
2021年全国硕士研究生考试英语(一)真题(含解析).pdf
79页21?(一)? ? ?2021年全国硕士研究生考试英语(一)真题第 1 页,共 79 页Section I Use of English Directions : Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or Don the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points) Fluid intelligence is the type of intelligence that has to do with short-term memory and the ability to think quickly, logically, and abstractly in order to solve new problems. It _1_ in young adulthood, levels out for a period of time, and then _2_ starts to slowly decline as we age. But 3 aging is inevitable, scientists are finding out that certain changes in brain function may not be. One study found that muscle loss and the 4 of body fat around the abdomen are associated with a decline in fluid intelligence. This suggests the 5 that lifestyle factors might help prevent or 6 this type of decline. The researchers looked at data that 7 measurements of lean muscle and abdominal fat from more than 4,000 middle-to-older-aged men and women and 8 that data to reported changes in fluid intelligence over a six-year period. They found that middle-aged people 9 higher measures of abdominal fat measures of fluid intelligence as the years 11 10 worse on For women, the association may be 12 to changes in immunity that resulted from excess abdominal fat; in men, the immune system did not appear to be 13 . It is hoped that future studies could 14 these differences and perhaps lead to different 15 for men and women. 16 there are steps you can 17 to help reduce abdominal fat and maintain lean muscle mass as you age in order to protect both your physical and mental 18 The two highly recommended lifestyle approaches are maintaining or increasing your 19 of aerobic exercise and following Mediterranean-style 20 that is high in fiber and eliminates highly processed foods. +1-1( ).-ifi 1:9c1:o -1,fil!l. . ( 14 :vf) 2021年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语一试题2021年全国硕士研究生考试英语(一)真题第 2 页,共 79 页1. A J pausesBJ returns CJ peaks 2. AJ alternatively B J formally CJ accidentally 3. AJ whileBJ since CJ once 4. AJ detection B J accumulation CJ consumption 5. A J possibility BJ decision CJ goal 6. AJ delayBJ ensure CJ seek 7. A J modified B J supported CJ included 8. A devoted B J compared CJ converted 9. AJ withBJ above CJ by 10. A lived B J managed CJ scored 11. A J ran outBJ set off CJ drew in 12. AJ superiorBJ attributable CJ parallel 13. AJ restoredBJ isolated CJ involved 14. AJ alterBJ spread CJ remove 15. A J compensations BJ symptoms CJ demands 16. AJ Likewise BJ Meanwhile CJ Therefore 17. A J change BJ watch CJ count 18. AJ well-beingBJ process CJ formation 19. A J levelBJ love CJ knowledge 20. A J design BJ routine CJ diet Section II Reading Comprehension Part A Directions : DJ fades D J generally DJ until D J separation DJ requirement DJ utilize D J predicted DJ applied DJ against DJ played DJ went by DJ resistant DJ controlled DJ explain DJ treatments DJ Instead DJ take DJ coordination DJ space DJ prescription Read the following four texts. Answer the questions after each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. ( 40 points) i( - ) iti.M . 2 . ( 14 Jf) 2021年全国硕士研究生考试英语(一)真题第 3 页,共 79 页Text 1 How can the train operators possibly justify yet another increase to rail passenger fares? It has become a grimly reliable annual ritual: every January the cost of travelling by train rises, imposing a significant extra burden on those who have no option but to use the rail network to get to work or otherwise. This years rise, an average of 2.7 per cent, may be a fraction lower than last years, but it is still well above the official Consumer Price Index (CPI) measure of inflation. Successive governments have permitted such increases on the grounds that the cost of investing in and running the rail network should be borne by those who use it, rather than the general taxpayer. Why, the argument goes, should a car-driving pensioner from Lincolnshire have to subsidise the daily commute of a stockbroker from Surrey? Equally, there is a sense that the travails of commuters in the South East, many of whom will face among the biggest rises, have received too much attention compared to those who must endure the relatively poor infrastructure of the Midlands and the North. However, over the past 12 months, those commuters have also experienced some of the worst rail strikes in years. It is all very well train operators trumpeting the improvements they are making to the network, but passengers should be able to expect a basic level of service for the substantial sums they are now paying to travel. The responsibility for the latest wave of strikes rests on the unions. However, there 1s a strong case that those who have been worst affected by industrial action should receive compensation for the disruption they have suffered. The Government has pledged to change the law to introduce a minimum service requirement so that, even when strikes occur, services can continue to operate. This should form part of a wider package of measures to addre。
