.表示“警告”、“蔑视”、“要挟”等 这种祈使句里的宾语也是第三人称为主除了口气凶悍之外，有时还语带讥讽，如： (7) Let him try and he will expose his inability to work on his own. (8) Let the invaders come and our armed forces will wipe them out in no time. 用\的祈使句时，务必留神以下几点： 一、\的否决句有两种。

假设宾语是第三人称用\（见例(9)）；假设宾语是第一人称，那么用\（见例(10)）： (9) Don't let this type of things happen again. (10) It's raining now. Let's not go out until after the rain. 二、\只适用于现在时态，可以有被动语态 (the passive voice)，如： (11) Let the man be sent to prison. (12) Let all the excellent staff be promoted. 三、\后头除了是不带\的不定式动词之外，还可以是某些适当的副词，如out, in, down, alone (13) Let the man out. (14) Open the windows and let the fresh air in. (15) The room is too sunny. Let the blinds down. (16) Let me alone, please. 四、用\时，把谈话者的对象包括在内；用\时，并不包括对方，如： (17) Let's try it, shall we? (18) Let us do it by ourselves, will you? 从(17)里的\和(18)里的\，不难知道前者包括听话人，后者并没有。

2 祈使句练习 1. The TV is too loud. Please________. A. turn it down B. to turn it down C. turn down it D. to turn down it 2. _______ late again, Bill! A. Don't to be B. Don't be C. Not be D. Be not 3. _______ cross the road until the traffic lights turn green. A. Not B. Won't C. Doesn't D. Don't 4. Please help me carry it, ______? A. will I B. will you C. shall I D. shall we 5. Don't make so much noise, ______? A. will you B. won't you C. shall we D. do you 6. Do you know the girl ______under the tree? A. stand B. to stand C. standing D. stood 7. Kate, _______ your homework here tomorrow. A. bring B. brings C. to bring D. bringing 8. ________ me the truth, or I'll be angry. A. Telling B. To tell C. Told D. Tell 9. I've kept the dog _______Maomao for a long time. A. Name B. named C. naming D. to name 10. Don't you know that _______ is good for our health? A. swim B. swimming C. swam D. swims 3 答案：1-5 ABDBA 6-10 CADBB 4 — 5 —。